Thandizo Labwino Lilikulu Kwambiri Kuposa Kulemba Manambala
Malingana ndi American Occupational Therapy Association, chithandizo cha ntchito ndi "chithandizo chamaluso chomwe chimathandiza anthu kupeza ufulu pazochitika zonse za moyo wawo. Thandizo la ntchito limathandizira anthu kuti apange 'luso la ntchito ya moyo' zofunika pamoyo wodzikonda ndi wokhutiritsa."
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, opaleshoni zamagwira ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito maluso osiyanasiyana ndi anthu a mibadwo yonse.
Chifukwa chake, njira za opaleshoni zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, malingana ndi maphunziro a munthu mmodzi, malo okhudzidwa, malo ogwira ntchito, ndi maluso ake. Nthawi zina, OT amamatira ndi zofunikira: kuthandiza anthu kukonza manja ndi kukwaniritsa "ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku" monga kutsegula mitsuko, pogwiritsa ntchito lumo, ndi zina zotero. Ambiri a OT, komabe, athandiza zofuna zawo ndi masewera olimba kuti athe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri za kasitomala.
Kodi Munthu Amene Ali ndi Autism Afunika Kuwona Wotani?
Pankhani ya autism, opaleshoni ya odwala (OT) akhala akufutukula kwambiri ntchito yawo. Kale, mwachitsanzo, wogwira ntchito wothandizira ntchito angakhale atagwira ntchito ndi munthu wodzipereka kuti akhale ndi luso lolemba, kulemba malaya, nsapato, ndi zina zotero. Koma masiku ano akatswiri a zachipatala omwe amadziwika bwino ndi autism angakhalenso akatswiri ophatikizana (zovuta pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro opyolera mu malingaliro) kapena angagwire ntchito ndi makasitomala awo pa luso la masewera, luso lawo, ndi zina.
Kodi Katswiri Wopanga Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Amachita Chiyani kwa Anthu Okhala ndi Autism?
Ogwira ntchito zachipatala amachitadi ntchito zamakono. Ndipotu, kulembetsa manja ndilo cholinga chachikulu cha OT akugwira ntchito kusukulu. Koma kuwonjezera apo, popeza anthu omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zambiri alibe zofunikira za chikhalidwe ndi zaumwini zomwe zimafunikira kuti azikhala okhaokha, opaleshoni yapamwamba apanga njira zogwirira ntchito pa zosowa zonsezi.
Mwachitsanzo, akhoza:
- Perekani njira zothandizira ana kuti athandize mwana kuyankha bwino, kumveka, kugwira, kununkhiza, ndi zina. Kupewera kungaphatikizepo kusuntha, kusakaniza, kusewera mu dzenje la mpira komanso ntchito zina zomwe zimathandiza kuthandiza mwana kusamalira thupi lake mlengalenga.
- Limbikitsani ntchito zosewera zomwe zimalangiza komanso kuthandiza mwana kuti aziyankhulana ndi ena. Kwa OT omwe amagwiritsa ntchito autism, izi zikhoza kumasulira mwachindunji mankhwala ochizira, monga Floortime, omwe anapangidwa kuti apange luso laumaganizo ndi malingaliro komanso maluso.
- Konzani njira zothandizira kusintha kwa munthu aliyense kuchokera pa malo osiyana kupita ku wina, kuchokera pa munthu mmodzi kupita kwina, komanso kuchokera ku moyo umodzi kupita ku wina. Kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi autism, izi zingaphatikizepo njira zabwino zothetsera kusintha kuchokera kunyumba ndi kusukulu; Kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi autism, angaphatikize luso la ntchito, luso lophika ndi zina zambiri.
- Pangani njira zowonongeka ndi njira zowonjezera zolemala zooneka bwino (mwachitsanzo, kuphunzitsa keyboarding pamene kulemba sikungatheke, kusankha chovala cholemetsa kuti chikulitse kuwonetsetsa, ndi zina zotero)
Kodi Ndingapeze Bwanji Wophunzira Wogwira Ntchito?
Ma OT nthawi zambiri amawaphatikizira ngati gawo limodzi la pulogalamu yothandiza ana kapena autism, ndipo OT angayang'ane kapena agwirizane ndi chigawo cha sukulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amatha kuthandiza makolo kupeza mapulogalamu oyambirira omwe angapezeke kudzera mu dipatimenti yowonongeka ndi boma. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi autism akhoza kupeza ntchito za OT kupyolera mu mapulogalamu olemala okhudzidwa kapena mabungwe othandizira anthu. Kawirikawiri, Occupational Therapy ikhoza kuthandizidwa ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo komanso / kapena Medicaid.
> Zotsatira:
> Hebert, Michelle et al. Kodi Mankhwala Ogwira Ntchito Amagwira Ntchito Yolankhulana Kwa Ana Okhala ndi Autism Spectrum Disorders? International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Vol 16, Iss 6, 2014.
> Kelder, Shaunna; Langill, Jennifer E ;; Reiss, Carol A .; ndi Socia, Nicole F., Mmene Amakhudzidwira ndi Ntchito Zopangira Ntchito Zomwe Achinyamata Amachita Pogwiritsa Ntchito Mgwirizano Wophunzitsa Ana Okalamba Akulu Okhala ndi Autism Spectrum Disorder. (2017). Matenda . 10.