Pafupifupi mwana aliyense ali ndi Autism angapindule ndi kulankhula mankhwala
Kodi Kwenikweni Ndi Wotanthauzira Mawu?
Thandizo la kulankhula limaphatikizapo chithandizo cha kulankhulana ndi kuyankhulana - zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndilo gawo lalikulu kwambiri. Wodwala wolankhula mawu ovomerezeka (nthawi zina amatchedwa wodwala) ayenera kugwira digiri ya master. Munthu ameneyo angagwire ntchito payekha, kuchipatala, sukulu, kapena chikhazikitso, ndipo akhoza kugwira ntchito ngati gawo la gulu la maphunziro.
Amagwiritsira ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zofunikira, kuchokera kuzinyala ndi masewera monga masewero olimbitsa thupi komanso zolemba zachinsinsi.
Kodi Munthu Amene Ali ndi Autism Afunika Kuwona Wotani?
Pafupifupi aliyense amene amapezeka ndi vuto la autism spectrum adzalimbikitsidwa kuti azitha kulankhula. Izi zingawoneke zosamvetsetseka, chifukwa anthu ambiri oterewa sangakhale mawu (pamapeto pake) kapena mawu omveka bwino (pamapeto pake). Koma ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi mawu omwe ali ndi Asperger Syndrome amatha kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika komanso kusamvetsetsa chilankhulo nthawi zonse. Ndipo ngakhale anthu osalankhula amatha kukhala ndi luso loyankhulana - ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi maluso oyankhulidwa pakapita nthawi.
Kodi Wotanthauzira Mawu Akutani Kwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Autism?
Mankhwala amalankhula zambiri kuposa kungophunzitsa mwana kulankhula molondola mawu. Ndipotu, wochiritsira wogwira ntchito wogwira ntchito ndi mwana wa autistic kapena wamkulu angagwiritse ntchito maluso osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo:
- Kulankhulana kopanda mawu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuphunzitsa kulankhulana, kapena kuphunzitsidwa ndi PECS (makhadi owonetserako zithunzi) , zipangizo zamagetsi zamakono, ndi zida zina zosalankhulana.
- Kulankhulana. Zonse ndi zabwino ndikudziwa momwe munganene "bwino m'mawa." Koma ndi zofunika kwambiri kudziwa nthawi, momwe mungayankhulire ndi ndani.
- Kulankhulana. Kudziwa momwe mungalankhulire si chinthu chofanana ndi kupitiriza kukambirana. Othandizira amalankhu angagwiritse ntchito kusinthanitsa mmbuyo ndi kunja, nthawi zina kumatchedwa "kugwirizana."
- Maluso a malingaliro. Kulingalira kwa munthu kuti asinthe malingaliro osazindikira sikungosonyeze kuti amatha kumvetsa. Nthawi zambiri anthu okhulupilira amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta ndi maganizo monga "ochepa," "chilungamo," ndi "ufulu." Olemba mauthenga angagwiritse ntchito luso lokonza maluso.
- Maluso. Pamodzi ndi ochita masewero, odwala, ogwira ntchito zachipatala , ndi anthu pazinthu zina zamakono monga chithandizo chokongoletsa ndi zojambulajambula, olemba malankhulidwe nthawi zambiri amathandiza anthu okhala ndi autism kumanga luso loyankhulana. Maluso amenewa akuphatikizapo kuthekera kufunsa ndi kuyankha mafunso, kuyima pamtunda woyenera kuchokera kwa wokambirana naye, fufuzani "maganizo" a chipinda (kapena munthu), ndi zina.
Kodi Ndingapeze Bwanji Wopereka Oyenerera Oyankhula?
Chifukwa chakuti mankhwala olankhula chinenero amalimbikitsidwa, ndizowonjezereka kuti inshuwaransi yanu ya zachipatala idzaphimba zonse kapena mbali imodzi ya mtengo. N'zodziwikiratu kuti sukulu ya mwana wanu kapena wopereka thandizo loyambako adzapereka ntchito kwaulere. Ngati mutasankha kupita padera, mungafunikire kulipilira wodwalayo pasadakhale ndikupempha kubwezera kampani yanu ya inshuwalansi.
Nthawi zonse ndi zofunika kukumbukira, komabe, kuti wodwala aliyense ayenera kukhala macheza abwino pa zofuna za mwana wanu. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, mudzafuna kukambirana, kuyankhulana, ndi kuwona wodwalayo pamene akugwira ntchito ndi mwana wanu. Mwinanso mutha kufunsa wodwalayo malemba kuchokera kwa makolo omwe ali ndi ana omwe zosowa zawo zili zofanana ndi za mwana wanu. Odwala ena amawopsya ndi ana a mawu koma osagwira ntchito ndi ana osalankhula, komanso mosiyana.
Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza kupeza wothandizira olankhula chinenero chamalankhula, funsani gulu la American Speech-Language-hearing (ASHA).