Amatchedwanso: mucosa, mucosae, mucosal minofu
Nkhumba zimateteza mkati mwa thupi lanu zomwe zimawonekera mlengalenga, mofananamo momwe khungu lanu limatetezera thupi lanu la kunja. Zitsanzo za mucous membrane zikuphatikizapo: milomo, pakamwa, m'mphuno , m'mutu mwa khutu komanso tsamba la eustachian . Zina mwazinyalala zimaphatikizapo zowonjezereka m'magazi, chigawo cha urogenital (kuphatikizapo urethra ndi vagin), chipinda cha kapiritsidwe, ndi maso anu (conjunctival membranes).
Nkhungu zimakhala ndi mitsempha yotchedwa mucous glands yomwe imachititsa kuti ntchentche zisamawonongeke.
Thupi la munthu liri ndi mitundu iwiri ya minofu yomwe ziwalo zathu, mafupa, cartilage, ndi ziwalo zina za thupi zimapangidwa. Imodzi mwa mitundu, epithelium, imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mucous membranes, ndi serous membranes. Masefu amphwangwa amapangidwa ndi maselo a epithelial omwe nthawi zambiri amaphimba ndi kuteteza minofu yambiri yomwe imagwirira ntchito kumbali ina.
Ziphuphu Zambiri Zam'mimba, Mphuno & Throat
Chifukwa chakuti amapezeka kudziko lakunja, timadzi timene timapezeka mumakutu anu, mphuno, ndi mmero.
Mphungu yamphongo ndi ofiira pinki ndipo imayika mkati mwa pakamwa. Mlomo wamlomo umapitiriza kunja kwa pakamwa kuti ukhale milomo. Chifukwa mazira amatha kukhala owuma koma osakhala ndi madzi okwanira, milomo imakhala yowuma nthawi zambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, mphuno yanu imathandiza kuti milomo yanu isawonongeke.
Mphungu yamphongo imayikidwa ndi mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yomwe imathandiza kutentha ndi kuyambitsa mpweya umene mumapuma. Nkhumbazi zimagwirizananso ndi cilia , zooneka ngati tsitsi, zomwe zimathandizira kugwidwa ndi zinyalala zomwe mumapuma. Cilia ndiye amachititsa zitsulozo kutsogolo kwa mphuno kapena kumbuyo kwa mmero.
Mphuno ya mitsempha ndi mzere woyamba wa chitetezo cha khutu la pakati, lomwe nthawi zambiri mabakiteriya amamasulidwa. Mofanana ndi mulu wamphongo wamphongo, mucosa m'makutu muli cilia yomwe imasunthira zitsamba zilizonse pazitseko la eustachian. Khopu yotchedwa eustachian imakhala ndi timadzi timene timene timayambira kumbuyo kwa mmero kuti tamezedwe, kuteteza khutu lakati kuti lisatenge kachilombo. Mphungu yamkati mkati mwa khutu imatulutsanso maselo ku chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chingakhale chifukwa chake otitis ndi mauthenga amadzimadzi amatulutsa matenda.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi gawo lopweteketsa kuti alowetse, ndipo ndilo kusunthira chakudya kumimba. Peristalsis amagwira ntchito yozungulirira kuti athandize kayendedwe ka zakudya. Mphungu yam'mimbayi imakhala ndi tizilombo tating'onong'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa bicarbonate mwapamwamba kwambiri. Bicarbonate imathandiza kuti asamangomaliza kusakanikirana ndi mimba .
Kukalamba ndi Ziphuphu Zanu Zambiri
Mosiyana ndi khungu (khungu) kunja kwa thupi lanu, nsonga zamkati zimakhala zotetezedwa ndi mazira a ultraviolet ndi kutentha kwa nyengo. Izi zimathandiza kuti ma membrane akhale osasinthika panthawi ya ukalamba.
Nkhumba zimakhala m'malo mwachangu. Pali chikhulupiliro chakuti mazira amayamba kuchepa ndi ukalamba, komabe izi zilibe zofukufuku zambiri.
Mitsempha ya Mucous Mlomo ndi Mirror ya Thupi
Mlomo wamakono umatchulidwa kuti "galasi la thupi" chifukwa mazira a m'kamwa mwako amasintha malinga ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuyezetsa bwino kwapadera kungathandize dokotala wanu kuti adziwe vuto lomwe mungakhale nalo. Kusintha kumawoneka m'mavuto awa:
- hematologic - kusowa kwa magazi m'thupi
- Kugonjetsa - matenda a Sjögren
- Matenda a mapapo (mapapu) - sarcoidosis
- endocrine - shuga, matenda a chithokomiro, Cushing syndrom, kapena Addison matenda
- m'mimba - matenda a Crohn
Kusamalira Ziphuphu Zanu Zambiri
Manyowa amadzimadzi ndi chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa madzi ndipo amachititsa mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo. Mwachitsanzo, mitsempha yowuma muzitsulo za mphuno ikhoza kuchititsa minyanga yambiri yamagazi . Mutha kuthandizira kuti mukhale ndi madzi ambiri. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yokonza zinthu, makamaka mthunzi wozizira .
Chitsime:
Islam, NM, Bhattacharyya, I & Cohen, DM. (2011). Mawonedwe Ovomerezeka Omwe Amavomereza a Matenda Oopsa. Makanema a Otolaryngologic a North America. 44 (1). 161-182.
Lim, DJ (1976). Mapulogalamu a morpholoji ogwira ntchito mu mucosa wa khutu la pakati ndi chubu la Eustachian. Ann Otol Chinayi Laryngol. (2 Suppl 25 Pt 2): 36-43.
National Cancer Institute. SEER Training Modules: Zilonda. Idapezeka: December 14, 2010 kuchokera ku http://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/cells_tissues_membranes/membranes.html
Nelson, LP (nd). Biology ya M'kamwa. Inapezeka pa 2/28/2016 kuchokera ku http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/biology-of-the-mouth-and-teeth/biology-of-the-mouth
Squier, CA & Kremer, MJ (2001). Biology ya mouth mucosa ndi malo. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. (29): 7-15.
Tucci, DL (nd). Mphuno ndi Ziphuphu. Inapezeka pa 2/28/2016 kuchokera ku http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/ear,-nose,-and-throat-disorders/biology-of-the-ears,-nose,-and-throat/nose- ndi-sinuses