Mwachidule
Pali mitundu itatu ya chifuwa chachikulu : chifuwa chachikulu, chifuwa chachikulu, ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Ngati chifuwa chanu chinapitirira kwa masabata osachepera atatu, munakhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu chomwe chinasintha. Mafupa opitirira masabata atatu koma masabata osachepera asanu amalingaliridwa kuti ndi osowa. Kuthamanga kwa mavalasi apambuyo amawonedwa kuti ndi osowa. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chifuwa chokhala ndi masabata opitirira asanu, chifuwa chanu chidzaonedwa ngati chosachiritsika.
Ngati chifuwa chanu chakhala patatha masiku osachepera 21 mutatha kuzizira, mukutheka kuti muli ndi chifuwa chotsatira. Ngakhale kuti chifuwa chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka chimachitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana , amatha kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya kapena fungal.
Chifukwa Chake Tili ndi Chotupa
Kodi munayamba mwakayakayika mukamamva munthu akubvala kwambiri kapenanso mafuta onunkhiritsa . Kapena mwinamwake muli ndi vuto la kumbuyo kwa msana ndipo mwakhala mukutsokomola kuyambira pamenepo. Kugwedeza ndikumvetsa komwe kungayambitsidwe ndi zokopa zamakina komanso zamakina . Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mpweya wam'mwamba, chifuwa cha chifuwa chimayambitsa: tsamba lopuma ndi lopuma, piricardium (minofu ya mtima), mimba, chifuwa ndi m'mimba.
Mankhwala amapepala amachititsa chifuwa akakhudzidwa kapena akusunthidwa. Mankhwala opanga mankhwala amachitapo kanthu akawonekera: kusintha kwa kutentha, poyera ku asidi, kapena zinthu zofanana ndi capsaicin.
Alandira pafupi ndi larynx, trachea, ndi bronchi, amatha kuyambitsa magetsi onse kapena mankhwala. Ngati makina opangidwa ndi makina kapena mankhwala amayamba, mumayamba kukopa.
Kukula
Kodi mumakhala ndi chifuwa chotani? Pambuyo pokhala ndi kachilombo kamodzi kamene kamapuma kupuma, anthu khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (25) mpaka 25 (100) ali ndi chifuwa chotsatira chotsatira.
Panthawiyi, simudzafalitsa, koma mudzakhala ndi chifuwa chodetsa nkhawa chimene chingasokoneze ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a fungal kapena mabakiteriya monga Mycoplasma pneumoniae kapena Bordetella pertussis (matenda a bakiteriya), chiwopsezo chanu chimawonjezeka mpaka pafupifupi 25 mpaka 50 peresenti ya chiopsezo chotenga matenda.
Kuthamanga kwa mavalasi amtunduwu kumakhalako nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana opuma. Kugwedeza kawirikawiri kumachitika zambiri ndi ana a msinkhu wa sukulu; akukumana ndi magawo 7 mpaka 10 pachaka. Ngakhale kuti akuluakulu amangoona magawo awiri kapena asanu pa chaka, chiopsezo si chachikulu kwa ana kapena akulu.
Zimayambitsa
Chifukwa chimene mumasungira chifuwa mutatha kupuma kwapachilombo sikukudziwika bwino. Komabe amakhulupirira kuti kukhalabe kotupa ndi kusokoneza mitsempha yapamwamba kapena yapamtunda (epithelial) umphumphu kuchokera ku chimfine ndi udindo. Pamene mphulupulu imatuluka kuchokera kumtunda wam'mwamba (monga momwe zimakhalira pambuyo pake), chifuwa cha chifuwa chingayambike. Zomwe zimachititsa kuti chifuwachi chikhalepo pambuyo pake ndi monga:
- kupuma kwa sycytial virus (RSV)
- Fuluwenza (chimfine)
- parainfluenza (kaŵirikaŵiri yogwirizana ndi croup )
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Nthaŵi zambiri, simukusowa kukaonana ndi dokotala chifukwa cha chifuwa chamatenda. Komabe, ngati mukupitirizabe chifuwa choipira kapena chovuta kwa inu, ndipo simunapitirire kwa milungu yoposa 8, mudzafuna kuwona dokotala wa mpumulo wodabwitsa kapena ntchito yowonjezera.
Kudziwa
Muzochitika zachilendo simukuyenera kupeza kuti mukudwala chifuwa chotenga kachilomboka posachedwa mukakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ndipo muli ndi chifuwa chosapitirira milungu isanu ndi itatu. Komabe ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zovuta zomwe zimakhudza umoyo wanu, mudzafuna kuonana ndi dokotala.
Dokotala wanu adzatenga mbiri yonse kuphatikizapo kuzizira kwanu, komanso zizindikiro za chifuwa chanu. Chifuwa choterechi chimapezeka mwa kusagwiritsa ntchito zifukwa zina (etiologies) za chifuwa chachikulu. Malingana ndi mbiri yanu, dokotala wanu angafunike kuthetsa zifukwa zina izi za chifuwa chachikulu:
- Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal (GERD)
- reflux laryngopharyngeal (LPR)
- Matenda a m'mphepete mwa m'mimba (UACS)
- mphumu
- matenda ena amtunda akuthawa
- mankhwala operekedwa
Dokotala wanu sangayesedwe kukuyesani chifukwa cha zifukwa zina izi. Iwo adziwone ngati chimodzi mwa izi ziyenera kuyesedwa malinga ndi kafukufuku wawo wa zachipatala ndi mbiri yanu ya zamankhwala.
Chithandizo
Kachilomboka, chifuwa choterechi chidzasintha payekha. Komabe ngati chifuwa chanu chikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi umoyo wanu, mungapeze kuti nthawi yolingalira pakati pa milungu itatu ndi itatu ikhale yaitali kwambiri. Ngati ndi choncho, mungafune kuonana ndi dokotala wodwalayo. Pali njira ziwiri zochiritsira zosiyanasiyana zomwe dokotala wanu angakuyese kuti mupereke mpumulo wabwino kwambiri.
Pofuna kukuthandizani bwino, dokotala wanu adzafunika kudziwa ngati chifuwa chanu chotsatira chifuwa chimachitika chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa msana (komwe tsopano kumatchedwa matenda apamwamba a mpweya wabwino) kapena ngati mukugwirizana ndi kutupa kapena kutaya chifuwa chakumtunda kuchokera ku HIV.
Matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a chifuwa cha m'mlengalenga (UACS) amachitiranso chithandizo chimodzimodzi ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi nonallergenic UACS. Monga mankhwala oyamba, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani inu antihistamine wa m'badwo woyamba. Ngakhale gululi la mankhwala likukhala mozungulira kwambiri kusiyana ndi antihistimines yatsopano, imakhala yogwira mtima pochepetsa chifuwa chanu. Antihistamines zomwe zingakhale zolembedwera zimaphatikizapo:
- brompheniramine
- chlorpheniramine
- chisamaliro
Komabe ngati mukufunikira kugwira ntchito kapena kukhala otanganidwa kwambiri komanso kusungunuka kumakhudza antihistamines yomwe ili pamwambapa ndi yosayenera, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa:
Kuthamanga kwa mavalasi apambuyo popanda UACS kumagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa minofu ya pamtunda ndi chifuwa cha chifuwa kuchokera ku matenda anu. Chithandizo cha chifuwa chotsatira pambuyo pa chifuwachi chikufanana ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu . Dokotala wanu pakadali pano angakhale kuti mutengere mayeso a methacholine kapena antihistamine kuti muwone ngati muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Malinga ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu, mutha kuuzidwa mankhwala amodzi kapena awa:
- inhaled glucocorticoids
- ophatikizitsa mankhwalawa
- a leukotriene omwe amamenyana nawo
- oral prednisone
Ngati kuyesa kwanu sikukuwonetseratu koopsa, zingakhale zothandiza kuyesa njira ya ipratropium bromide (Atrovent). Atrovent yawonetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino pakatha chidziwitso cha tizilombo pamene chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu sichikudziwika.
Zotsatira:
Braman, SS. (2006). Chilakolako Chokhalitsa Mankhwala: ACCP Malangizo Othandizira Omwe Amagwiritsa Ntchito Zipatala. Chifuwa. 129 (1 Suppl): 138S-146S.
Hughes, J & Shield, MD. (2009). Chifuwa chosasunthika chokhachokha. Mapatala ndi Matenda a Ana, 19 (6): 291-293.
Rutter, P. (2013). Njira Yopuma. Community Pharmacy: Zizindikiro, Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Idapezeka pa October 29, 2016 kuchokera ku http://www.clinicalkey.com. (Kulembetsa Kuyenera Kuyenera)
Sylvestri, RC & Weinberger, SE. (2014). Kuwonetsa subacute ndi chifuwa chachikulu kwa akuluakulu. Idapezeka pa October 29, 2016 kuchokera ku http://www.uptodate.com. (Kulembetsa Kuyenera Kuyenera)
Sylvestri, RC & Weinberger, SE. (2016). Kuchiza kwa chifuwa chachikulu ndi chifuwa chachikulu kwa akuluakulu. Idapezeka pa October 30, 2016 kuchokera ku http://www.uptodate.com. (Kulembetsa Kuyenera Kuyenera)