Malangizo a Kanseri ya Kachiberekero Kuchokera ku ACS ndi ACOG
Mwinamwake mwamvapo za zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri kuti amayi azikhala ndi mapepala a Pap. Ngakhale kuti amayi okhwima ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a Pap kamodzi pachaka, mabungwe azachipatala (mwachitsanzo, American Cancer Society) tsopano awonetsera nthawi yake kwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.
Palinso ndondomeko pamalo a nthawi ndi nthawi yomwe mkazi ayenera kuyesedwa ndi HPV.
Phunziro la HPV limadziwika kuti amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo koopsa kwambiri ka HPV zomwe zingachititse khansa yapachibelekero ngati sichidziwitsidwa kapena kusatulutsidwa.
Ndicho, mwachidule ndondomeko zomwe zikuperekedwa kuchokera ku mabungwe awiri azachipatala: American Cancer Society (ACS) ndi American College of Obstetricians ndi Gynecologists (ACOG).
Malangizo a kansa ya chiberekero Kutsata kwa Akazi Oyenera
Mayi ayambe kuyesa kansa ya pachibelekero, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi mapepala oyambirira a pap, ali ndi zaka 21, mosasamala kanthu kuti akugonana kapena ayi. Ndiye, pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 21 ndi 30, mkazi ayenera kukhala ndi pap smear zaka zitatu zilizonse.
M'mawu ena, ngati mapepala anu oyambirira a pap smear ali ndi zaka 21, wotsatira wanu adzakhala ndi zaka 24, kenaka ali ndi zaka 27, kenaka ali ndi zaka 30. Panthawi imeneyi, kuyesa kwa HPV sikuvomerezedwa.
Ali ndi zaka 30, amai ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi kachilombo ka HPV komanso mapepala ake a Pap.
Ngati mkazi amasankha kukhala ndi mapepala a Pap smear ndi HPV, akhoza kuyembekezera zaka zisanu pakati pa mayesero. Ngati asankha kukhala ndi pepala la Pap, ndiye kuti liyenera kubwerezedwa zaka zitatu zilizonse.
Inde, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti izi zimatenga mapepala a mayi ndi apadera komanso kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino. Azimayi amene akhala ndi mapepala a Pap aperesi omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HPV, kapena ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha khansara ya chiberekero angafunikire kufufuzidwa kawirikawiri.
Mwachitsanzo, mayi wazaka 21 yemwe ali ndi mapulogalamu a Pap ochepa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, zotsatira za pap smear zimasonyeza LSIL ) ziyenera kukhala ndi pap smear yomwe imabwereza chaka chimodzi, mosiyana ndi kuyembekezera zaka zitatu.
Pamapeto pake, ndikofunika kutsatira ndondomeko za dokotala wanu, ndipo ngati simukudziwa bwino, pitani ku ofesi ya dokotala kuti mutsimikizire kuti mukudziwa zotsatirazi.
Malangizo a Kanseri ya Chiberekero Kuwongolera Pap Smears
Malingana ndi a American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, ali ndi zaka 65, amayi omwe ali ndi nthenda zitatu ("yachibadwa") Pap smears mndandanda kapena mayeso awiri osagwirizana (kutanthauza kuti "yachibadwa" Pap smear ndi negative HPV test) akhoza amalephera kukhala ndi mapepala a Pap.
Izi zikuganiza kuti mapepala apamaphunziro aposachedwapa apangidwa m'zaka zisanu zapitazi komanso kuti mayi alibe mbiri ya maselo osakanizika omwe ali ochepa kapena mbiri ya khansa ya pachibelekero.
Malangizo a Kuyeza Kachiberekero kwa Akazi Aakulu Oopsa
Azimayi omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha khansara ya chiberekero angafunike kuwonjezera pafupipafupi za Pap. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo chokwanira, monga amayi omwe ali ndi HIV. Azimayi omwe amavomereza kuti ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a khansa amafunikanso kuwona kansa ya pachibelekero nthawi zambiri.
Ngati gulu lanu la chisamaliro limalangiza kuyesedwa kobwerezabwereza, kambiranani zifukwa zawo kuti mumvetse chifukwa chake chikuchitiramu.
Malangizo a Khansa ya Chiberekero Kuwunika kwa Akazi Amene Anakhala ndi Hysterectomy
Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, amayi omwe ali ndi hysterectomy, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiberekero ndi kachilombo kaŵirikaŵiri zachotsedwa, safunikanso kuwonanso. Komabe, izi zimangogwira ntchito kwa amayi omwe alibe hysterectomy monga chithandizo cha khansa yoyamba khansa kapena khansara. Ngati ndi choncho, kufufuza kuyenera kupitilizidwa, monga maselo achiberekero angakhale alipo pamwamba pa abambo.
Azimayi amene adzizidwa ndi chiberekero cha chiberekero (kutanthauza kuti chiberekero chachotsedwa, osati chibelekero) ayenera kutsatira malangizo monga mwachizolowezi.
Mawu Ochokera
Uthenga wotenga kunyumba ndi wakuti ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino, simukuyenera kukhala ndi Pap smear pachaka. Koma mukufunikira kuyesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, monga zaka zitatu kapena zisanu, malinga ndi msinkhu wanu komanso ngati mumayesedwa ndi HPV.
Mosasamala kanthu, komabe kuwonera dokotala wanu wa amayi kapena dokotala wa banja kamodzi pa chaka kuti mzimayi wabwino azicheza ndizofunika, ngakhale simukuyenera chifukwa cha mapepala a Pap. Paulendo umenewu, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa kuyeza kwa msana ndi kuyamwa, ndikupatseni chitsogozo chothandizira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. (2016). Malangizo a American Cancer Society of Prevention and Early Detection of Cancer Cervical.
> American College of Othandizira ndi Amayi a Gynecologists (ACOG). (2016). Kuyeza Khansa ya Chiberekero.
> American College of Othandizira ndi Amayi a Gynecologists (ACOG). (2012). Mkazi Woyendera. Maganizo a Komiti.
> Chiarelli AM, Maipruz V, Brown P, Thėriault M, Shumak R, Mai V. Chopereka cha kuyang'anitsitsa pachifuwa pofuna kulondola. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Sep 16; 101 (18): 1236-43.
> Usatine RP, Smith MA, Chumley HS, Mayeaux EJ, Jr. Mutu 88. Maphunziro a Colposcopy-Normal and Noncancerous Findings. Mu: Usatine RP, Smith MA, Chumley HS, Mayeaux EJ, Jr. The Atlas of Family Medicine, 2e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2013