Kodi chifuwa chimatanthauzanji?
Ngati mwakhala muli ndi chifuwa chosaneneka mukhoza kukhala wokhumudwa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kudera nkhaŵa zomwe chifuwa chanu chingatanthauze. Kodi ndizifukwa zotani zomwe zimayambitsa chizindikiro ichi, dokotala wanu angafunse mafunso ati, ndipo kodi chifuwa cha mtundu umenewu chikuchitidwa bwanji?
Mwachidule
Palibe kwenikweni kutanthauzira momveka bwino kwa chifuwa chokhazikika, koma ngati mwakhala ndi wina simukusowa tanthauzo.
Chifuwa chokhazikika ndi chomwe chimakulepheretsani tsiku ndi tsiku chizoloŵezi chanu kapena kukulepheretsani kupeza mpumulo wabwino usiku. Zingakhale zovuta kuti mupeze mpweya wanu. Zingapangitse kusanza. Zingakuchititseni kuti mukumva kutopa kwathunthu. Koma ngati mukufunikira kulankhula pantchito, kupita ku sukulu, kusamalira ana anu, kapena kuyesa kugona, kukhwima nthawi zonse kumatha kukhala ndi njira ndikuchepetsa moyo wanu.
Nkhungu zimatchulidwa kuti ndizovuta kapena zosapitirira. Chifuwa chachikulu chimakhala masabata atatu kapena kuposerapo, pamene chifuwa chachikulu chimatchulidwa ngati chifuwa chimakhala chamtali kuposa masabata asanu ndi atatu. (Mazira omwe amakhala pakati pa masabata atatu ndi asanu ndi atatu amawerengedwa ngati subacute.) Chifuwa chanu chikhoza kukhala chouma (chosapindulitsa) kapena mukhoza kutsokomola mmphuno (chifuwa chopindulitsa). Ngati muli ndi phlegm, izo zikhoza kukhala zomveka, zachikasu, zobiriwira, kapena zokhudzana ndi magazi.
Chifuwa chanu chikhoza kuchitika nokha, kapena mwinamwake zizindikiro zina. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ziwiri, kapena ngati wina akugwirizana ndi wina.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukulephera kupuma, zingakhale zovuta kudziwa ngati mukuvutika kupeza mpweya wabwino pakati pa kukhwima, kapena ngati mukuvutika kupuma osagwirizana ndi chifuwa chanu.
Zomwe Zingatheke
Zifukwa za chifuwa chosasunthika zimatha kuchoka ku zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri kwa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Ngakhale zifukwa zina zimakhala zofala kwambiri kuposa ena pamene muwonjezera zowonjezereka zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa nthawi zonse zimakhala zachilendo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chifuwa chingakhale chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyana.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa
M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa zina zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa chosatha.
- Kutaya kwadzidzidzi - Mwina chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha chifuwa chachikulu nthawi zonse, chimatuluka chifukwa cha sinusitis kapena rhinosinusitis (kutupa kwa mazenera.) Chifuwachi nthawi zambiri chimapangitsa kuti minofu ikhale yonyezimira komanso ikutsitsika ndi khosi.
- Matenda opatsirana pogonana - Matenda monga chimfine ndi chimfine ndiwo omwe amachititsa kuti chifuwa chisamayende. Chifuwa chingakhale ndi zizindikiro zina zozizira monga mphuno yothamanga, kapena zizindikiro za chimfine, monga ziwalo za thupi.
- Bronchitis - Kachilendo kaŵirikaŵiri ka bronchitis ndi matenda a khate angapangitse munthu kuti ayambe chifuwa nthawi zonse. Ndi chifuwa chachikulu, chifuwa chimakhala chobala kwambiri.
- Nthendayi - Kuwopsa kwa chilengedwe monga nkhungu zowonongeka , komanso zakudya zowonjezera, zingayambitse chifuwa.
- Bronchospasm - Kuwonjezereka kwa airways ( bronchospasm ) chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika kapena mphumu zingayambitse chifuwa. Chifuwa nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kupuma ndi kutha. Ngati palinso kutupa m'khosi kapena lirime kapena mpweya wochepa, izi zikhoza kukhala zovuta zachipatala ( anaphylactic shock ).
- Phumu - mphumu ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha chifuwa chokhazikika. Kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizidwa ndi kupuma ndi chifuwa cholimba, koma mwa anthu ena, chifuwa ndicho chizindikiro chokha, ndipo chimatchedwa "chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu."
- Matenda a reflux - Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD) angapangitse kuti azikanganitsa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha asidi m'mimba. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha chifuwa, GERD nthawi zambiri imayambitsa zigawo za chifuwa usiku pambuyo pokugona, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawopsyeza mmawa wotsatira. GERD ikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi zizindikiro za kupweteka kwa mtima kapena kudzimbidwa, kapena chifuwa chingakhale chizindikiro chokha.
- Kusuta - Chifuwa cha fodya chingakhale chosayima nthawi zina. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta m'mawa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabala zipatso. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kusuta ndiko chifukwa chofala cha matenda ena opuma opuma monga khate lachilendo komanso khansara yamapapo. Ngati mumasuta, dzifunseni ngati chifuwa chanu chasintha mwanjira iliyonse.
- Mankhwala - ACE inhibitors , mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mtima kulephera, angapangitse wina kuti azikhoma usiku ndi usana. Zitsanzo za ACE inhibitors ndi Vasotec (enalapril), Capoten (captopril), Prinivil kapena Zestril (lisinopril), Lotensin (benazepril), ndi Altace (ramipril).
- Kuwonetsera kukhumudwa - Kuwonetsa utsi wothandizira , utsi wa nkhuni , kuphika mafungo, fumbi, ndi mankhwala oopsa amachititsa munthu kuti azikhoma mobwerezabwereza.
- Mphungu - Mwa ana, kumenyana kungayambitse chifuwa chopweteka.
- Chibayo - Zachiwindi ndi bakiteriya chibayo chingayambitse chifuwa, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi malungo.
- COPD - Matenda osokoneza bongo ( COPD ) ndizofunikira chifukwa cha chifuwa chopitirira, nthawi zambiri kuphatikizapo kupuma pang'ono.
- Kuthyola chifuwa - Ndi nthawi yovuta kutsogolo (pertussis) ya chifuwa chosasunthika nthawi zambiri imathyoledwa ndi mpweya wabwino-chifuwa cha chifuwa cha chifuwa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti anthu angakhale ndi chifuwa chokwanira ngakhale atakhala ndi katemera wa diptheria / pertussis / tetanus (DPT).
Zochepa Zochepa koma Zofunikira Zofunikira
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa chonse, kuphatikizapo:
- Khansara Yam'mimba - Khansa yam'mimba ndi yochepa chifukwa cha chifuwa chonse koma ndibwino kukumbukira. Khansa ya m'magazi imatha kuchiritsidwa kwambiri. Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu ali ndi chifuwa panthaŵi yomwe akudziŵa.
- Kutentha kwa thupi lachilendo - Kusankha pa zipangizo monga nyama, mapiritsi, ndalama, mphesa, kapena zinthu zina zingayambitse chifuwa pomwe thupi lanu likuyesera kuchotsa zakunja. Chifuwa chokhudzana ndi aspiration kawirikawiri chimayamba mwadzidzidzi. Chimodzimodzi chingakhale ndi zolepheretsa zazing'ono zomwe zimayambitsa zinthu zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimakhala mu bronchi imodzi yaing'ono. Chifuwa chotere chikhoza kuyamba kuganiziridwa chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo, koma chimapitirira kwa nthawi yaitali kusiyana ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Nthawi zina ma bronchoscopy amafunika kuwulula matupi ang'onoang'ono achilendo.
- Chifuwa chachikulu - Ngakhale kuti chifuwa chachikulu cha TB chikufala kwambiri ku United States, zimachitika, makamaka pakati pa anthu othawa kwawo komanso anthu omwe akhala akutalika kwa nthawi yaitali kunja. Kuwonjezera pa chifuwa, anthu amatha kulemera ndi kutuluka usiku pakati pa zizindikiro zina. Onetsetsani kuti dokotala wanu adziwe ngati mwayenda, chifukwa chake ndi zina zomwe zingayambitsenso.
- Bronchiectasis - Bronchiectasis , matenda omwe matenda opatsirana ndi kutupa amachititsa kuti mafunde apitirire kukula, akhoza kupanga chifuwa chopitirira nthawi zambiri pogona.
- Magazi amatsekedwa m'mapapo - Magazi amagazi m'milingo ( deep veous thrombosis (DVT) amatha kuchoka ndikupita kumapapo ( pulmonary emboli ) omwe amachititsa kuti chifuwa chokhumudwitsa komanso kawirikawiri kupuma. Zizindikiro za magazi m'milingo zingaphatikizepo kufiira, kuchitira chifundo, ndi kutupa.
- Kulephera kwa mtima waumtima - Kutaya mtima kungayambitse chifuwa chosasunthika. Chifuwachi chikhoza kupanga phokoso la pinki ndipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala choipitsa ndi kugona pansi. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kupuma pang'ono.
- Mapapu opunduka - Pneumothorax (mapapo otumphuka) angayambitse chifuwa chosatha chomwe chimayamba mwadzidzidzi. Kuphatikiza pa chifuwa, anthu amatha kupuma mpweya komanso "kuumirira," kumverera kokhala ndi chiguduli pakhungu la chifuwa ndi khosi.
- Matenda a fungal - Zinthu monga coccidiomycosis, histoplasmosis, ndi cryptococcosis, pakati pa ena, zingapangitse chifuwa chonse.
- Matenda ena a m'mapapo - Matenda monga sarcoidosis ndi matenda ena a m'mapapo nthawi zambiri amachititsa chifuwa.
Kudziwa
Mukawona dokotala wanu, chinthu choyamba chimene adzachite ndi mbiri yosamala komanso zakuthupi. Malingana ndi mbiri yanu ndi mayeso anu, mayesero ena angaphatikizepo:
- Chifuwa cha X-ray - Chifuwa cha X-ray chikhoza kuchitidwa pofuna kuyang'ana chibayo komanso zina zomwe zingayambitse chifuwa. Onani kuti chifuwa cha x-ray sichikwanira kuthetsa khansa ya m'mapapo, ndipo ikhoza kuphonya zotupa zazing'ono.
- Mayeso a Magazi - Nambala yoyera ya magazi (WBC) ikhoza kuchitidwa pofuna kuyang'ana zizindikiro za matenda a tizilombo kapena bakiteriya.
- Spirometry - Spirometry , mayesero omwe mumayang'ana mumapapo anu mu mphindi imodzi, mungalimbikitsidwe ngati dokotala wanu akudandaula za zinthu monga asthma kapena emphysema.
- Kansalu ya CT - Ngati chifuwa chanu chikupitirira, kapena ngati dokotala akudandaula kuti mwina muli ndi vuto lalikulu la chifuwa chanu, akhoza kuitanitsa chifuwa chachikulu cha CT kuti aone bwino mapapu anu ndi matenda ozungulira.
- Bronchoscopy - bronchoscopy ndi mayeso omwe kachigawo kakang'ono kamene kali ndi kuwala kamalowetsedwa pakamwa panu komanso mumsewu wanu waukulu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati dokotala wanu akudera nkhawa za thupi linalake mumtunda wanu (kuchokera ku choking) kapena ngati akuyang'ana chinthu chosaoneka ngati chotupa.
- Laryngoscopy - A laryngoscopy ndi ndondomeko yomwe chubu yomwe imayikidwa kupyolera pakamwa kuti iwonetsere dera lomwe liri pafupi ndi zingwe za mawu.
- Kuyeza kwa pH eophageal - Acid reflux ndizomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa, ndipo anthu ena samawona zizindikiro za kupweteka kwa mtima. Poyesera kuchepetsa pH , madokotala akhoza kufufuza zizindikiro za acid reflux.
Mafunso Mafunso A Dokotala Wanu Akhoza Kufunsa
- Kodi chifuwa chanu chinayamba liti?
- Kodi chifuwa chanu chimauma kapena chonyowa (mwachitsanzo, kodi mumakokera phlegm?)
- Kodi mwasanza mutatha kutsokomola?
- Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe chifuwa chanu chimakhala choipitsitsa?
- Kodi mwakhala ndi malungo?
- Kodi mwakhalapo kwa wina aliyense amene akudwala?
- Kodi mwakhala ndi chifuwa kwa nthawi yaitali bwanji?
- Kodi mumasuta, kapena mwakhala mukusuta?
- Kodi mumasuta fodya ?
- Ndi zizindikiro zina ziti zomwe mwakumana nazo? Mwachitsanzo, kodi mwakhuta magazi , mumamva kupuma pang'ono , mwakhala mukusowa kapena mukuwombera?
- Kodi mumatengeka?
- Kodi muli ndi zizindikiro zowononga kapena kutopa?
- Kodi muli ndi chifuwa chilichonse?
- Kodi mumapezeka nkhungu kapena mumakhala m'nyumba yomwe yawonongeka?
- Kodi mwakhalapo ndi zochitika zina?
Kuchiza
Chithandizo cha chifuwa chosasunthika chimadalira chifukwa choyambitsa. Mankhwala a chifuwa cha chifuwa , monga supuni ya tiyi ya uchi, chinyezi (monga vaporizer), ndi kupumula kungakhale kothandiza ngakhale ziri choncho. Kumwa madzi okwanira kumatha kuchepetsa mphulupulu ndipo nthawi zonse kumathandiza.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda, peŵani kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki omwe mungakhale nawo kuyambira kale. Kugwiritsa ntchito antibayotiki akale sikungakuthandizeni ngati muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, ndipo m'malo mwake mungapangitse mwayi wokhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kuchepetsa kufooka kwa chifuwa chanu. Madontho a mandimu kapena ma candies ovuta akhoza kukhala olimbikitsa, koma musapereke izi kwa ana. Mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa ana pokhapokha ngati akulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala wa ana.
Nthawi yoitanira Dokotala Wanu
Nthawi zina chifuwa chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha chinthu chovuta kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi mpweya wochepa, kupweteka pachifuwa , zizindikiro zamagazi (monga redness, kutupa, kapena chifundo m'milingo yanu), kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukuwopsani, pitani dokotala (kapena 911) mwamsanga.
N'kofunikanso kutchula 911 mwamsanga ngati muli ndi stridor (phokoso la wheezy lapamwamba ndi kupuma mkati), chifuwa chanu chimayamba mwadzidzidzi, kapena ngati muli ndi kutupa kwa lilime lanu, nkhope, kapena mmero, momwe zizindikirozi zingasonyezere matenda ovuta. Kuwaza magazi, ngakhale pang'ono, kuyenera kuyesedwa ndi dokotala wanu.
Ngati chifuwa chanu chimachitika kwa masiku angapo, nkofunika kuti muwone dokotala wanu-ngakhale mutaganiza kuti pali chifukwa chomveka chofufuzira.
> Zotsatira:
> Burki, T. Chikho cha Constant Coughs. Lancet Respiratory Medicine . 2015. 3 (6): 434.
> Ma Institutes of Health. Medline Plus. Kukuda. Kusinthidwa 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003072.htm
> Satia, I., Badri, H., Al-Sheklly, B., Smith, J., ndi A. Woodcock. Kukumvetsetsa ndi Kusamalira Kuthyola Kakang'ono. Clinical Medicine . 2016. 16 (Suppl 6): s92-297.
> Soni, R., Ebersole, B., ndi N. Jamal. Kuchiza kwa Chilombo Choyipa. Otolaryngology - Mutu ndi Opaleshoni Yam'kati . 2017. 156 (1): 103-108.