Zizindikiro, Kuchiza, ndi Kukhala ndi Matenda a Parkinson
Kodi matenda a Parkinson ndi chiyani? Kodi matendawa amatengedwa bwanji komanso ndi mankhwala ati? Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za moyo tsiku ndi tsiku ndi matendawa?
Mwachidule
Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda a ubongo omwe amatchulidwa ndi dokotala wa ku Britain, James Parkinson, yemwe poyamba anafotokoza bwino zizindikiro zake mu 1817. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu zitatu ndizo kunjenjemera (kutjenjemera komwe kumayambira kumbali imodzi), kukhwima mu thunthu kapena miyendo, ndi kuchepa kwa kuyenda.
Ndi vuto lopitirirabe, kutanthauza kuti limakula kwambiri m'zaka. Koma mankhwala atsopano amaonekera kwa PD omwe akulonjeza kuchepetsa zizindikiro zowononga kwambiri za matendawa.
Kukula
Parkinson's (PD) imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 1 miliyoni ku United States ndi Canada. Amuna amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuti apeze PD kusiyana ndi akazi.
Zimayambitsa
Tinaphunzira m'ma 1950 kuti PD imagwirizana ndi kusowa kwa mankhwala amtundu wa dopamine m'zipinda za ubongo, ngakhale kuti tikuphunzira kuti chifukwa cha matenda a Parkinson ndi chovuta komanso chimaphatikizapo njira zosagwirizanitsa ndi dopamine (njira zopanda dopaminergic) komanso.
Ngakhale tikudziŵa zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha matendawa, sizikudziwika bwino momwe izi zimagwirira ntchito pamodzi kuti zithetse matendawa.
Zowopsa
Ngakhale kuti pafupifupi aliyense angatenge matenda a Parkinson, anthu ena ali pangozi yowonjezera matendawa. Zinthu zosafunika sizikutanthauza kuti wina angapeze matenda a Parkinson, koma ali pangozi yaikulu.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti nthawi zambiri matenda a Parkinson amachokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kutanthauza kuti pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti ubongo ukhale wosinthika. Zowopsa za matenda a Parkinson ndi awa:
- Zaka - Matenda a Parkinson amavomereza (ndi 75 peresenti ya anthu amene akulitsa matendawa atakwanitsa zaka 60) mpaka ali ndi zaka 80, pamene amayamba kuchepa
- Kugonana - Amuna amatha kukhala ndi matenda a Parkinson kuposa amayi
- Mpikisano - Anthu a ku Caucasus ali ndi mwayi wokhala PD kusiyana ndi African American
- Genetics - Kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja ya PD kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi ina, ndipo jini imodzi makamaka imayambitsidwa ndi matenda a Parkinson
- Kuwonetsera kwa mankhwala ena oopsa
- Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (makamaka ntchito zolimbikitsa zomwe zimakhudza dopamine mu ubongo)
- Anthu omwe avulala kwambiri ndi ubongo
Zizindikiro
Popeza dopamine nthawi zambiri imayendetsa mchitidwe wa minofu, matenda a Parkinson amakhudza makamaka kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Komabe palinso zizindikiro zina zosagwirizana ndi thupi, monga mavuto a maganizo, kugona, kuganiza ndi kulankhula.
Matenda oyambirira a magalimoto a Parkinson ndi awa:
- Kuchepa kwa kayendetsedwe ka mawu - Mawu akuti bradykinesia amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza kayendetsedwe kake kakang'ono
- Kutsekemera kwa mpumulo - Kutonthoza uku kumatchedwanso "kupiritsira mapiritsi" pamene akuoneka ngati munthu akuponya mapiritsi m'manja
- Kulemera
Zaka zaposachedwapa zakhala zikupezeka kuti zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda a Parkinson nthawi zambiri sizizindikiro zamagalimoto, ndipo izi zikhoza kukhala zaka zisanu zisanachitike kuti matenda a Parkinson asokonezeke.
Matendawa oyambirira omwe si azimayi a matenda a Parkinson ndi awa:
- Kutaya kwa kununkhira kwabwino (kusokonekera kovuta)
- Kutsekedwa
- Mavuto ogona akuphatikizapo mtundu umodzi wa kugona kosadziwika monga matenda a REM ogona. Matenda ogonawa amawaphatikiza anthu omwe ali ndi PD omwe akuwongolera maloto awo; kumenyedwa kapena kudzipangira okha kapena bedi wokondedwa chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika m'maloto awo
Kuphatikiza pa mavuto ogona, zina zomwe sizimoto za matenda a Parkinson zingaphatikizepo:
- Kutopa
- Matenda aumtima - Kwa theka la anthu omwe ali ndi PD amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu ndipo 30 mpaka 40 peresenti amadwala matenda ovutika maganizo
- Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi mavuto a m'mtima
Mavuto omwe amalankhula ndi matenda a Parkinson ndi ofunika kwambiri, koma ndi ofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ngati ali ndi " nkhope yosasamala " ya matenda a Parkinson zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa zomwe munthu yemwe ali ndi PD akunena. Zizindikiro zina zofala zimaphatikizapo kusokonezeka kwa masomphenya , mavuto a ukodzo , ndi kugonana kosayenera.
Kudziwa
Palibe mayesero osadziwika kuti apeze matenda a Parkinson . Palibe kuyezetsa magazi kapena kupima ubongo komwe kungathe kudziwa ngati wina ali ndi matenda a Parkinson kapena ayi, ndipo amapezeka pambali ya mbiri ya zizindikirozo komanso pambuyo pofufuza mosamala kwambiri. Ngati magalimoto anu amadziwika (kutenthedwa, kusagwedera ndi kusayenda pang'ono) mukakhala ndi mayeso a mankhwala a levodopa , ndiye kuti muli ndi PD.
Kuchiza
Panopa, palibe mankhwala kwa PD, koma pali mankhwala ena othandiza kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, mayesero a zachipatala akuyang'anitsitsa chithandizo chatsopano ndi njira zatsopano zikupezeka chaka chilichonse.
Njira zothandizira matenda a Parkinson ndi zambiri kuphatikizapo njira zosiyana. Mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson akuphatikizapo dopamine m'malo ochizira mankhwala ndi agulu a dopamine agonists kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena omwe amagwira ntchito mosiyana. Kuwongolera kwakukulu kwa ubongo kwawoneka mochulukira m'zaka zaposachedwa ndipo uli ndi mndandandanda wake wa zopindulitsa ndi zamwano.
Ndikofunika kuganizira mankhwala omwe amachititsa matenda a Parkinson, chifukwa zina mwazo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa adzafuna kuganizira njira zothandizira mankhwala. Kuonjezerapo, njira zina zothandizira , ngakhale kuti sangathe kusintha matendawa, zingathandize anthu kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi matendawa.
Kulimbana
N'zotheka kukhala moyo wokhutira ndi PD. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zothandizira chithandizo, pitirizani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe mungathere, ndipo pangani ndikugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chothandizira kuti mukhalebe wodziimira ndikukhala moyo wabwino. Kumbukirani kuti simuli matenda anu. Phunzirani zambiri momwe mungathere pa PD ndikudzilola nokha kuthandizidwa ndi ena pamene mukufunikira.
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi PD, yang'anani pa masitepe awa oyambirira omwe anthu amapezeka ndi matenda a Parkinson .
Ngati Wokondedwa Wanu Wadziwika
Ngati wachibale wanu atapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a Parkinson, sitifunikira kunena kuti PD ndi matenda a m'banja. PD ingakhale ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa maubwenzi . Izi zinkati, ngati inu ndi wokondedwa wanu mutagwirira ntchito limodzi ndikukhalabe omasuka kulankhulana, matenda a PD angakhale nthawi yoti mabanja ayandikire limodzi ndikugwira ntchito limodzi kuti athe kuthana ndi zowawa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zotsatira:
Kasper, Dennis, Anthony Fauci, Stephen Hauser, Dan Longo, ndi J. Jameson. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: Maphunziro a McGraw-Hill, 2015. Print.
Laibulale ya National National Medicine. Medline Plus. Kusinthidwa 10/13/16. https://medlineplus.gov/parkinsonsdisease.html