Biguanides ndichidule cha mankhwala a shuga a m'thupi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2, umene metformin ndi chizindikiro chachibadwa. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito shuga yomwe imachokera ku chimbudzi. Sizimayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemia komanso ngakhale kuthandizira kulemera ndi kuchepetsa nambala ya cholesterol . Ndizo mankhwala omwe amalembedwa kawirikawiri kwa mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wa 2.
- Komanso : Metformin, Glucophage
- Biguanides: Zowona za mankhwala awa
- Metformin : Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwira ntchito.
Mankhwala a Biguanide a Shuga
Metformin ndi chimanga chachikulu chomwe chikugulitsidwa pa msika wochizira matenda a shuga . Glucophage (metformin) ndi Glucophage XR (releaseform-release release) ndizodziwika kwambiri mwa mankhwalawa. Malembo ena olembedwawo ndi Fortamet, Glumetza, ndi Riomet. Amapezanso mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena a shuga.
Biguanides anali oyamba kuchokera ku lilac ya Chifalansa, yomwe imatchedwanso mbuzi ya mbuzi, Galega officinalis. Kafufuzidwe pa zotsatira za kuchepa kwa magawo a shuga m'magazi kunayambitsa chitukuko cha zochepa zochokera poizoni. Mankhwala ena a zitsamba angaphatikizepo chomera ichi, koma ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a shuga muyenera kusamala chifukwa cha kuyanjana.
Mitundu ina ya biguanides inakhazikitsidwa koma inachotsedwa pamsika. Izi zikuphatikizapo phenformin, yomwe inayamba mu 1957 panthawi imodzimodzi ndi metformin koma inachoka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 chifukwa idagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha lactic acidosis.
Izi zinali, mwatsoka, akupha pakati pa milandu.
Buformin inakhazikitsidwa ku Germany mu 1957 koma sinagulitsidwe konse ku United States. Iyenso anapezeka kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha lactic acidosis. Anachotsedwa pamsika m'mayiko ambiri koma amapezekanso mwa ena.
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake kwa shuga, mitundu ina ya biguanides imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a malungo, proguanil, ndi chlorproguanil.
Kodi Biguanides Zimagwira Ntchito Bwanji Shuga?
Metformin imayesetsa kuthetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu. Sichikuthandizani kuchuluka kwa insulini imene mumayambitsa, koma imayambitsa insulini . Izi zimathandiza maselo anu kutenga glucose kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu zawo, amachepetsa kupanga shuga mu chiwindi, ndipo amachepetsanso shuga m'magazi anu. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa shuga m'matumbo kumabweretsa lactic acid, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi chiwindi koma ikhoza kumayambitsa mbali ya lactic acidosis. Metformin siyambitsa matenda a hypoglycemia, omwe ndi opambana pa mankhwala ena a shuga. Sizimapangitsanso kulemera kwake ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepetsera mavuto ena a mtima.
Nthawi zambiri matendawa amatha kuperekedwa kwa mtundu wa shuga 2 pamene matenda sangathe kuyendetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo wokha. Ndi mankhwala amlomo, choncho akhoza kutengedwa ngati piritsi kapena madzi. Malingana ndi mawonekedwe, amachitidwa kamodzi katatu tsiku ndi tsiku. Pali mitundu yowonjezera-kutulutsidwa komanso mawonekedwe omwe amafunika kutengedwa ndi zakudya. Malangizo ayenera kutsatiridwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera kwa mankhwala.
Monga matenda a shuga akupita, jekeseni wa insulini imafunika kuti shuga ya magazi ndi metformin zisagwiritsidwe ntchito kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya thupi yogwiritsira ntchito insulini.
> Zotsatira:
> Bailey CJ, "Biguanides ndi NIDDM," Chisamaliro cha Shuga, 1992 Jun, 15 (6) 755-72.
> Metformin, MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine, 2/15/2015
> Krentz AJ, Bailey CJ. "Oral antidiabetic agents: ntchito yamakono ya mtundu wa shuga 2." Mankhwala. 2005; 65 (3): 385-411.