Zizindikiro za Autism Zosatchulidwa M'zilembo Zogwiritsa Ntchito

Zizindikiro za autism zimaphatikizapo kusayang'ana kwa maso , kulankhula ndi kuyankhulana , ndi makhalidwe obwerezabwereza. Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani makolo akufuna thandizo la mankhwala kuti athandize ana awo kugona, kuthana ndi nkhawa, kudya chakudya, kapena kutha kumathetsa mavuto? Ambiri, makamaka, ambiri okhala ndi autism ali ndi zizindikiro zosagwirizana ndi chiyanjano. Pakalipano, sitikudziwa ngati autism imachititsa zizindikirozi kapena zimangogwirizana nazo. Koma tikudziwa kuti ali enieni.

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Autism ndi Mavuto Ovuta

Anthu ambiri okhala ndi autism amakhala ndi mavuto . Amatha kuyankha phokoso, kuwala, ndi kukhudza. Kapena, mwina, angakonde kudandaula kwakukulu ndi kukhumudwa. Mulimonse momwemo, kukhudzidwa kwa hyper- kapena hyposensitivity kungapangitse zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku zovuta kwambiri. Kodi ndi mwana uti amene amaphunzira bwino pamene akuvutika ndi kuwala kowala, zovala zowonongeka komanso zopanda pake? Ngakhale pali mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti zinthu zitheke bwino, njira zabwino zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kusintha chilengedwe kuti chikugwirizana ndi mwanayo.

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Matenda a Autism ndi Mimba

Ana omwe ali ndi autism amakhala ovuta kuposa ana ena kuti azikhala ndi m'mimba komanso m'mimba. Ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti mgwirizano pakati pa autism ndi mavuto a m'mimba ndi chitsimikizo cha chifukwa cha autism. Ena amangowonongeka kuti ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi vuto la m'mimba. Mwanjira iliyonse, zimakhala zomveka pochiza zizindikiro komanso kuonetsetsa kuti zakudya zoyenera zili bwino. Kaya kusintha kwa zakudya ndi zakudya zothandiza kwenikweni kuchiritsa autism akadakayikira. Koma palibe mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, m'mimba komanso m'mimba. Pochiza matenda a GI, makolo angathandize ana awo kuti adzalandire ku sukulu, mankhwala, ndi chiyanjano.

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Autism ndi Zokhumudwitsa

Mwana mmodzi mwa anayi ali ndi autism ali ndi vuto la kulumala. Kugonjetsa kumatha kuchoka kuzing'onong'ono kwambiri mpaka kumayambiriro kofiira kapena poyang'ana mwachidule. Zizindikirozi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuona kupweteka, zomwe zimatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito electroencephalograms zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa ubongo. Mosiyana ndi zizindikiro zambiri za autistic, kugwidwa kumakhala ndi njira yothetsera matenda. Anticonvulsants amatha kuchepetsa kupweteka. Ena mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa ndi carbamazepine (Tegretol®), lamotrigine (Lamictal®), topiramate (Topamax®), ndi valproic acid (Depakote®). Ndikofunika kutsimikiza kuti anticonvulsant yabwino imasankhidwa chifukwa ena akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

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Mavuto Ogona ndi Autism

Ngakhale pali kafukufuku wochepa pa nkhaniyi, zikuonekeratu kuti anthu ambiri okhala ndi autism amakhalanso ndi vuto la kugona. Ena ali ndi nthawi yovuta kugona; ena amadzuka nthawi zambiri usiku. Zoona, kusowa tulo kungapangitse kuti mavitamini ayambe kuipa kwambiri: anthu ochepa amaganiza, kukhala ndi makhalidwe kapena kusangalala bwino akakhala atatopa. Makolo nazonso akhoza kukhumudwa akamagona mokwanira. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti melatonin, supplement based hormone, ingathandize anthu okhala ndi autism kugona. Sizomveka, komabe, kuti melatonin ikhoza kusintha kwambiri kuthandiza anthu okhala ndi autism kuti agone usiku wonse.

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Nkhawa, Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi Autism

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi matenda omwe angayambitse matenda ndi nkhawa, kupanikizika, ndi mkwiyo. Nkhanizi zikuwoneka kuti ndizofala pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndipamwamba kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito autism ndi matenda a Asperger. Izi zikhoza chifukwa chakuti anthu omwe ali ndipamwamba kwambiri ogwira ntchito autism ndi Asperger syndrome amadziwa bwino kusiyana kwawo ndipo amatha kumva zotsatira za kusokonezedwa ndi anzawo. Koma akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti matenda a maganizo omwe amaphatikizana ndi autism angayambidwe chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa ubongo wa autistic. Matenda a maganizo amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala, psychology, komanso makhalidwe oyang'anira. Ngati nkhaniyi imayambitsidwa ndi zochitika zakunja, zimakhala zomveka kwambiri kusintha chilengedwe kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za wodwalayo.

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Kusiyanitsa Kuphunzira ndi Autism

Ana omwe ali ndi autism amaphunzira mosiyana. Ena amalephera kuphunzira kuwerenga monga dyslexia, pamene ena ali ndi luso lapadera monga hyperlexia (luso lowerenga ali wamng'ono kwambiri). Ena ali ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kupeza luso la masamu; ena ndi masamu "osungira," akukwaniritsa zopitirira malire awo.

Chida chimodzi chothandizira kusiyana kwa maphunziro mu autism ndi pulogalamu yophunzitsa payekha (IEP), chikalata chokhazikitsidwa ndi gulu lomwe limaphatikizapo makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi oyang'anira sukulu. Mwachidziwitso, IEP imathandiza kuti zithandizire ana autistic pamene ali ndi mavuto pomwe akuwonetsetsanso mipata yomanga pa mphamvu. Kupambana kwa IEPs kumasiyana pa zochitika zonse.

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Matenda a Maganizo ndi Autism

Si zachilendo kuti munthu amene ali ndi autism amakhalenso ndi matenda a maganizo okhudza kusinthasintha maganizo, matenda ovutika maganizo, matenda osokoneza bongo kapena schizophrenia. Zingakhale zovuta kufotokoza kusiyana pakati pa "kupirira" (kubwezeretsa mawu, mawu, zinthu kapena maganizo), zomwe ziri zofala kwambiri mu autism, ndi matenda osokoneza maganizo, omwe ndi matenda osiyana. Kungakhalenso kovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda a maganizo ndi bipolar matenda, schizophrenia, ndi machitidwe autistic. Ngati mukuganiza kuti wokondedwa ndi autism akudwala matenda a maganizo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza katswiri wodziwa bwino ndi anthu pa autism spectrum.

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Kutaya Kanthu, Zochita za Khalidwe ndi Autism

Chodabwitsa, kuchepetsa chidwi, khalidwe laukali, ndi kuvutika ndi kulingalira sizinaphatikizidwe muzitsulo za autism. Izi ndi zodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa zonsezi ndizofala kwambiri. Izi zili choncho, ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi ADD kapena ADHD. Nthawi zina, mankhwala omwe amathandiza ndi ADHD (monga Ritalin) angathandize ana ndi autism kusintha khalidwe ndi kuganizira. Koma nthawi zambiri, amasiyanasiyana. Zowonjezereka kukhala zothandiza zimasintha ku chilengedwe chomwe chimasokoneza zovuta zaphunziro ndikukhumudwitsa ndi kuthandizira. Zida zina zothandizira kuphatikizapo nkhani zamakhalidwe abwino, njira zophunzirira manja, ndi njira yothandizira.

> Zotsatira:

> American Psychiatric Association. Buku lodziŵitsa komanso lowerengera la matenda a m'maganizo. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.

> Frye R. Kuwongolera zochitika zamakono ndi zamakono zogwidwa ndi vuto la autism spectrum disorder: Zotsatira kuchokera ku ndondomeko yowonongeka ndi gulu la akatswiri. Malire a Zaumoyo Zamtundu . 2013; 1. do: 10.3389 / fpubh.2013.00031.

> Ming X, Brimacombe M, Chaaban J, Zimmerman-Bier B, Wagner GC. Matenda a Autism: Kulimbana ndi matenda a kachipatala. Journal of Child Neurology . 2007; 23 (1): 6-13. lembani: 10.1177 / 0883073807307102 >.

> Rao PA, Landa RJ. Chiyanjano pakati pa kuopsa kwa khalidwe la phenotype ndi kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso cholakwika cha matenda odwala matenda a ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum. Autism . 2013; 18 (3): 272-280. lembani: 10.1177 / 1362361312470494.

> Samsam M. Pathophysiology ya matenda a autism: Kugwirizanitsa kugwiriridwa kwa m'mimba ndi kusamvana kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. World Journal of Gastroenterology . 2014; 20 (29): 9942. do: 10.3748 / wjg.v20.i29.9942.

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