Matenda a Alzheimer's Treatment
Matendawa ali mkati, ndipo ndi matenda a Alzheimer's . Mwinamwake mukuwopa, kukhumudwa, kumasulidwa, kapena mwina osangofuna kuti mukhulupirire. Kotero tsopano chiyani? Ngakhale palibe mankhwala a Alzheimer pa nthawi ino, pali njira zambiri zothandizira zizindikiro . Njira zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo mankhwala othandizira mankhwala ndi njira zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, monga kusintha kwa khalidwe ndi kusintha kwa zachilengedwe.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo kwa Zizindikiro Zoganizira
Zosintha zamaganizo ndi mankhwala omwe amayesa kuchepetsa zizindikiro za Alzheimer's .
Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa akuwoneka kuti akuwongolera njira za kulingalira kwa anthu ena, zotsatirazi zimasiyana kwambiri. Omwe amadziŵa kulingalira bwino amafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha zotsatirapo ndi kugwirizana ndi mankhwala ena.
Pali magulu awiri a mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration kuti athetse chidziwitso cha Alzheimer's. Amaphatikizapo zizindikiro zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala otchedwa cholinesterase inhibitors ndi otsutsa a N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA).
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Kodi Deakakote Iyenera Kuphunzitsidwa Kuchita Chidwi mu Alzheimer's?
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Kodi Chithandizo cha Snoezelen Chikuthandizani M'madera a Alzheimer's?
Mkalasi 1: Chotsitsa Chotsitsa Chokha
Mavitamini a cholinesterase amachita mwa kulepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa acetylcholine mu ubongo. Acetylcholine ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti m'magulu a kukumbukira , kuphunzira, ndi njira zina zoganizira. Kafukufuku wa sayansi apeza acetylcholine m'munsi mwa ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's, kotero chiyembekezo chake ndi chakuti poteteza kapena kuwonjezera ma acetylcholine kudzera mu mankhwalawa, ubongo umagwirira ntchito kapena kukhazikika.
Ochita kafukufuku amaganiza kuti pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera matenda, amayamba kuchepa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena 12.
Pali mankhwala atatu omwe amavomerezedwa kuti athetse matenda a Alzheimer:
- Aricept (donepezil) : Yavomerezedwa kuti ikhale yofatsa , yochepa , komanso ya Alzheimer's
- Exelon (rivastigmine) : Yavomerezedwa ndi Alzheimer's mildness
- Razadyne (galantamine): Wavomerezedwa kuti azisamalidwa bwino
Zindikirani, Cognex (tacrine) kale kale FDA inavomerezedwa ku Alzheimer's mildness; Komabe, sichigulitsidwa ndi wopanga chifukwa chinachititsa zotsatira zina zofunikira.
Kalasi yachiwiri: N-Methyl D-Aspartate (NMDA) Antagonists
Namenda (mememine) ndi mankhwala okhawo m'kalasiyi, ndipo amavomerezedwa kuti akhale ovuta kwambiri ku Alzheimer's. Namenda akuwoneka kuti amagwira ntchito poyang'anira ma glutamate (amino acid) mu ubongo. Mawonekedwe oyenera a glutamate amachititsa kuphunzira, koma kuchuluka kwa glutatmate kungayambitse maselo a ubongo.
Namenda wakhala wothandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kukula kwa zizindikiro za matenda a Alzheimer's later.
Mankhwala Osakaniza
Mu 2014, a FDA adavomereza Namzaric, omwe akuphatikizapo mankhwala a memphane ndi mankhwala amodzi omwe amachokera m'kalasi iliyonse pamwambapa.
Amapangidwira kuti akhale ovuta kwambiri ku matenda a Alzheimer's.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo kwa Zizindikiro za Khalidwe, Maganizo ndi Maganizo (BPSD)
Mankhwala a Psychothropic amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthaŵi zina kuti athetse zizindikiro za khalidwe, malingaliro, ndi zizindikiro za matenda a Alzheimer's. Zizindikiro izi zingaphatikizepo kukhumudwa maganizo , kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa , kusowa tulo , kukhumudwa , ndi kuperewera , komanso makhalidwe ena ovuta , kotero kukhala oyenerera powazindikiritsa ndi kuwathandiza n'kofunika.
Kalasi ya mankhwala a psychotropic imakhala ndi antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, antipsychotics , mood stabilizers , ndi mankhwala a kusowa tulo (nthawi zina amatchedwa mapiritsi ogona kapena hypnotics ). Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala othandiza komanso akhoza kuchititsa zotsatira zoyipa. Psychotropics amagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwirizanitsa ndi njira zina zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena pambuyo poyesera mankhwala osakhala mankhwala ndi kuwapeza kuti sakukwanira.
Njira zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo zizindikiro za makhalidwe, maganizo ndi maganizo
Njira zopanda mankhwala zimaganizira zochiza zizindikiro za khalidwe, zamaganizo, ndi zamaganizo za Alzheimer by kusintha njira yomwe timamvetsela ndikuyanjana ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi Alzheimer's.
Njirazi zimazindikira kuti khalidwe ndilo njira yolankhulirana ndi omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's. Cholinga cha njira zopanda mankhwala ndikumvetsa tanthauzo la makhalidwe ovuta komanso chifukwa chake alipo.
Njira zopanda mankhwala ziyenera kuyesedwa musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a psychotropic, chifukwa sakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kapena mankhwala.
Kuyesa Khalidwe
Dziwani khalidwe linalake ndikuwona zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zimayambitsa khalidwe . Mwachitsanzo, ngati kusamba kumapangitsa wokondedwa wanu kukwiya , yesetsani kusamba. Kapena yesetsani kupereka shower pa nthawi yosiyana ya tsiku. M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ngati munthu akukhumudwa kapena akukwiya, njira yosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala imayesa kumvetsa chifukwa chake angagwedezeke . Mwina amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito bafa, akuvutika , kapena akuganiza kuti ataya chinachake. Tawonani zomwe zimachitika musanayambe khalidwe, yesetsani zosiyana nthawi yotsatira, ndikutsatira zotsatira.
Nthawi zambiri mungapewe makhalidwe okhumudwitsa mwa kusintha maganizo anu.
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Kodi Makhalidwe Othandizira Othandizira Akuthandizani Kuchepetsa Kukhumudwa ndi Chiwawa mu Dementia?
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Phunziro likufotokoza njira yothetsera vuto la matenda a Alzheimer's
Mwachitsanzo, ngati wokondedwa wanu akufunsani kuti awone amayi ake (omwe mwina afa kwa zaka zambiri), funsani kuti akuuzeni za iye, osati kumukakamiza kuti amenyane ndi amayi ake. Izi zimatchedwa kutsimikiziridwa , ndipo zingakhale zothandiza kuchepetsa munthu wokwiya.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo amakhala osungulumwa kapena osowa nthawi zina, ndipo sangathe kufotokoza momveka bwino malingaliro awo. Kupereka mwayi wochita zinthu ndi anthu ena, kuchita ntchito zodziwika monga mapepala okonzekera kapena kutsuka mbale, kapena kuimba pamodzi ndi nyimbo zomwe amakonda zimathandiza kusintha maganizo ndi kuchepetsa kudzimva komanso kudziletsa.
Nthawi zina, makhalidwe oipa kapena okhumudwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chaumphawi ndi chifukwa cholephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuyamba ndi kuyenda, kuyenda mu gulu la gulu la aerobic, kapena kuchita zina zolimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuthana ndi chosowachi.
Dziwani Zimene Muyenera Kuyembekezera
Mawu omveka bwino akuti "chidziwitso ndi mphamvu" ndizoona apa. Kudziwa zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pamene Alzheimer ikupita kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa khalidwe ndikuzindikira kuti gwero lake ndilo matenda, osati munthu. Izi zingapereke chifundo chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kukhumudwa.
Njira Zopanda Mankhwala Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zoganizira
Njira zina zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala zimalimbikitsa chidziwitso cha munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Mwachitsanzo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi - kuphatikizapo zosowa zofunikira komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi khalidwe kapena maganizo a chiwopsezo chaumtima-zitha kuwathandiza kuzindikira anthu ena. Chimodzimodzinso, kukhalabe wogwira mtima kumathandizanso kusunga malingaliro ndi malingaliro oganiza m'maganizo. Ngakhale kuti njirazi sizitha kuchiza matenda a Alzheimers, iwo angaperekebe phindu lochepa.
Mankhwala Okwanira Omwe Amawonjezera
Popeza mankhwala alibe phindu pothana ndi Alzheimer's, ambiri atembenukira kuchipatala chosiyana ndi chovomerezeka . Pulezidenti akadali pa njira zambirizi, ndipo kafukufuku akupitiriza. Anthu ena awonetsa kusintha kwakumvetsetsa ndi mankhwala monga kokonati mafuta , koma kafukufuku akuyembekezerabe kuti ziwathandize.
Ngati mukufuna kuyesa mankhwala ovomerezeka kapena ochiritsira, muyenera kukambirana nawo ndi dokotala, popeza ena angathe kuthandizana ndi mankhwala ena kapena akhoza kuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa.
Mayesero Amakono
Pali mavuto ochulukirapo ochuluka omwe akuyendetsedwa bwino kuti ayese matenda atsopano a Alzheimer's. Mayesero ena ali otseguka ndipo akulembera anthu omwe ali ndi Alzheimer's kapena mitundu ina ya dementia kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali. Mndandanda wathunthu wa mayesero a zamankhwala angapezeke ku clinicaltrials.gov.
Mafunso Ofunsa Dokotala Wanu
Kuphunzira za matenda a Alzheimers kumakhala kovuta nthawi zina. Chifukwa cha ichi, mukakumana ndi dokotala, zingakhale zothandiza kuti mufunse mafunso musanakonzekere. Izi zikuphatikizapo kufunsa za mankhwala aliwonse omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa omwe mukufuna kuwatsata, m'malo moyesera nokha.
Musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu zokhudzana ndi zisankho zina, monga ngati ziri zotetezeka kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kukhala nokha . Dokotala wanu akhoza kupereka ndondomeko yeniyeni ya momwe mungathe kupititsa patsogolo ntchitozi, komanso ndikupatseni zosowa zomwe zingakuthandizeni, monga mabungwe othandizira azaumoyo kapena magulu othandizira a Alzheimer.
Kuonjezerapo, ngati mukulimbana ndi zizindikiro monga kusalabadira, nkhawa, kapena kukakamiza , izi ziyenera kukambidwa ndi dokotala wanu. Angakhale akuyang'anitsitsa luso lanu la kulingalira (kulingalira ndi kukumbukira) ndipo sangathe kufunsa mwachindunji za zizindikiro zina za khalidwe ndi maganizo a Alzheimer's . Komabe, kufotokoza bwino ndi chithandizo cha zizindikirozi kungapangitse khalidwe la moyo mu Alzheimer's .
Mawu Ochokera
Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matenda a Alzheimers, khalani olimbikitsidwa. Ochita kafukufuku amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse pofuna kupeza njira zowathandiza komanso njira zothandizira. Zambiri zaphunziridwa kuti momwe Alzheimers amakhudzidwira ubongo, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kudziwa zambiri zowonjezereka pa chitukuko cha mankhwala, chithandizo, ndi kupewa.
Chofunika kwambiri, musanyalanyaze kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za dera lanu pamene mukulimbana ndi matendawa. Matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda omwe mwatsoka amadzipatula tokha, koma izi sizothandiza kwenikweni. Ife sitingathe "kukonza" matenda a Alzheimer apobe, koma tikhoza kupereka chithandizo, chidziwitso, ndi chilimbikitso pakulowa pamodzi.
Zotsatira:
Alzheimer's Association. Mankhwala Operewera Kukumbukira. > http://www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_standard_prescriptions.asp.
US National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Aging. "Matenda a Alzheimer's Medicine Fact Sheet." http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/medicationsfs.htm
US National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Aging. "Mankhwala Opaleshoni AD Zizindikiro ndi Zopindulitsa." http://www.nia.nih.gov/Alzheimers/Publications/CaringAD/medical/medicines.htm