Kuwonjezera pa kusokoneza mawu, chizindikiro cha mantha chimakukhudzani kuti chinachake chikulakwika ndi thupi lanu. Kodi ndi mau otani kwenikweni, ndi zina zotani zomwe zimayambitsa ndipo ndi liti pamene muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu?
Mwachidule
Kuwopsya kumatanthauzidwa ngati phokoso losazolowereka pamene mukuyesera kulankhula. Izi zingatanthauzidwe ngati raspy, kusasamala, zofewa, zowopsya komanso ngati kusintha kwa mawu anu.
Mawu anu amatha kusintha, mwina m'munsi kapena apamwamba. Mwinanso mumamva kupweteka kapena kumverera kovuta pamene mukuyesera kulankhula mwachizolowezi.
Liwu lopweteka lingayambitsidwe ndi chirichonse chimene chimalepheretsa kugwedeza kwa zingwe zamagetsi, monga kutupa ndi kutupa, mapuloteni omwe amalowa mu njira ya chingwe cha voli kutseka bwino kapena zikhalidwe zomwe zimachititsa kuti zingwe zamtundu umodzi kapena zonse zikhale olumala. Kuwopsya kumatchulidwanso ndi mankhwala akuti " dysphonia."
Zimayambitsa
Kuwopsya ndi chizindikiro chofala chomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nacho nthawi ndi nthawi pamene amamenyana ndi chimfine kapena chimfine. Koma zingakhalenso chizindikiro cha chinachake choopsa kwambiri.
Kuwopsya kungayambitsidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhala chifukwa cha vuto ndi zolemba (gawo la larynx). Vuto lingathe kumangika mwachindunji ku mavuto omwe ali ndi vutoli, kapena m'malo mwake, chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amachititsa mitsempha yomwe imapereka mawu ndi kuwatsogolera kuchita zomwe ubongo wathu ukuwauza kuti achite.
Zina mwazifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa mantha ndizo:
- Laryngitis: Laryngitis ndi amene amachititsa kuti anthu asamachite mantha ndipo amatha kuyambitsa zinthu zambiri, kuyambira ku chimfine kuti aziimba mokweza kwambiri kapena kutalika pamaseŵera a mpira, ndikuyimba nyimbo.
- Zingwe zazingwezi: Zingwe zazingwe ndizo "ziphuphu" pamaganizo anu omwe amalepheretsa kutseka kwawo mwachizolowezi pakuyankhula. Nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku kugwiritsira ntchito mawu anu mopitirira muyeso. Zitha kuwonedwa ngati zofanana ndi zosavuta anthu amayamba m'manja mwawo mopitirira muyeso, monga atapanganso bwalo pa kugwa. Oimba, aphunzitsi ndi akatswiri ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawu awo mochuluka akhoza kupeza mapepala.
- Nthendayi: Zonsezi zowonjezera nyengo ndi chaka zimatha kusokoneza.
- Refidx / Kutentha kwa Mphuno: Reflux ya Gastroesophageal (GERD) , reflux ya asidi kuchokera m'mimba mpaka ku zingwe zamagulu, ndizovuta chifukwa cha mantha, ndipo anthu ambiri sakudziwa kukhalapo chifukwa sikuti nthawi zonse zimayenderana ndi kupweteka kwa mtima. Kutentha chifukwa cha asidi reflux nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta m'mawa.
- Matenda a chithokomiro: Matenda a chithokomiro, makamaka kutetezedwa kwa hypothyroidism (kutsika kwa chithokomiro), angayambitse mantha.
- Kusuta fodya: Kusuta fodya kwachitsulo kungayambitsenso mawu omveka.
- Kuwonetsa ku zinthu zina zokhumudwitsa: Irritants, kuyambira kuwonongeka kwa mpweya kupita ku mankhwala omwe timagwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba zathu, zingayambitse mantha.
- Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a corticosteroids nthawi yayitali: Kuphatikizidwa mu corticosteroids , gulu la inhalers lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse chifukwa cha mphumu kapena COPD lingayambitse mawu omveka. Zikuwoneka kuti zina zotsekemera corticosteroids zimakhala zovuta kuposa zina kuti zithetse mavuto.
- Khansara: Khansa ya larynx (mphepo yamphepete), phasi (mmero), mapapo , chithokomiro , ndi malimphini mwina onse amakhala ndi mantha ngati chizindikiro. Nthawi zina mantha ndi chizindikiro choyamba. Khansara ya Metastatic (khansara yomwe yafalikira) kuchokera m'mawere, m'mapapu kapena m'madera ena a thupi kupita ku mediastinum (malo pakati pa mapapo), ikhoza kuyambitsa mitsempha yotsogolera ku bokosi la mawu ndi kuchititsa mantha.
- Matenda a mitsempha : Stroke , matenda a Parkinson , ndi multiple sclerosis angayambitse mantha chifukwa cha mitsempha yomwe imapereka ndodo.
- Zoopsa: Kukhumudwa koopsa kumadera a mmero, panthawi ya ngozi ya galimoto ingawononge zingwe zamagetsi. Chinthu chofala kwambiri cha vuto lachisokonezo chimapezeka pamene zingwe zamagetsi zowonongeka ndi chubu yomwe imayikidwa pammero panthawi ya opaleshoni (intubation) kapena pa bronchoscopy .
- Spasmodic dysphonia: Spasmodic dysphonia ndi vuto lapafupi ndi minofu ya larynx, zomwe zimabweretsa mantha.
- Laryngeal mitsempha ya ziwalo: Mitsempha yotsogolera ku bokosi la mawu ikhoza kuonongeka ndi opaleshoni iliyonse m'deralo kumene mitsempha imayenda, monga opaleshoni ya chithokomiro, opaleshoni ya mtima, kapena opaleshoni ya mutu ndi khosi.
- Kupweteka kwa thupi linalake kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Momwe Kuwonekera Kumasonyezera
Pa mpumulo, zolembazo zimatseguka. Mukasankha kulankhula (kapena kuimba, kapena kufuula) pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kugwirira ntchito pamodzi kuti phokoso lomveka lipangidwe.
Choyamba, zolembera za mawu zimayenera kubwera palimodzi. Vuto ndi sitepeyi likhonza kukhala palimodzi kapena ndi mitsempha yomwe imapatsa zolemba. Chitsanzo chikhoza kukhala ngati khansara monga khansara yamapapo kapena khansara ya m'mawere imasokoneza mitsempha yomwe imayendetsa pamtima.
Pamene mapepala amatsekedwa, mlengalenga amafunika kupita patsogolo pawo ndikupangitsa kuti mapepala agwedezeke. Apanso, mavuto amatha chifukwa chakuti mawu amadzicheka okha, kapena chifukwa cha chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa kuti mapepala asatsekedwe (mitsempha) kapena chirichonse chimene chimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mpweya kudutsa pamapanga.
Pomwe mpweya umatha kupitirira, mawuwo amafunika "kuchoka" thupi, chirichonse chimene chimasokoneza kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera pammero, m'kamwa, ndi mphuno, kukhoza kusokoneza mawu. Kumveka kupita kudziko lakunja kumapanganso kumalo osungirako. Izi zimathandiza kufotokoza "khalidwe lamanyo" la mawu anu ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza njira zanu.
Phokoso likhoza kukhala losiyana kuchokera kwa munthu wina malinga ndi momwe ilo limayankhira mu ndime za sinus komanso malingana ndi kukula kwa zolemba.
Kuwopsya kungaphatikizepo mapewa awiri kapena chimodzi.
Nthawi yoitanira Dokotala Wanu
Ndikofunika kuti muwone dokotala wanu ngati mukukumva mawu ojambulidwa omwe amatha masiku angapo. Ngakhale kuti zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa mantha ndi zowonongeka ndipo zimayambitsa zifukwa zochepa monga chimfine, zingakhalenso chizindikiro cha chinachake choopsa kwambiri. Ngati chizindikiro chanu chikupitirizabe kukhala kofunika kuti mupange msonkhano ndi dokotala-ngakhale mukuganiza kuti pali chifukwa choyenera. Madokotala amasiyana pa zomwe amachitcha "kupitiriza." Kawirikawiri, ngati zizindikiro zanu zatha milungu yoposa iwiri, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka kapena kugwirizanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zina, muyenera kupanga msonkhano.
Mukawona kutayika kwadzidzidzi kwa mawu kapena kukhala ndi zina zokhudzana ndi zizindikiro, monga kufooka m'thupi lanu, kusintha kwa maso kapena kumutu, dokotala kapena 911 mwamsanga.
Mafunso Mafunso A Dokotala Wanu Akhoza Kufunsa
Mukamapita kwa dokotala, amayamba kusamala mbiri yake. Mafunso ena omwe angafunse ndi awa:
- Kodi zizindikiro zanu zinayamba liti?
- Kodi kusungunuka kwanu kumapitirizabe kapena mumaziwona?
- Kodi muli ndi zizindikiro za "kuzizira," monga mphuno, malungo, kapena chifuwa, kapena mwakhala mukudwala monga tonsillitis kapena mononucleosis?
- Kodi mwasokoneza mawu anu mwachitsanzo, mwa kuyimba kwa timu yanu yomwe mumakonda kwambiri kapena kuimba nyimbo yayitali kapena mokweza kwambiri?
- Kodi inuyo, kapena munayamba mwasuta?
- Kodi mumamwa mowa?
- Kodi muli ndi chifuwa kapena chizungu?
- Ndizochitika zina ziti zamankhwala zomwe muli nazo?
- Kodi mwakumanapo ndi kupweteka kwa mtima, kupweteka kosawerengeka , chifuwa chokhazikika , kukhwima magazi , kuvutika kumeza, kufooka mu gawo lirilonse la thupi lanu kapena kumverera mutu mu khosi lanu?
- Kodi ndi zochitika ziti zamankhwala zomwe zimayendera m'banja lanu?
Ayesa Dokotala Wanu May Order
Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikupitirira ndipo dokotala wanu sakupeza chifukwa chodziwitsani atapenda makutu, mphuno, ndi mmero, akhoza kuitanitsa mayesero ena. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Mayeso a magazi: Kuyang'ana matenda.
- Laryngoscopy: A laryngoscopy ndi mayeso omwe madokotala amagwiritsira ntchito chubu chosakaniza ndi kuwala koyang'ana kuyang'ana pansi pamphuno pamaganizo anu. Mankhwala osokonezeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo kwa mmero musanachitike, ndipo nthawi zambiri anthu samamva bwino .
- CT scan (kapena maphunziro ena ojambula zithunzi): Kuyang'ana khosi ndi chifuwa chanu. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya khansa, kanthani ya PET ingakonzedwe.
- Mayesero ena: Malingana ndi mkhalidwe wanu.
Kuchiza
Kuchiza kudzadalira chifukwa choyambitsa. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mankhwala kuti akuchepetse mmero. Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma thupi lanu ndi mawu kwa masiku angapo zidzakwanira.
Ngati mau anu sakuphatikizika kapena ngati mumakhala ndi mapulogalamu a mawu, nthawi yochulukirapo imakhala yabwino. Ena mwa inu mwamvapo za woimba wanu amene mumakonda kuti aletse ulendo wake kuti apite kwa miyezi ingapo. Izi zingakhale choncho kwa oimba amateur komanso masewera okonda kwambiri masewera.
Ngati mumasuta, ndikofunika kusiya-zonse kuti muthandize kuchiritsa tsopano komanso kupewa mavuto m'tsogolomu.
Kwa iwo amene mavuto awo akupitirira, mankhwala othandizira atha kukhala othandiza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka pamene kubwezeretsa mawu anu ku thanzi.
> Zotsatira:
> Barry, D., ndi M. Vaezi. Laryngopharyngeal reflux: Mafunso ambiri kuposa mayankho. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine . 2010. 77 (5): 327-34.
> Chang, J., Bevans, S., ndi S. Schwartz. Kliniki ya Otolaryngology ya North America: Zochitika Zogwira Ntchito: Utsogoleri wa Kuwopsya / Dysphonia. Mapatala a Otolaryngology a North America . 2012. 45 (5): 1109-26.
> Feierabend, R., ndi M. Shahram. Kusokonezeka kwa akuluakulu. American Family Physician . 2009. 80 (4): 363-70.
> Mau, T. Kuzindikira ndikuyang'ana kusasamala. Madokotala a North America . 2010. 94 (5): 945-60.
> Schwartz, S. et al. Chitsogozo cha kachipatala: hoarseness (dysphonia). Otolaryngology - Mutu ndi Opaleshoni Yam'kati . 2009. 141 (3Suppl 2): S1-S31.
> Spantieas, N., Drosou, E., Bougea, A., ndi D. Assimakopoulos. Inalumikiza Corticosteroids ndi Mavuto a Mau. Kodi Chatsopano ndi chiyani? . Journal of Voice . 2016 Oct 11. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).