Palibenso mankhwala a Parkinson's Disease (PD). Koma zakhala zikuchitika patsogolo posaka chithandizo. Zaka khumi zapitazo, mitundu yambiri ya PD yakhala ikupezedwa ndipo ziwalo za PD zomwe zapangidwa ndi mitundu imeneyi zazindikiritsidwa. Kupeza kumeneku kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa kungawonedwe kuti ndizochitika zopezeka pofufuza mankhwala a PD chifukwa asayansi angagwiritse ntchito majini omwe akufunsidwa pofuna kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
Kwa mbiriyi, zilema zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimaphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwa kusintha kwa thupi (kusintha kusintha kwa mankhwala) kapena zovuta za magawo a jini. Majini omwe akufufuzidwa amaphatikizapo alpha-synuclein gene, nthenda yotchedwa ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), majini awiri a leucine-repeat kinase (LRRK) 2, ndi Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1 ndi Jini la ATPase13A2.
Tsopano, ndithudi, maina onse a majini angangomveka ngati chinenero chachilendo kwa inu. Koma ndikukutsimikizirani kuti kupezeka kwawo kudzachititsa kuti pakhale chitukuko chachikulu pakufuna chithandizo cha PD.
Kukonza Mavuto a Genetic Amene Angayambitse Matenda a Parkinson
Ife tsopano tikudziwa kuti mitundu yina ya zofooka za majini pa majini ena angayambitse PD. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati tikhoza kukonza ma jini, timatha kupewa kapena kuthetsa matendawa. Pakhala pali ntchito m'dera lino kale ndipo ntchito zina zosangalatsa zikuchitika.
Malo onsewa ofufuzira amatchedwa kuti mankhwala ochizira matenda kapena mankhwala ochizira. Pakalipano, kufalikira mu ubongo wa makoswe (makoswe omwe awononga maselo a dopamine) a wodwala wodwala amene amasonyeza Park1 ya anthu kukhala ndondomeko ya phokoso la PD adatetezera ku dopamine cell loss and khalidwe la Parkinson ngati chikwama.
N'zoona kuti kusintha kwa makoswe a PD ndi njira yowonetsera kuti chinthu chomwecho chikhoza kuchitika mu ubongo wa munthu.
Mmene Matenda a Zachiberekero Amayendera Angayambitse Matenda a Magulu a Parkinson
Kafukufuku wa zolakwika za chibadwa zomwe zimayambitsa mitundu yobadwira ya PD zasonyeza kuti PD ikhoza kubweretsa pamene imodzi mwa njira zambiri zimatha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maselo awonongeke mu ubongo. Njira yoyamba ikukhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka khalidwe labwino pokonza mapuloteni mu ubongo. Mapuloteni ndiwo mamangidwe onse a thupi lanu.
Choncho pamene ntchito yopanga mapuloteni imatha, pang'onopang'ono mapuloteni opangidwa molakwika amayamba kudziunjikira m'maselo, ndipo pambali ya alpha-synuclein, amathandiza kupanga mapangidwe a Lewy . Akatswiri ofufuza akufufuzirabe za udindo wa matupi a Lewy pa chitukuko cha matenda a Parkinson, koma chiphunzitso chimodzi chimasonyeza kuti mapuloteni amagwira ntchito yowonongeka ya selo ndi zopanda ntchito. Vuto lina limene limayambitsa matenda a majini omwe amachititsa kuti mitundu ya PD ikhale yodalitsika, imadziwika kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri. Mitochondria ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono m'maselo anu omwe ali ndi udindo wopereka mphamvu kwa thupi.
Njira yowonjezera ya ntchito ya mitochondrial ndiyo yopanga maulamuliro omasuka - maselo ang'onoang'ono omwe angapweteke maselo opanga dopamine. Pamene mitochondria imagwira ntchito moyenera, izi zowonongeka zimasulidwa ndi kuwonongedwa. Koma pamene mitochondria sichitha kugwira ntchito bwino, amawomboledwe omasuka amawongolera mu ubongo ndi kuwononga maselo opanga dopamine.
Potsirizira pake, zilema zomwe zimayambitsa PD zimapezekanso m'zinthu zotchedwa kinase mapuloteni. Mapuloteniwa ali ndi ntchito zambiri mu selo, ndipo ochita kafukufuku akuyesetsabe kumvetsetsa momwe majini amasinthira kuti PD.
Zotsatira:
Denise M. Kay, Jennifer S. Montimurro ndi Haydeh Payami. Genetics. Mu: Matenda a Parkinson: Kusanthula ndi Kusamalira Katemera: Kusindikiza Kachiwiri Kusinthidwa ndi Stewart A Factor, DO ndi William J Weiner, MD. Ma Demomu a 2008 Akufalitsa Zamankhwala.
Andrew J. Lees, chimbudzi cha Parkinson. Neurology 2009; 72; S2-S11; Mochizuki H. Gene mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson. Katswiri Rev Neurother. 2007 Aug; 7 (8): 957-60.