Kulankhulana sizoposa mawu
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a autism angakhale osalankhula , akhoza kukhala ndi mawu ochepa, kapena akhoza kulankhula momveka bwino. Ziribe kanthu zomwe malingaliro awo amalankhula, komabe, pafupifupi aliyense pa autism spectrum zimakhala zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito zolankhula mmagwirizano. Ndi chifukwa chakuti akulimbana ndi mavuto awiri: zovuta zawo pakufotokozera malingaliro abwino, ndi mavuto ena kuti awvetse ndi kuvomereza.
Kulankhulana Potsutsana ndi Autism
Nchifukwa chiyani munthu yemwe angagwiritse ntchito chinenero cholankhulidwa amakhala ndi mavuto ndi chiyanjano choyankhulana? Pali zifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, anthu okhala ndi autism nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyana siyana. Angathe kubwereza mizere kuchokera ku kanema, kuyankhula kosatha za mutu wokondedwa, kapena kufunsa mafunso omwe amadziwa kale yankho. Chachiwiri, kulankhula ndi mbali imodzi yokha yolankhulirana, ndipo nthawi zambiri kulankhula bwino sikukwanira.
Kuti alankhule bwino, anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zambiri kuposa kulankhula. Amagwiritsa ntchito thupi (kugwiritsira ntchito maso, manja, manja, etc.), chinenero cha pragmatic (kugwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachinsinsi), ziganizo, slang, ndi luso lothandizira kutulutsa mawu, voliyumu, ndi zina zotsika. liwu). Zida zamatsengazi zimauza ena ngati tikusewera kapena tinkasewera, platonic kapena amorous, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuyankhulana kumaphatikizanso kumvetsetsa mtundu wakulankhulidwe komwe kuli koyenera pazochitika zina (ulemu pamsukulu, mokweza ndi abwenzi, ndi zina zotero).
Kulakwitsa kungapangitse kusamvana kwakukulu. Mwachitsanzo, mau akulu pamaliro angatanthauzidwe kukhala opanda ulemu, pamene kulankhula mwachizolowezi kusukulu kungathe kuwerengedwa ngati "nerdy."
Chifukwa Chimene Anthu Ali ndi Autism Ali ndi Mavuto Kulankhulana
Maluso onse okhudzana ndi kuyankhulana kumagwirizanitsa kumvetsetsa zoyembekezereka zamagulu, kuphatikizapo luso lodziyendetsa molingana ndi chidziwitso chimenecho.
Anthu omwe ali ndi autism samasowa maluso awo.
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito yothamanga kwambiri ya autist ( Asperger syndrome ) amadzimva okha wokhumudwa pamene kuyesera kwawo kulankhulana kukumana ndi masewero osakwanira kapena kuseka. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi autism angakhale:
- Kutsekedwa kapena zosazolowereka zoyankhula (ana ambiri autistic, mwachitsanzo, kuloweza malemba malemba ndi kubwereza iwo mawu ndi mawu ndi mawu enieni a otchulidwa TV)
- Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kapena kosalala
- Kusowa kwa slang kapena "kidspeak"
- Zovuta kumvetsa tanthauzo la mawu ndi chilankhulo cha thupi monga njira yowonong'oneza, zonyansa, zonyansa, ndi zina zotero.
- Kusayang'ana kwa diso
- Kulephera kutenga malingaliro a wina (kulingalira nokha mu nsapato za wina). Ulemalawu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "kusowa kwa" lingaliro la malingaliro. "
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amatha kuthetsa mavuto omwe amalankhulana nawo mwa kuphunzira malamulo ndi njira zothandizira anthu. Kawirikawiri, luso limeneli limaphunzitsidwa kuphatikizapo njira yothandizira kulankhula komanso maphunziro a zamakhalidwe abwino . Chowonadi, komabe, ndikuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zonse amveka bwino ndipo amawoneka osiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo.
Zolinga Zomangamanga Zolankhulirana Pakati pa Anthu
Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism (ndi ena akuluakulu) amagwira nawo ntchito zochiritsira zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuthetsa luso loyankhulana.
- Kuyankhula-Kulankhula kwa Chilankhulo sikungangoganizira za kutchulidwa kolondola, komanso kulankhulana, kuyankhulana, ndi kuyankhula, ndi mbali zina za kulankhula kwa pragmatic
- Thandizo Labwino la Anthu Lingaphatikizepo anthu odzipereka m'magulu omwe amafunika kuchita nawo, kuyanjana, ndi luso logwirizana
Zotsatira:
> Adams >, C. The Social Communication Intervention Project: Kuyesedwa kosavuta kwa kulankhula ndi chilankhulo cha ana a sukulu omwe ali ndi vuto lachidziwitso komanso lachikhalidwe lokhala ndi vuto la autism spectrum. Kusokonezeka kwa Commun J Lang. 2012 May-Jun; 47 (3): 233-44.
> doi >: 10.1111 / j.1460-6984.2011.00146.x.
> Tierney, CD et al. 'Ndiyang'aneni ine pamene ndikuyankhula ndi inu': umboni ndi kuunika kwa magulu othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi autism ndi mavuto oyankhulana ndi anthu. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2014 Apr; 26 (2): 259-64. > doi >: 10.1097 / MOP.0000000000000075.