Fomu ya Granulomas M'thupi
Sarcoidosis ndi matenda omwe angathe kuchitika mthupi lonse koma makamaka amakhudza mapapo. Mu sarcoidosis, kutupa kumatulutsa mitsempha ya maselo (granulomas) mu matupi a thupi. Granulomas ikhoza kukulira ndi kugwirana pamodzi ndi kukhudza mmene thupi limagwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chiyani mawonekedwe a granulomas sakuwonekera, koma ochita kafukufuku amaganiza kuti sarcoidosis ikukula pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimayankha chinthu china chilengedwe.
Sarcoidosis imakhudza amuna ndi akazi a misinkhu yonse ndi mafuko onse. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuti ali akuluakulu pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 40. Sarcoidosis imapezeka kawirikawiri ku Swedes, Denmark, African American, ndi anthu a ku Asia, Ireland, ndi Puerto Rico. Anthu omwe amatha kukhala ndi sarcoidosis ndi awa:
- ogwira ntchito zaumoyo
- osatulutsa
- aphunzitsi a pulayimale ndi a pulayimale
- anthu otsekedwa ku fumbi laulimi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena nkhungu
- ozimitsa moto
Zizindikiro za Sarcoidosis
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi sarcoidosis (30 mpaka 50 peresenti) alibe zizindikiro. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amapezeka mwadzidzidzi pamene anthuwa ali ndi chifuwa cha zina. Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi sarcoidosis ali ndi zizindikiro zambiri monga:
- malungo
- kutopa, kufooka
- kulemera kapena kusowa kwa njala
- musamve bwino (malaise)
Anthu omwe ali ndi sarcoidosis omwe mapapo awo amakhudzidwa ndi matenda (90 peresenti ya anthu) ali ndi zizindikiro monga:
- kupuma pang'ono
- chifuwa chouma
- kupuma
- Chifuwa chosasangalatsa, makamaka ndi chifuwa
Zizindikiro za khungu ku sarcoidosis (25 peresenti ya anthu) zingaphatikizepo izi:
- zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba kapena malo a khungu loyeretsedwa pafupi ndi mphuno, maso, kumbuyo, mikono, miyendo, kapena khungu
- Ziphuphu zowawa pamapiko kapena m'maso omwe ali ofiira kapena ofiira a mtundu wofiira ndi oleredwa pang'ono (wotchedwa "erythema nodosum")
- zilonda za khungu kapena mkati mwa mphuno, pamasaya, m'makutu, m'maso, kapena zala (kutchedwa "lupus pernio")
Sarcoidosis ingakhudze maso, mtima ndi ziwalo zina za thupi, kuchititsa zizindikiro zina. Sarcoidosis ikhozanso kuyambitsa kupweteka kwamtundu ndi minofu. Zizindikiro za sarcoidosis ikhoza kubwera kapena kutha nthawi yaitali. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe; ena angakhale ndi mavuto ambiri.
Kusanthula Sarcoidosis
Kupezeka kwa sarcoidosis kungakhale kovuta chifukwa cha zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingathe kubweretsa ndipo chifukwa matenda ambiri angayambitse zizindikiro zomwezo. Mbiri yakale yokhudza zachipatala ndi kuyeza kwathunthu kwa thupi kungathandize kuzindikira sarcoidosis. Dokotala akhoza kuchita mayesero osiyanasiyana, monga chifuwa x-ray, mapulogalamu oyendetsa mapapo, electrocardiogram (ECG) ndi makina a computerized tomography (CT) pofuna kufufuza zizindikiro za sarcoidosis ndi thandizo la matendawa. Chitsanzo cha minofu yamapapu (mapapu a chiwindi) nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kukafuna kukhalapo kwa granulomas .
Kuchiza Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis imasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu, kotero mankhwala amasiyana ndi wodwala aliyense ndipo amadalira momwe akudwala. Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa thupi kumakhudzidwa ndi sarcoidosis ndi momwe matendawa angakhalire ndi othandizira kudziwa momwe amachitira mankhwala.
Anthu opanda zizindikiro kawirikawiri samafunikira chithandizo. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro, prednisone mankhwala ndi mankhwala aakulu. Mankhwala ena, monga Rheumatrex (methotrexate) kapena Imuran (azathioprine), akhoza kuperekedwa pamodzi ndi prednisone kapena kutengedwa okha. Mankhwala ena angafunike malinga ndi zizindikiro, monga madontho a maso kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Erythema nodosum nthawi zambiri imachoka popanda mankhwala. Lupus pernio amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi zokometsera kapena mankhwala omwe amatengedwa pakamwa kapena jekeseni pakhungu.
Zotsatira:
> "Sarcoidosis." Matenda Achilonda. June 2007. National Lung Lung and Blood Institute.
Wu, Jennifer J., ndi Karin Rashcovsky Schiff. "Sarcoidosis." American Family Physician 70 (2004): 312-322.