Zomwe Iwo Amachita ndi Mmene Zingatengere Izo
Ngati adokotala atumizira Metformin matenda a shuga kapena ntchito ina, kodi mankhwalawa ndi otani? Kodi ndi njira iti yabwino yothetsera vutoli? Kodi ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe mungakumane nazo ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani nkofunika kudziwa izi?
Mwachidule
Malinga ndi bungwe la American Diabetes Association Standards of Care, Metformin, ngati iloledwa, ndi mankhwala opatsirana oyambirira a shuga a mtundu wa mtundu wa shuga 2 chifukwa ndiwothandiza kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi shuga ya mtundu wa 1 , anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 amachititsa insulini. Vuto ndilokuti iwo samapanga insulini yokwanira kapena insulini yomwe amapanga sagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Metformin ndi mankhwala osalowerera ndale omwe amathandiza thupi kugwiritsa ntchito insulini. Kuperewera kwa thupi kumatanthauza kuti sikugwirizana ndi kulemera kwapadera monga mankhwala ena a shuga.
Mofanana ndi mankhwala onse, Metformin ikhoza kubweretsa mavuto ena, ena omwe ndi ofunika kudziwa.
Momwe Ikugwirira Ntchito
Metformin ndi ya mankhwala omwe amatchedwa biguanides , omwe amachokera ku lilac ya Chifalansa. Metformin imathandiza kuchepetsa shuga wa magazi pogwiritsira ntchito insulini komanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa insulini (kupanga thupi lanu kukhala lovuta kwambiri ku insulini.)
Anthu ambiri okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 amakhala ndi maselo olemera kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti insulini isagwire ntchito yake, ndipo pamapeto pake maselowo amatha kusagwirizana ndi insulini. Pamene maselo amakhala osagonjetsedwa ndi insulini, insulini silingathe kutsogolera shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku maselo kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu, ndipo m'malo mwake shuga imakhalabe mwazi.
Zotsatira zake n'zakuti chiwindi chimayambitsa kupanga shuga chifukwa zimaganiza kuti thupi limafunikira mafuta ndipo mphukira zimapanga insulini. Mumayendayenda ndi chisokonezo-shuga wambiri wamagazi komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini. Metformin imathandiza kubwezeretsa chizoloŵezi chowonjezereka mwa kuchepetsa mphamvu ya insulini komanso kuchepetsa kupanga shuga wochitidwa ndi chiwindi.
Zochita Zina
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga, nthawi zina metformin imagwiritsidwa ntchito "kuchoka pamatope" mu polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ngati chithandizo chopatsa chonde, monga kuperewera kwa thupi, kapena kuchiza matenda a shuga. Kafukufuku pakalipano akuyesa kuti zowonjezeka zapulumuka anthu omwe ali ndi khansa zingapo monga khansara yamapapo, khansara ya m'mawere, ndi khansara ya chikhodzodzo omwe athandizidwa ndi metformin. Kafukufuku winanso apeza kuti metformin imafuna njira zambiri pakukula kwa khansa. Metformin imaphunziranso zotsatira zake pa chithokomiro chifukwa zikuwoneka kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha goiters, nodules, ndi khansa ya chithokomiro.
Pamene Muyenera Kuzitenga
Ndikoyenera kuti anthu atenge Metformin ndi chakudya pamene zonsezi zimawonjezera kuyamwa kwake m'mimba ndipo zimachepetsanso zotsatira zoyipa za m'mimba, kutsekula m'mimba, ndi mseru. Kawirikawiri, anthu ambiri atsopano ku Metformin amatha kutenga chakudya chachikulu kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti mutenge Metformin, muyenera kuyesetsa kuzitenga nthawi yomweyo.
Kuyambira Metformin
Metformin ndi mankhwala omwe ayenera kuwonjezeka kapena kutchulidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti athetse vuto lililonse lakumimba pamene liyamba. Kodi izi zimatenga nthawi yaitali bwanji, zimadalira zomwe wodwala wathanzi akukuuzani komanso momwe mumamvera mankhwala (mankhwalawa ali ndi mlingo umodzi)?
Mwachitsanzo, munthu yemwe ali watsopano ku Metformin ndipo wapatsidwa 2000mg kawiri pa tsiku akhoza kuyamba kutenga 500mg kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chakudya chamlungu. Pa sabata ziwiri, adzatenga 500mg ndi kadzutsa ndi 500mg ndi chakudya chamadzulo. Pa sabata itatu, adatenga 1000mg ndi chakudya chamadzulo ndi 500mg ndi kadzutsa. Ndipo pamlungu sabata, iye adzakhala chithandizo chake chochizira-kutenga 1000mg ndi kadzutsa ndi 1000mg ndi chakudya chamadzulo.
Panthawi yonse ya kutchulidwa, muyenera kuyang'ana dzuwa. Ngati mukumva shuga wotsika kwambiri kapena zotsatira zina, mufunsane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti mankhwalawo asinthidwe moyenera.
Pamene mukukaikira-nthawizonse funsani.
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Anthu amadandaula kwambiri za Metformin chifukwa chakuti amachititsa mpweya ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Izi zikhoza kuchepetsedwa powonjezereka mlingo pang'onopang'ono. Ngati mukupeza kutsekula m'mimba kapena gasi, onetsetsani kuti mukumane ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti muwone kuti mukumwa mankhwala moyenera.
Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka monga gasi kapena kutsegula m'mimba, funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za mankhwala omwe atulutsidwa - ndi nthawi yomwe imatulutsidwa mankhwala omwe angathandize kupewa zotsatira za m'mimba. Mavesi omasulidwawa amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku ndi chakudya chamadzulo.
Zotsatira Zina za Metformin
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ambiri a shuga, Metformin siyimayambitsa hypoglycemia (shuga wotsika magazi). Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala a shuga , Metformin siimapangitsa kulemera kwake komanso imathandizira kulemera kwake.
Zotsatira zina za Metformin zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri. Imodzi mwa zotsatirazi ndi lactic acidosis. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro atsopano amasonyeza kuti izi ndi zachilendo zomwe sizigwirizana ndi Metformin, chiopsezo cha lactic acidosis chikuwonjezeka kwa onse omwe ali ndi matenda a impso komanso omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Lactic acidosis imachitika pamene lactic acid imamanga m'magazi ndipo imayambitsa thupi kuti lizizira shuga popanda mpweya wokhala m'malo mwa mpweya wabwino. Anthu osati pa Metformin akhoza kukhala ndi lactic acidosis kuchokera ku zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda aakulu, kuvulala, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zizindikiro za lactic acidosis zokhudzana ndi Metformin zikhoza kukhala zofatsa kapena zovuta ndipo zingakhale kuphatikiza mpweya, kutupa, kufooka, ndi ululu wa minofu. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro izi mutatenga Metformin muyenera kupeza thandizo lachipatala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati lactic acidosis sichitsatiridwa, izi zimabweretsa mavuto aakulu kapena imfa (kumangidwa kwa mtima.)
Metformin ikhoza kuthetsa vuto la B12 , vuto lomwe limatchedwa "vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi" ndipo lingathe kuwonongeke kwamuyaya. Kulephera kwa B12 kumagwirizananso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha zilonda . Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuchepa kwa B12 zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, kumalira m'makutu, ndi kuvutika maganizo. Kwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito metformin, nkofunika kuti ma B12 anu ayang'anire bwino kotero kuti kusowa kwa vitamini kungathetsedwe musanafike kusowa.
Mayina Amodzi
Metformin ikhoza kupita ndi mayina angapo, omwe amasokoneza anthu ambiri. Maina wamba a Metformin ndi awa:
- Fortamet
- Glucophage
- Glucophage XR
- Glumetza
- Riomet
Metformin ikhoza kuphatikizidwanso ndi mankhwala ena a shuga. Ngati simukudziwa zomwe mukuzitenga kapena momwe mankhwala anu amagwirira ntchito muyenera kufunsa wothandizira zaumoyo wanu:
- Metha Actoplus (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Pioglitazone)
- Avandamet (okhala ndi Metformin, Rosiglitazone)
- Glucovance (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Glyburide)
- Invokamet (okhala ndi Metformin HCl / Canagliflozin)
- Janumet (okhala ndi Metformin, Sitagliptin)
- Janumet XR (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Sitagliptin)
- Jentadueto (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Linagliptin)
- Kazano (yomwe ili ndi Metformin / Alogliptin)
- Kombiglyze XR (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Saxagliptin)
- Metaglip (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Glipizide)
- Prandimet (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Repaglinide)
- Synjardi (yomwe ili ndi Metformin, Jardiance)
- Xi Guo XR ( okhala ndi Metformin HCl, Dapagliflozin)
Mawu Ochokera
Metformin ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya mankhwala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ndipo akulimbikitsidwa ngati mankhwala omwe amasankhidwa amayamba panthawi yomwe akudziwiratu kwa omwe alibe kutsutsana (chifukwa chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa). sizothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga ya mtundu wa I. Metformin imathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa insulini kuphatikizapo njira zina zothandizira. Mosiyana ndi matenda ambiri a shuga, sizimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolemera komanso alibe mankhwala a hypoglycemia , omwe angakhale ovuta kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi gasi zimakhala zachilendo poyambitsa mankhwala, koma nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kulembetsa mlingo pamwamba pa nthawi. Zovuta zochepa koma zotsatira zoopsa zingakhale ndi lactic acidosis ndi B12. Kudziwa zowoneka kuti zizindikiro za lactic acidosis ndi kufufuza B12 zingathetse mavuto aakulu.
Ngakhale metformin ndiyi yabwino kwambiri yothetsera matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, njira zamoyo zimayendera monga zakudya zabwino ndi kuchepetsa kuchepa (mwa iwo omwe ali olemera kwambiri) ndiyo njira zofunika kwambiri zothetsera insulin kukana ndikupewa zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za matenda a shuga.
> Zotsatira:
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Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: Maphunziro a Mc Graw-Hill, 2015. Print.
> Lalau, J., Kaibaf, F., Protti, A. et al. Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA): Kupita ku Paradigm Yatsopano. Matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi Metabolism . 2017 Apr 17. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).
> Thomas, I., ndi B. Gregg. Mchitidwe; Kupenda kwa Mbiri yake ndi Tsogolo: Kuchokera ku Lilac mpaka kuutali. Matenda a shuga . 2017. 18 (): 10-16.