Ziwerengero Zokhudza Kusuta ndi Khansa Yam'mimba
Tikudziwa kuti kusuta kumayambitsa khansara yamapapo, koma zikuwonekeranso kuti anthu ena amasuta moyo wawo wonse ndipo sakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. Kotero, ndi anthu angati owerengeka omwe amasuta khansa ya m'mapapo? Kodi chiwopsezochi chichepa bwanji ngati musiya?
Kusuta ndi Khansa Yam'mimba
Ziwerengero zambiri zimayang'ana chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo , kuphatikiza onse omwe amasuta fodya ndi omwe sanasute fodya.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za United States, chiopsezo cha moyo kuti munthu adziwe kansa ya m'mapapo ndi 6.4 peresenti kapena wamkulu pang'ono kuposa mmodzi mwa anthu khumi ndi mmodzi.
Mwachiwonekere, chiwerengero ichi chidzakhala chokwanira kwa iwo amene asuta ndi otsika kwa iwo omwe alibe. Tili ndi maphunziro ochepa omwe aphwanya manambalawa pakati pa osuta fodya, omwe poyamba ankasuta fodya, komanso osuta fodya, koma kafukufuku wachikulire wa ku Ulaya adachita izi. Phunziroli, chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo chinali:
- 0.2 peresenti kwa amuna omwe sanasute konse; Oposa 0,4 peresenti ya akazi
- 5.5 peresenti ya amuna omwe poyamba ankasuta; 2.6 peresenti mwa amayi
- 15,9 peresenti ya anthu omwe amasuta fodya; 9,5 peresenti ya akazi
- 24,4 peresenti ya amuna "osuta fodya" amatanthauzira kusuta ndudu zoposa zisanu patsiku; 18.5 peresenti ya akazi
Kafukufuku wakale wa ku Canada adatchulapo pangozi ya moyo wa amuna osuta fodya pa 17.2 peresenti ndi 11.6 peresenti mwa akazi ndi 1.3 peresenti yokha pa amuna osasuta ndipo 1.4 peresenti mwa amayi osakhala fodya .
Choyambitsa Chifukwa cha Imfa Yogwirizana ndi Khansa
Kuti muyankhe bwino lomwe chifukwa chake funsoli ndi lofunika kwambiri, ndikofunika kufotokoza kuti kusuta ndikoyambitsa chifukwa cha imfa zokhudzana ndi khansa kwa amuna ndi akazi ku United States. Kufa kwa khansara limodzi mwa anayi ndi chifukwa cha khansara yamapapo ndi khansara yamapapo imapha anthu ambiri kuposa khansa ya m'mawere, khansara ya prostate, ndi khansa yamtundu umodzi .
Mwa khansa imeneyi, akuganiza kuti pafupifupi 80 peresenti amatha kusuta chifukwa cha kusuta. Pali mankhwala ambiri a ndudu omwe amadziwika kuti amachititsa khansa ndi zina zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndizoopsa kwa anthu. Koma si khansa yamapapu chabe. Pali khansa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusuta .
Ndipo sikuti kungosuta fodya ndizovuta, zimaganiziridwa kuti pafupifupi 7300 anthu amafa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo chaka chilichonse chifukwa cha utsi wa dzanja lachiwiri.
Kuopsa kwa khansa ya m'magazi mwa anthu omwe amasuta
Zikuwoneka kuti kumayambiriro kwa moyo mukuyamba kusuta fodya, zimapangitsa kuti mutha kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. Zowopsa zanu zimadalira kuchuluka kwa " zaka-pack " zomwe mwasuta. Chaka chokwanira ndi nambala yomwe imawerengedwa powonjezera chiwerengero cha zaka zomwe zimasuta nthawi ya phukusi za fodya zomwe zimasuta tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kusiya kusuta kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamapapo, koma zingatenge nthawi kuti chiopsezo chanu chichepetse. Ngati mwasuta kwa kanthawi kochepa, chiopsezo chanu sichidzafika poti sichimasuta fodya. Koma, kuyesetsabe kusiya. Ochita kafukufuku akuyang'ana anthu a ku Asia ndi Australia adapeza kuti anthu angathe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 70 peresenti posiya kusuta.
Pakafukufuku wina, bambo wina wa zaka 68 yemwe adasuta mapaketi awiri patsiku kwa zaka 50 (100 pack-years) anali ndi chiopsezo chazaka 15 za khansa ya m'mapapo m'zaka 10 zotsatira ngati akadapitiriza kusuta.
Mavutowa amatha kupitirira 10,8 peresenti ngati atasiya kusuta.
Mwinanso mukudabwa momwe kudula koma kusasiya kumakhudzira ngozi. Mu kafukufuku wina, anapeza kuti anthu omwe amasuta ndudu 15 kuposa tsiku akhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chachikulu ngati atadula fodya omwe amasuta tsiku lililonse. Phunziro lina silinali lothandiza kwambiri pa njira yochepetsera ndipo analangiza kuti kusiya kwathunthu kunali kofunikira kuti tipeze kusiyana kwakukulu pa ngozi.
Khansa Yam'mimba M'zaka Zakale Zoputa Fodya
Monga tanenera kale, ngozi ya khansa ya m'mapapo siimabwereranso ngati munthu akusuta fodya.
Ndipotu, pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo masiku ano si osuta fodya; iwo sankasuta fodya kapena amasiya kusuta fodya m'mbuyomo (ndi omwe amasuta fodya kale).
Kulosera Ngozi
Ngakhale sikutheka kunena kuti ndani angayambe khansa yamapapo, kanema ya Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer yakhazikitsa Chida cha Kuopsa kwa Khansa ya M'magazi yomwe mungathe kuwerengera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo mu zaka 10 zotsatira malinga ndi msinkhu wanu kwa nthawi yaitali mumakhala kapena mumasuta.
Chidachi chakonzedwa kwa anthu a zaka za pakati pa 50 ndi 75 omwe amasuta fodya pakati pa 10 ndi 60 tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zaka 25 ndi 55. Zimatsogoleredwa ndi chidziwitso chomwe chimakumbutsa anthu kuti chidachi ndizolosera zokhudzana ndi ziwerengero ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti wina sangakhale ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.
Kuwunika
Mpaka posachedwa, sipanakhalepo kuyesa koyesa kansalu ya khansa. Anthu ankadalira kuzindikira za zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya m'mapapo mukuyembekeza kupeza matendawa kumayambiriro ndi magawo ambiri ochiritsira matendawa.
Popeza pafupifupi theka la anthu amapezeka pamene khansa yawo yamapapo yayamba kale, kudziŵa zizindikiro zokha sikokwanira. Wokondwa-kwa anthu ena osachepera- CT yowononga khansa yamapapo yavomerezedwa ndipo, pamene imagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo, ikhoza kuchepetsa kufa kwa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 20 peresenti ku United States.
Anthu oyenerera kuwonetsetsa akuphatikizapo omwe:
- Ali pakati pa zaka 55 ndi 80
- Mukhale ndi mbiri ya zaka 30 za phukusi la kusuta
- Pitirizani kusuta kapena kusiya kusuta fodya m'zaka 15 zapitazo
- Ali ndi chikhalidwe chokwanira chotero kuti opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitidwa ngati misa utapezeka
Palinso anthu ena omwe angafunike kufufuzidwa. Mwachitsanzo, omwe akhala akupezeka ndi zinthu zopangitsa khansa kuntchito. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mungakhale pachiopsezo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Ngakhale mutasuta, sikuchedwa kwambiri kuchita zinthu zina kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo .
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mumasuta kapena mumasuta mungakhale mukukhumudwa. Zingakuthandizeni kuyang'ana ziwerengero izi mosiyana. M'malo mokhumudwitsa kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo sichikutha, mungathe kuganizira kuti zaka 10 mutasiya chiopsezo ndi theka la zomwe ziri lero.
Sikuchedwa kwambiri kusiya. Ngakhale kwa iwo omwe ali ndi khansa, kusiya kumatha kusintha. Mutha kukhala ndi chidwi pofufuza zifukwa izi kuti musuta fodya musanadziwe matenda a kansa .
Kuwonjezera pa kusiya khalidweli, pali njira zina zomwe mungachepetse mwayi wanu wakufa ndi khansa. Kudya wathanzi, kukhala ndi moyo wokhutira, ndi kuwonetsedwa ngati muli woyenerera mukhoza kuthandiza onse.
Dziwani zambiri za khansa ya fodya ndi yamapapo kuchokera ku mbiri ya matenda, njira zomwe zingasokonezerere khansa ya m'mapapo, ndi zina zambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Zotsatira Zaumoyo za Kusuta. Kusinthidwa 05/15/17. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Kusuta ndi Khansa. Kusinthidwa 01/23/17. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/diseases/cancer.html
> National Cancer Institute. Kuwonetsa Kutha kwa Mapeto a Epidemiology. SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Mphungu ndi Bronchus. 2017.