Kusiyanasiyana kwa Prosody Kungakhudze Kulumikizana
Pafupifupi anthu onse okhala ndi autism ali ndi vuto lolankhula chinenero. Izi ndi zoona ngakhale kwa anthu omwe alibe kulankhula kuchedwa kapena zovuta ndi kutchulidwa. Ndicho chifukwa chinenero choyankhulidwa chimaphatikizapo zambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu; timasiyanitsa kutulutsa kwathu, kuthamanga, tempo, ndi nyimbo mukulankhula kwathu kuti tisonyeze matanthauzo osiyanasiyana. Kusintha uku kumatchedwa "prosody," ndipo anthu okhala ndi autism nthawi zambiri amavutika kumva, kumvetsa, kapena kuberekana.
Izi zikutanthawuza kuti ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndipamwamba kwambiri ogwira ntchito autism kapena matenda a Asperger sangamvetse kwenikweni zomwe zanenedwa, kapena akhoza kunena zinthu mwanjira yomwe iwo sakuzimvetsetsa.
Kupanga Chidziwitso cha Matenda
Kuti mumvetse bwino momwe mavitamini amagwirira ntchito (ndipo chifukwa chake ndi ofunika kwambiri), yesani kunena kuti "kwenikweni" kasanu ndi mzere motsatira, koma kusintha tanthawuzo nthawi iliyonse:
- Ndiko kodetsa bwanji ?!
- Ine sindikukukhulupirirani inu.
- Ndikudabwa.
- Ndimasangalala.
- Ndikunena zoona.
Ngati mwachita masewerawa, munasintha maulendo anu pafupipafupi za mawu, ngakhale kuti mawu anu otchulidwa (REE-lee) akhalabe ofanana. Nthawi zina mawu anu adakwera kapena pansi pamagulu osiyanasiyana kapena pazosiyana; Nthawi zina, liwu lanu linali lalikuru, lalifupi, mofulumira, pang'onopang'ono.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ena kwa Matendawa Kungakhale Kosokoneza Kwa Anthu Omwe Amakhala ndi Autism
Pamene anthu okhala ndi autism amagwiritsa ntchito chinenero, amaligwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni.
Chifukwa chake, kunyoza, zonyansa, ziganizo, mafanizo, ndi mafanizo zimatha kufika pamitu yawo.
Ndizomveka kumvetsa chifukwa chake izi zikanakhala choncho. Mwachitsanzo, mawu monga otsatirawa angatanthauze zinthu zosiyanasiyana mosiyana ndi mawu, mawu, ndi thupi; kusamvana kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa.
- Mnzanga akuti "ndimakukondani!" (koma amatanthauza "Ndimakonda kuti munavomera kundichitira kanthu")
- Wogwira naye ntchito akuti "Kodi mwakhala mukugwira ntchitoyi?" (koma amatanthawuza kuti "simunatsirize polojekitiyi, ndipo muyenera kuyambiranso zolakwika)
- Mlembi wamasitolo akuti "Muyenera kugula izi" (koma amatanthauza "Ndikufuna kuti mugule ichi, ndipo ndikuyesera kukumbitsani kuti muchite)
Kungakhale Kovuta kwa Anthu Ovomerezeka Kuti Azigwiritsa Ntchito Moyenera Prosody
Chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Asperger kapena autism opambana kwambiri ali ndi mawu ovuta, zovuta ndizogwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi chinenero sizimakhala zoonekera nthawi zonse-chifukwa wokamba nkhaniyo sali olumala. Zotsatira zake n'zakuti ocheza nawo angakhumudwitse kapena kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa ndi kusagwirizana.
Kuonjezera apo, anthu okhala ndi autism angapeze zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito prosody kufotokoza matanthauzo angapo kapena osabisa, motero amalepheretsa luso lawo loyankhulana.Zomwe zingayambitse nkhani zambiri zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu kuyambira pa zochititsa manyazi zochititsa manyazi kuti zidzanenedwa kapena kuzunzidwa .
Nkhani inanso yokhudzana ndi mavuto a prosody ndi mawu ophweka, nthawi zina amatanthauzidwa ngati kusowa chidwi, kusowa nzeru, kusasangalatsa, kapena kusowa kwa maganizo.
Ndipotu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri; ambiri ndi ojambula, olemba ndakatulo, ndi ojambula omwe maganizo awo amamveka mu luso lawo. Ndipo anthu ambiri okhala ndi autism ali ndi mantha ochititsa manyazi. Koma liwu lopanda pake, kuphatikizapo kusowa kwa mawu omveka, lingathe kumasuliridwa mosavuta.
Zothandizira Kugwiritsa Ntchito ndi Kumvetsetsa za Prosody
Palibe njira zothandizira zothandizira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi autism akulepheretsedwe kuwonongeka, ngakhale njira zowonongeka zikufufuzidwa. Ngati mukufuna kufufuza njira zomwe zingatheke kuti mupititse patsogolo mavitamini, mungafune kufufuza:
- Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito mwangwiro ndi kumangirira
- chithandizo chamankhulidwe cha pragmatic kupititsa patsogolo luso loyankhulana
- maluso othandizira anthu kuti azitha kumvetsetsa chilankhulo cha thupi ndi nkhani
- chithandizo cha masewero kuti azichita mgwirizano mwanjira yotetezeka, yolembedwa
Zotsatira:
> Gebauer, Line. Malingaliro achidziwitso okhudza mphamvu zowonjezera mu Autism Spectrum Disorder. Chipatala cha Neuroimage. 2014; 6: 370-378.Wotulutsidwa pa intaneti pa 2014 Oktobala 5. do: 10.1016 / j.nicl.2014.08.025
Heikkinen J. et al. "Kuzindikira zamaganizo kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe achinyamata akulankhula ndi Asperger's syndrome." Vocol yotchedwa Phoniatr Logoped. 2010 Oct; 35 (3): 113-20.
> McCann J1, Peppé S. Int J Lang Kulumikizana. Zowonongeka m'maganizo a autism spectrum: ndemanga yofunikira. 2003 Oct-Dec; 38 (4): 325-50. DOI: 10.1080 / 1368282031000154204