Njira yowonjezereka anthu amamwa mankhwala amlomo (pakamwa). Malinga ndi zomwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani, mankhwala anu am'derali akhoza kumeza, kuyesedwa kapena kuikidwa pansi pa lilime lanu kuti liwonongeke.
Mankhwala omwe mumamwa amayenda kuchokera m'mimba mwathu kapena matumbo m'magazi anu ndipo amanyamulidwa kumadera onse a thupi lanu. Njirayi imadziwika ngati kuyamwa.
Kufulumira kumene kumayamwa kumapezeka kumadalira zinthu zingapo:
- Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mukuutenga (mwachitsanzo, madzi kapena piritsi)
- Kaya mutenga mankhwala anu, chakudya kapena chopanda kanthu
- Kukhoza kwa mankhwala anu kudutsa m'magazi anu - mankhwala ena ali ndi chovala chapadera ndikusungunuka pang'onopang'ono m'mimba mwanu
- Momwe mankhwala anu amachitira ndi ma asidi m'mimba mwanu
- Kaya mankhwala anu amakhudzana bwanji ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukuwatenga nthawi yomweyo
Ngati mwamsanga mukufunidwa, dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala omwe adzasungunuka m'kamwa mwanu ndikulowa mwamsanga magazi anu.
Mitundu ya Mankhwala Odzamwa
Mapiritsi ndi Capsules
Kawirikawiri, muyenera kutenga mapiritsi ndi makapulisi ndi madzi. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mapiritsi ena , monga Lipitor (Atorvastatin) ndi Viagra (Sildenafil), ndi madzi a mphesa angapangitse zotsatira zoopsa .
Kuonjezerapo, mkaka ukhoza kuletsa kuyamwa kwa mankhwala enaake, monga Cipro (Ciprofloxacin).
Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kapena wamasitolo adzakuuzani ngati muyenera kumwa mankhwala anu opanda kanthu kapena musanadye kapena mutadya. Mfundoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa chakudya m'mimba mwathu ndi m'matumbo kungasokoneze mankhwala anu kusungunula ndikulowa m'magazi anu.
Onetsetsani kutsatira ndondomeko ya mankhwala anu mosamala kwambiri.
Kuonjezera apo, musaphwanye, kuswa, kapena kutafuna kapsule kapena piritsi iliyonse musanameze. Mankhwala ambiri akhala akugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali kapena ali ndi zovala zenizeni ndipo amayenera kumeza. Ngati simukudziwa momwe mungatengere mankhwala anu, funsani mankhwala anu.
Ngati muli ndi vuto lomeza mankhwala anu, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu. Angathe kukupatsani mankhwala amadzimadzi kapena mapiritsi omwe ndi ochepa komanso osavuta kumeza.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Mankhwala amadzimadzi ndi abwino kwa ana ndi akulu (makamaka achikulire) omwe sangathe kumeza mapiritsi kapena makapisozi. Mankhwala ambiri amadzimadzi, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo , amapangidwira ana ndipo amavomereza kuti azisakaniza mankhwala.
Musanayese mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala amadzimadzi, onetsetsani kuti mugwedeze botolo monga mankhwala ena angakhale "atakhazikika" pansi.
Kawirikawiri, mudzauzidwa kuti muyese mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito supuni ya tiyi (chonde kumbukirani kuti supuniyi ndi yaying'ono kusiyana ndi supuni). Kwa dokotala ndi mankhwala, supuni ya supuni imatanthawuza mankhwala a 5 ml (milliliters). Ma teaspoons ambiri apanyumba ali osiyana siyana ndipo amakhala osachepera 5 ml.
Choncho, mukhoza kupeza mankhwala ochepa kwambiri kapena ochepa kwambiri pa supuni yanu.
Yesani mankhwala anu amadzi mosamala! Funsani msika wanu wa mankhwala kuti mugwiritse ntchito supuni, kapu ya mankhwala, mankhwala othandizira mankhwala, kapena syringe popanda singano pofuna kutengera mankhwala. Katswiri wanu wamalonda angakuwonetseni momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito izi moyenera. Mankhwala ambiri amadzimadziwa amadza ndi mankhwala ochepa omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa botolo.
Ngati mankhwala alamula mwana kapena mwana wamng'ono, onetsetsani kuti mukulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala za mlingo woyenera, kapena kuchuluka kwake, kwa mankhwala amadzi kwa mwana wanu.
Mankhwala amodzimodzi ndi a Buccal
Mankhwala ena amaikidwa pansi pa lilime (pamagulu ang'onoang'ono) kapena pakati pa mano ndi masaya (buccal). Mankhwalawa amathamangira mwamsanga m'magazi kudzera m'kamwa mwa pakamwa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa zizindikiro nthawi yomweyo.
Zitsanzo zina za mankhwala ovomerezeka ndi mankhwala a nitrostat ndi zina zotchedwa nitroglycerin zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira angina ( kupweteka pachifuwa ) ndi Suboxone (buprenorphine ndi naloxone), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a heroin ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mitundu Yina ya Mankhwala Operekedwa
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala ambiri amamwa amamwa, ena amatulutsidwa m'kamwa mwafunafuna, kutaya pang'onopang'ono kapena kusungunuka pa lilime. Ambiri mwa mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa pa-counter-counter.
Ma mapiritsi otheka ayenera kufufuzidwa mpaka atasungunuka. Ma mapiritsi osasunthika sakuyenera kumeza. Zitsanzo za mapiritsi osakanikirana ndi monga Tylenol Chewable ndi mavitamini ambiri a ana.
Mankhwala a chewing gum ali ndi nthawi yochepa yomwe amayenera kufufuzidwa pofuna kutsimikizira kuti mankhwala onsewa atulutsidwa, nthawi zambiri mpaka mphindi 30. Zitsanzo za mafupa a kutafuna ndi monga Nicorette Gum (nikotini) ndi Aspergum (aspirin).
Lozenges amayenera "kuyamwa" ngati ngati maswiti ovuta ndipo amaloledwa kutuluka pang'onopang'ono pakamwa panu. Iwo sayenera kumeza. Zitsanzo za lozenges ndi mankhwala monga Commit (nicotine) ndi Cepacol (benzocaine).
Mankhwala a softchew amatanthauza kusungunuka m'kamwa mwanu kapena kufufuza. Zitsanzo za mankhwala a Softchew ndi Triaminic Softchew Cold ndi Mankhwala Opatsirana (chlorpheniramine ndi pseudoephedrine) ndi Rolaids Soft Chew (calcium carbonate).
Malangizo pa Mapiritsi Okulitsa
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi kungakhale zovuta komanso zosasangalatsa kwa ena. Ngati muli ndi vuto lomeza mapiritsi, palinso zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muwathandize. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri ofufuza a ku Germany anapeza chipambano pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi. Njira imeneyi inayesedwa ndi mapiritsi.
- Tsegulani botolo la madzi kapena botolo la soda lodzaza madzi.
- Ikani piritsilo m'lilankhulo lanu ndipo mutseke pakamwa panu pafupi ndi kutsegula kwa botolo.
- Bwezerani mutu wanu ndikusunga pakamwa panu mu botolo la madzi. Musalole mpweya uliwonse m'kamwa mwako. Sungani madzi m'kamwa mwako ndikumeza piritsi ndi madzi.
Chonde dziwani kuti izi sizinayesedwe kwambiri, ndipo ngati mukufuna, muyenera kukambirana njirayi ndi dokotala musanayese. Komanso, ngati muli ndi vuto lakumeza zambiri, muyenera kuyesedwa ndi dokotala wanu wa dysphagia.
Pamapeto pake, nthawi zonse werengani malangizowa mosamala komanso mutenge mankhwala anu monga momwe mukufunira. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena zodandaula, funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala.
> Zotsatira:
> Schiele JT et al. Njira ziwiri Zolimbitsira Mapiritsi Ochepetsa. Annals of Family Medicine. 2014; 12 (6): 550-562.