Kusewera ndi kovuta kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism
Ngati mwana wanu autistic ali ndi nthawi yovuta kusewera masewera, kudziyesa, kapena kuyanjana ndi ana ena omwe sali yekha. Ndi ana ochepa otchuka omwe amasewera "monga ana ena," ndipo ambiri amachita zinthu zomwe sizikuwoneka ngati maseŵero wamba. Izi zingapangitse makolo kukhala ovuta pamene akuyesa kupeza masabata ndi zosangalatsa za ana awo. Zingakhale zovuta kudziwa m'mene mungasewere ndi mwana wanu .
Momwe Maseŵera Ovomerezera Aliri Osiyana ndi Masewero Omwe Amagwira
Ana okhala ndi autism amasewera mosiyana ndi ana ena. Ngakhale akadakali aang'ono kwambiri, ana amodzi ndi otchuka kwambiri kuposa anzawo omwe amatha kuwongolera zinthu, kusewera okha, ndi kubwereza zomwezo mobwerezabwereza. Iwo sakhalanso ochepa kuti achite masewera omwe amafuna "kupanga kukhulupirira," kuyanjana, kapena kulankhulana ndi anthu.
N'zoona kuti ana ambiri opanda autism amayendetsa zinthu, kusewera okha, kapena amasewera masewera kapena masewera podzipangitsa kukhulupirira. Koma zofanana ndi ana ANTHU amatsanzira anzawo kuti aphunzire luso latsopano la masewera, agwirizane ndi ena, ndi kufunsa mafunso akasokonezeka. Ngati mwana wanu akuwoneka kuti sakudziwa ana ena kapena amawoneka kuti sangathe kuphunzira luso latsopano la masewero mwa kuwonetsa, kusonkhana, kapena kulankhulana mawu, mwina mukhoza kuyang'ana mbendera yofiira ya autism.
Nazi kusiyana komwe mungayang'anire:
- Zomwe amakonda kusewera ndekha nthawi zonse
- Kulephera kapena kusakhudzidwa kumvetsetsa malamulo ofunika kuwonetsera nawo (kutengera kutenga, kusewera, kutsatira malamulo a masewera kapena masewera a masewera)
- Kuchita zinthu zomwe zimawoneka ngati zopanda pake ndi kubwerezabwereza (kutsegula / kutsekera zitseko, kupaka zinthu, kupukuta chimbudzi, etc.)
- Kulephera kapena kusakhutira kuyanjana ndi achikulire kapena anzanu
- Zikuoneka kuti sizikudziwika ndi khalidwe la ana ena kapena mawu (kuyendayenda kupyolera gulu popanda kuzindikira kuti akusewera, kukwera pa slide popanda kuzindikira pali mzere, ndi zina zotero)
- Zikuoneka kuti sitingathe kumvetsa zofunikira za masewero ophiphiritsira (kudziyerekezera kuti ndi munthu wina kapena kudziyerekezera kuti chidole chiri ndi makhalidwe a umunthu, ndi zina zotero)
Zimene Autistic Play Zikuwoneka
Vuto la "Autistic" likhoza kuwoneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi masewero owonetsera. Ndipotu, sikuwoneka ngati kusewera konse. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri ana amatha kuchita masewera aumwini nthawi zambiri, ambiri amatha msanga "kusewera" pamene mwana wochuluka amachita nawo zomwezo panthawi imodzimodzi (ana awiri akujambula mu bukhu lofanana, Mwachitsanzo). Panthawi yomwe ali awiri kapena atatu, ana ambiri akusewera palimodzi, kugawana ntchito kapena kuyanjana kuti akwaniritse cholinga.
Izi sizili choncho kwa ana a autistic, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala "otanganidwa" m'magulu akale a masewera okhaokha. Nazi zochitika zina zomwe zimamveka bwino kwa makolo omwe ali ndi ana aang'ono kapena ana aang'ono pa spectrum:
- Mwana amaima pabwalo ndikukankhira masamba, mchenga, kapena dothi mumlengalenga mobwerezabwereza.
- Mwana amathera ndondomeko yomweyo mobwerezabwereza.
- Mwana amanyamulira zinthu zofanana ndizozake kapena amawakhumudwitsa kapena amakhumudwa ngati wina akuwakhumudwitsa.
- Mwana akugwiritsira ntchito magwiritsidwe mobwerezabwereza mobwerezabwereza.
Pamene ana omwe ali ndi autism amakula, luso lawo limakula. Ana awo omwe ali ndi luso lophunzira malamulo a masewera a masewera nthawi zambiri amatero. Izi zikachitika, komabe makhalidwe awo adakali osiyana ndi a ana ena. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza:
- Khalani olamulira-kotero kuti sangathe kupirira kusintha koyenera ku chiwerengero cha osewera, kukula kwa masewera, ndi zina.
- Pezani kuti simungathe kugawa masewera ndi ana ena (masewera a pakompyuta akhoza kukhala okhaokha)
- Ganizirani kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha masewera (kusonkhanitsa masewera a mpira popanda kutsatira kapena kusewera mpira wa mpira)
N'chifukwa Chiyani Amawopseza Ana Okhala ndi Autism?
N'chifukwa chiyani ana omwe ali ndi autism amasewera mosiyana? Ambiri akukumana ndi mavuto akuluakulu:
- Kusakhala ndi luso lotsanzira. Ana omwe amakula bwino amawonanso momwe ena amasewera ndi toyese ndikuwatsanzira. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wamba amene akutukuka angasankhe kulowetsa wina ndi mnzake nthawi yoyamba yomwe akusewera nawo. Koma mwamsanga pamene mwana yemwe akukula akuwona ena akumanga ndi zolemba, adzatsanzira khalidwelo. Mwana yemwe ali ndi autism sangadziwe kuti ena akusewera ndi zolemba zonse ndipo sangaoneke ndi khalidwe la ena ndipo kenaka amayamba kutsanzira khalidwelo.
- Kusakhala ndi luso losewera. Chizindikiro chowonetseratu ndi nthawi ina yodziyeretsera, ndipo ali ndi zaka zitatu, ana ambiri apanga zipangizo zogwiritsa ntchito zogwiritsa ntchito pophiphiritsa payekha komanso ndi ena. Angagwiritse ntchito toys monga momwe amachitira "nyumba" ndi khitchini wonyenga komanso kudya zakudya za pulasitiki. Kapena iwo akhoza kupanga zojambula zawo zokonzera kujambula, kutembenuza bokosi kukhala linga kapena chinyama chopangidwira kukhala wocheza naye. Ana omwe ali ndi autism kawirikawiri amakhala ndi luso la masewera popanda chithandizo. Angasangalale kuika injini pamsewu, koma sangachite nawo masewero, kumveka bwino, kapena kudziyerekezera ndi sitima zawo zamatope.
- Kusakhala ndi luso loyankhulana . Kuti apambane pochita masewero ndi kutsanzira, kawirikawiri kulera ana mwachangu kufunafuna chiyanjano ndi kulankhulana, ndipo mwamsanga kuphunzira "kuwerenga" zolinga za anthu ena. Ana omwe ali ndi autism amangokhala odzikonda okha, ndipo alibe chikhumbo chofuna kulankhula kapena kuyanjana ndi anzawo osewera nawo.
- Kusakhala ndi luso loyanjana . Maluso amodzimodzi ndi luso lomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tikamapita ku chinachake ndi munthu wina. Timagwiritsa ntchito luso lothandizira palimodzi tikamasewera masewera pamodzi, tayang'anani puzzles pamodzi, kapena kuganiza ndikugwira ntchito pawiri kapena gulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zambiri amavutika maluso.
Kuphunzitsa Amaphunziro Othandiza
Ngati kusowa maluso ndizovuta chizindikiro cha autism, kodi n'zotheka kuphunzitsa mwana ndi autism kusewera? Yankho, nthawi zambiri, ndilo YES yesitetezo. Ndipotu, njira zambiri zochiritsira zimayambira makamaka pomanga ndi kukonza maluso a masewero, ndipo makolo (ndi abale awo) akhoza kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Njira Yowonjezera Nthaŵi
- Kupititsa patsogolo Ubale wa Ubale (RDI)
- Pulojekiti Yomwe Amachita
- Zachilengedwe zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Zotsatira:
LC Murdock. "Ndiwonetseni Ine Kusewera: Kuonjezera Kuyesa Kujambula Msonkhano wa Ana Omwe Ali ndi Autism Spectrum Disorders." J Autism Dev Disord. 2010 Sep 25.
LC Murdock. "Kuphunzitsa luso lachidziwitso kwa ana aang'ono omwe ali ndi autism pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachibadwa zowonongeka: zotsatira za chilankhulo, kudziyerekeza, ndi kugwirizana." J Autism Dev Kusokonezeka. 2006 May; 36 (4): 487-505.
MM Manning. "Udindo wa masewera apamwamba ndiwongogwira ntchito mwa autism." J Autism Dev Kusokonezeka. 2010 May; 40 (5): 523-33.