Zofunika Kwambiri Zaka Zoposa 400
Nthaŵi zina mumamva fibromyalgia yotchedwa "fad diagnosis" kapena "matenda atsopano," koma zoona ndi yakuti fibromyalgia si yatsopano. Zili ndi mbiri yakale, ndi maina ambiri kusintha ndi maganizo otsala panjira.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse sichivomerezedwa ndi achipatala, ndipo kuvomereza kwake sikuli konse, fibromyalgia yafika kutali ndipo kafukufuku wamakono akupitiriza kutsimikizira kuti ndizochitikadi zenizeni matenda.
Nkhani yomwe imatchulidwa kawirikawiri yakale ya fibromyalgia imachokera pa pepala la 2004 ndi ofufuza Fatma Inanici ndi Muhammad B. Yunus. Mbiriyi inalembedwa kuchokera ku ntchito yawo komanso mfundo zatsopano kuchokera zaka 10 zapitazi.
Kubwerera ku Chiyambi - 1592-1900
Poyambirira, madokotala analibe malingaliro osiyana pa zowawa zonse zomwe tikuzidziwa lero. Mafotokozedwe ndi mawu omasulira anayamba pang'ono komanso pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
Mu 1592, dokotala wina wa ku France, Guillaume de Baillou, adatchula mawu akuti "rheumatism" pofotokoza kupweteka kwa minofu yomwe siinavulaze. Ili ndilo liwu lalikulu lomwe likanakhala ndi fibromyalgia komanso nyamakazi ndi matenda ena ambiri. Pambuyo pake, madokotala anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito "mitsempha yovuta" chifukwa cha zowawa zomwe, monga fibromyalgia, sizinachititse kuwonongeka.
Zaka mazana awiri kenako, ziganizo zinalibe zosavuta. Komabe, mu 1815, dokotala wa opaleshoni wa ku Scotland, dzina lake William Balfour, anatchula mitsempha yamtundu wambirimbiri, ndipo ananena kuti kutupa kungakhale kumbuyo kwa mitsempha yonse komanso ululu.
Analinso woyamba kufotokoza mfundo zachikondi (zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira kuti fibromyalgia .)
Zaka makumi angapo pambuyo pake, dokotala wa ku France Francios Valleix anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "neuralgia" kufotokozera zomwe amakhulupirira kuti amatumiziridwa kupweteka kuchokera kuzinthu zoyendayenda zomwe zimayenda motsatira mitsempha. Malingaliro ena a tsikulo amaphatikizapo mapeto a mitsempha yochuluka kapena mavuto ndi minofu okha.
Mu 1880, katswiri wa zamagulu a ku America dzina lake George William Beard anagwiritsira ntchito mawu akuti neurasthenia ndi myelosthenia kufotokoza ululu umene umakhala nawo pamodzi ndi kutopa ndi kusokonezeka maganizo. Anakhulupirira kuti vutoli linayambitsidwa ndi nkhawa.
1900 - 1975
Kulengedwa kwa mawu ena enieni kwenikweni kunaphulikira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Mayina osiyanasiyana a fibromyalgia-monga matendawa ndi awa:
- myogeloses
- minofu kuumitsa
- fibrositis
Fibrositis, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1904 ndi katswiri wa zamagulu a ku Britain Sir William Gowers, ndi amene adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zizindikiro zomwe Gowers akunena ziwoneka bwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi fibromyalgia:
- kupweteka kwadzidzidzi
- kukhudzidwa ndi kukakamizidwa
- kutopa
- kusokonezeka kugona
- kukhudzidwa ndi kuzizira
- kupweteka kwa zizindikiro ndi misampha yogwiritsira ntchito
Pochiza chithandizo, adayambitsa zopangira za cocaine, monga cocaine yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala monga mankhwala opatsirana.
Mwachikhalidwe, "fibro" amatanthawuza minofu yogwirizana ndi "itis" amatanthauza kutupa. Gowers atangotchula dzina, wofufuza wina adafalitsa kafukufuku akuwoneka kuti akutsimikizira mfundo zambiri za Gowers zokhudzana ndi kutupa. Izi zinathandiza kulima mawu akuti fibrositis m'zinenero zawo. Chodabwitsa, kufufuza kwina uku kunapezeka kuti kunali kolakwika.
M'zaka za m'ma 1930, chidwi chinawonjezeka mu ululu wa minofu wotchulidwa kuchokera pazithunzi / zojambula ndi zojambula za machitidwewa anayamba kuonekera.
Majekeseni am'deralo amatsitsimutsa kupitilira mankhwala.
Fibrositis sizinali zachilendo kafukufuku nthawi imeneyo. Papepala la 1936 linanena kuti fibrositis inali njira yofala kwambiri ya matenda aakulu a rheumatism. Inanenanso kuti, ku Britain, ndalama zokwana 60 peresenti ya inshuwaransi ndi matenda a rheumatic.
Komanso m'nthaŵi imeneyo, lingaliro la kupwetekedwa kwa minofu kunatsimikiziridwa kudzera mu kufufuza. Kufufuza pa njira zopweteka kunatchula kupweteka kwakukulu ndi hyperalgesia (kumva kupweteka kwambiri) ndipo mwina ndiye woyamba kunena kuti dongosolo loyamba la mitsempha linakhudzidwa ndi vutoli.
Kuonjezera apo, mapepala omwe amachititsa ululu ndi ululu wopweteka amachititsa mawu akuti " syndromes " amachititsa ululu.
Akatswiri amanena kuti kupweteka kwa fibrositis kumabwera kuchokera kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda ambiri a myofascial pain.
Nkhondo Yachiŵiri Yadziko lonse inachititsanso chidwi kwambiri pamene madokotala anazindikira kuti asilikali makamaka anali ndi fibrositis. Chifukwa chakuti sanasonyeze zizindikiro za kutupa kapena kuwonongeka kwa thupi, ndipo zizindikiro zikuwoneka zokhudzana ndi kupanikizika ndi kupsinjika maganizo, ofufuza anazitcha "chifuwa chachikulu cha maganizo." Kafukufuku wa 1937 anasonyeza kuti fibrositis inali "matenda a psychoneurotic." Choncho, kukangana kumeneku pakati pa thupi ndi maganizo kunabadwa.
Fibrositis inapitiriza kulandiridwa, ngakhale madokotala sakanakhoza kugwirizana pa momwe zinalili. Mu 1949, chaputala chokhudza chikhalidwecho chinawonekera mu buku lolembedwa bwino la rheumatology lotchedwa Arthritis and Allied Conditions . Ilo linati, "[T] apa sitingathe kukhala ndi kukaikira kulikonse pa kukhalapo kwa chikhalidwe choterocho." Ilo linatchula zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse, kuphatikizapo:
- matenda
- zowawa kapena ntchito
- nyengo
- kusokonezeka maganizo
Komabe, kufotokozedwa kunali misala yosadziwika yomwe tsopano tikuzindikira monga kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ululu. Nthaŵi zambiri ankatopa, kumutu, komanso kuvutika maganizo, koma sankagona mokwanira.
Ndondomeko yoyamba ya fibrositis yomwe ikufanana ndi zomwe timadziŵa lero monga fibromyalgia inabwera mu 1968. Papepala la kafukufuku Eugene F. Traut anati:
- amayi ambiri
- kukhumudwa kwathunthu ndi kuuma
- kutopa
- mutu
- colitis
- kusowa tulo
- pokhala "nkhawa zazikulu"
- Zophatikizira zachidziwitso zomwe zinapezedwa ndi mayeso
- kugwirizana kwa thupi
Kuphatikiza ndi ululu wa chibadwidwe, iye adadziwa malo ena omwe amaoneka ngati wamba, kuphatikizapo zomwe ife tikudziŵa tsopano monga matenda a carpal tunnel. Anatchula "magawo osiyanasiyana a msana," zomwe mungadziwe kuchokera ku zizindikiro zamakono zamakono: kupweteka m'magazi a axial (mafupa a mutu, mmero, chifuwa ndi msana) komanso m'zinthu zonse zinayi za thupi.
Komabe, patatha zaka zinayi, wofufuza wina dzina lake Hugh A. Smythe analemba chaputala cha buku la fibrositis chomwe chinakhudza kwambiri maphunziro a m'tsogolomu ndipo chinamutcha kuti "agogo a masiku ano a fibromyalgia." Amakhulupirira kuti ndiye woyamba kufotokozera mwapadera monga chikhalidwe chofala, motero amasiyanitsa ndi matenda a ululu wanga.
Kusuta sikungophatikizapo kugona tulo mu ndondomekoyi koma kufotokozera momwe ogonera analiri ndikumaperekanso electroencephalogram yosasindikizidwa (maphunziro ogona) omwe anawonetsa kusagwira ntchito mu gawo lachitatu ndi kugona 4. Komanso, ananena kuti kugona kosabwerezabwereza, kukhumudwa ndi kupsinjika maganizo kumatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zowonjezereka.
Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku adawonetsa kuwonongeka kwagona komanso kuwonetsa kuti kugona tulo kungapangitse zizindikiro zonga fibromyalgia ngati anthu odwala.
Smythe ndiye anaphatikizidwa mu phunziro lomwe linalongosola bwino malingaliro abwino ndipo analimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pozindikira. Idawonetsanso ululu wosaneneka, kugona kosokonezeka , kuuma kwa m'mawa , ndi kutopa monga zizindikiro zomwe zingathandize kuthandizira mkhalidwewo.
1976 - Pano
Ngakhale kuti ofufuza adapitabe patsogolo, sanadziwe umboni wa kutupa, "itis" mu fibrositis. Dzinalo linasinthidwa kukhala fibromyalgia: "fibro" amatanthawuza matenda, "my" amatanthauza minofu, ndipo "algia" amatanthauza ululu.
Komabe, mafunso ambiri adatsalira. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zinali zosavuta komanso zofala pakati pa anthu. Madokotala analibebe chogwiritsira ntchito pa fibromyalgia.
Kenaka, maphunziro a seminal omwe atsogoleredwa ndi Muhammed Yunus adatuluka mu 1981. Izi zinatsimikizira kuti kupweteka, kutopa ndi kugona tulo kunali kofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi fibromyalgia kusiyana ndi machitidwe abwino; kuti chiwerengero cha malonda achikondi chinali chachikulu kwambiri; komanso kuti zizindikiro zina zambiri zimakhala zofala kwambiri. Zizindikiro zina zowonjezera zinalipo:
- kudzidzimutsa
- paresthesia (osadziwika nerve sensation)
- Zinthu zowonongeka monga matenda osokoneza bongo (IBS), kupweteka kwa mutu, ndi migraines
Papepalali linakhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti agwiritse ntchito kachilombo koyambitsa matenda.
Zaka zambiri kafukufuku kuyambira kale adatsimikizira kuti zizindikirozi ndi zinthu zowonongeka zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi fibromyalgia.
Yunus ndiye anatsogolera kafukufuku kuti amvetsetse kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsa, kuphatikizapo dysmenorrhea (nthawi yopweteka) pamodzi ndi IBS, mutu wamaganizo, ndi migraine. Kenaka adakhulupirira kuti kugwirizanitsa kwake kunali mitsempha ya minofu, koma lingalirolo lidzayamba kugwirizana ndi chiphunzitso cha central sensitization .
Kuchokera pa mfundo iyi, takhala ndi kuchuluka kwa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndikupangidwa patsogolo. Sitili ndi mayankho onse, koma taphunzira bwino zomwe zingakhalepo mthupi lathu.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwakukulu ndi:
- 1984 - Kuphunzira koyamba kunayambitsa kugwirizanitsa chiwerengero chapamwamba cha fibromyalgia mwa omwe ali ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi
- 1985 - Kuphunzira koyamba kwa mwana wa fibromyalgia kunasindikizidwa
- 1986 - Mankhwala osokoneza serotonin ndi norepinephrine ayamba kuwonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza
- 1990 - American College of Rheumatology imayambitsa ndondomeko yoyenera ya matenda opatsirana ndi kukoma mtima pazinthu khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi (18) zapadera zomwe zimaphatikizapo malingaliro, motero kuonetsetsa njira zofufuzira zofufuzira padziko lonse lapansi
- 1991 - Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire inaperekedwa kwa madokotala kuti aone momwe ntchito ikuyendera
- 1992 - Kupeza kochepa kotchedwa hormone levels
- 1993 - Zofukufuku zimasonyeza kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri komanso zowonjezera ( HPA )
- 1994 - Chitsimikizo cha mankhwala okwera P (mtumiki wa ululu) mu cerebrospinal fluid
- 1995 - Kufufuza koyamba ku United States kukuwonetsa fibromyalgia mwa magawo awiri a anthu
- 1995 - Choyamba SPECT (kujambula ubongo) kusonyeza kayendedwe ka magazi mu ubongo
- 1999 - Phunziro loyamba likusonyeza kuti chibadwa chimayambitsa chifukwa chake chimakhala m'mabanja
- 2000 - Kupenda umboni wa ndalama zomwe zimatanthauza syndromes central sensitization syndromes
- 2005 - American Pain Society imatulutsa malangizo oyambirira ochizira ululu wa fibromyalgia
- 2007 - Lyrica (pregabalin) imakhala mankhwala oyamba a FDA ku US ( Cymbalta (duloxetine) ndi Savella (milnacipran) yotsatira, mu 2008 ndi 2009, mofanana
- 2010 - American College of Rheumatology imatulutsa njira zina zozindikiritsira pogwiritsa ntchito mayankho m'malo mwa mfundo zabwino
Kafukufuku wapitilirabe kufufuza izi ndikupeza zifukwa zatsopano zowonongeka ndi njira. Mipukutu ina yopitilirapo ikuphatikizapo:
- Kutupa kwa fascia : Kafukufuku wanena kuti kupweteka kwakukulu kwa fibromyalgia kungakhale kotupa, koma mumtundu wochepa kwambiri wa webusaiti yothandizira yotchedwa fascia
- Mitsempha yambiri pa mitsempha ya mitsempha : Kafukufuku wochuluka kwambiri amasonyeza kutentha kwowonjezereka ndi kupweteka kwa mitsempha m'thupi
- Nthenda ya ubongo : Kuphatikiza kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti mitsempha inayake yapadera ingawonongeke
- chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chosasintha: mndandanda wina wa kafukufuku ukuwonetsa ntchito zachilendo ku chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chingasonyeze kuti nthawi yayitali chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi kapena autoimmunity , kapena njira yothetsera chitetezo kwa serotonin
Ofufuza ambiri akuyesetsa kukhazikitsa magulu a fibromyalgia, akukhulupirira kuti ndicho chinsinsi chothetsera njira zowonongeka ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri. Mankhwala ambiri nthawi zonse amafufuzidwa, ndipo cholinga chachikulu chakhala chikudziwika ndi kukhazikitsa zida zolinga zowunikira monga kuyezetsa mwazi kapena kusanthula.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti fibromyalgia siinapezebe kuvomerezedwa kwachilengedwe ku chipatala, ndiyandikira kwambiri kuposa kale lonse. Monga momwe kafukufuku akupitilira kusonyeza kuti zonse ndi zenizeni ndi zamakhalidwe, chikhalidwe ichi chimapindulitsa. Izi zimathandiza omwe tili nawo kuti tipeze kumvetsetsa, kulemekeza, komanso chofunika kwambiri, njira zabwino zothandizira kuti tipeze tsogolo lathu.
> Zotsatira:
> Albrecht PJ, et al. Mankhwala owawa. 2013 Jun; 14 (6): 895-915. Kuchuluka kwa Peptidergic Sensory Innoring of Cutaneous Arteriole-Venule Nsonga (AVS) mu Chikopa Chofiira cha Matenda a Fibromyalgia: Zotanthawuza za Kulimbana Kwambiri Minofu ndi Kutopa.
> Behm FG, et al. BMC Kachilombo ka HIV. 2012 Dec 17; 12: 25. Zomwe Zimakhala Zowonongeka Zambiri mu Fibromyalgia.
> Caro XJ, Zima Zima. Arthritis & rheumatology. 2014 Apr 9. [Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza] Umboni Wosakwanira Epidermal Mitsempha ya Mitsempha Yosakanikirana mu Fibromyalgia: Zomwe Amayi Ambiri Amagwiritsa Ntchito.
> Caro XJ, Zima Zima, Dumas AJ. Rheumatology. 2008 Feb; 47 (2): 208-11. Otsatira a Matenda a Fibromyalgia Ali ndi Zowonjezera Zopweteka Zopweteka Zowononga Polyneuropathy ndi Kuwonekera Kuyankha kwa IVIg.
> Inanici F, Yunus MB. Zochitika Zamakono ndi Zolemba M'mutu. 2004 Oct; 8 (5): 369-78. Mbiri ya Fibromyalgia: Zakale Pano.
> Oaklander AL, et al. Ululu. 2013 Nov; 154 (11): 2310-6. Cholinga Chotsimikizira Kuti Zing'onozing'ono Zolemba Zachilengedwe Zolimbana ndi Matenda Ena Ali ndi Matenda Omwe Amatengedwa Ngati Fibromyalgia.
> Smith HS, Harris R, Clauw D. Odwala matenda. 2011 Mar-Apr; 14 (2): E217-45. Fibromyalgia: Kusokoneza Kwambiri Zovuta Kuyambitsa Mavuto Ovutika Generalized Syndrome.
> Uceyler N, et al. Ubongo: Journal of Neurology. 2013 Jun; 136 (Pt 6): 1857-67. Matenda Aang'ono Amtundu Wambiri M'thupi mwa Odwala Ndi Fibromyalgia Syndrome.