Ngati mukulandira mankhwala a chemotherapy , ovomerezeka wanu mwachidziwikire amakuuzani za chiopsezo cha matenda ndi momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo chanu. Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi omwe amatchedwa mankhwala a chemotherapy-omwe amachititsa neutropenia kungachititse kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza komanso matenda opatsirana ngati sakulandira nthawi.
Ndithudi, ngoziyi idzakhala yosiyana malinga ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy amene mukulandira, kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi, ndi mankhwala omwe mumalandira kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi (monga Neulasta kapena Neupogen ).
Koma aliyense ayenera kudziwa zina mwazidzidzidzi zoopsa pa matenda a kansa.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti, ngakhale kuti zomwe mukuwerengazo ndi zachilendo, mungakhalebe pangozi. Ndi khansa komanso mankhwala ochepetsa khansa mukhoza kukhala ndi nambala yeniyeni ya maselo oyera a magazi, koma omwe alipo sangagwire ntchito komanso kulimbana ndi othawa monga mabakiteriya.
Panthawi imodzimodzi yomwe ili ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka, ndikofunika kukhala moyo wamba ngati momwe mungathere ndi kutenga nawo mbali zomwe mumakonda. Mukuyang'ana kuti? Kodi mungapite ku kanema ya zaka khumi ndi ziwiri za mdzukulu wa zidzukulu?
Tiyeni tiyambe mwa kukambirana zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingatheke. Pali njira zambiri zosavuta zomwe mungatenge kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu. Mungathe kulemba mndandandawu ndikufunsani dokotala zomwe mungachite komanso ngati ali ndi malingaliro ena momwe mungakhalire wathanzi ngati mukuthera khansa.
Kubwerera kumsonkhano wa oyimba, ndifunikanso kufunsa wanu oncologist za zinthu zomwe simukuzidziwa. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimabwera kusewera, osati ngati ayi kapena nyengoyi ili pakati pa nyengo ya chimfine.
Kuopsa kwa Kugonjetsedwa Ndikofunika Kwambiri Pa Chemotherapy
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kumvetsetsa kuti chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndi chofunika kwambiri pakapita mankhwala.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomveka ndi chakuti, ngati mukuyenera kukhala ndi matenda, zingakhale zovuta kuti muzimenya. Ndithudi, maantibayotiki angathandize, komabe tikudalira kwambiri chitetezo cha mthupi kuti tichite nkhondo zambiri. Izi zikuwonekera ngati mukukumbukira nkhani za "makanda" omwe amabadwa opanda chitetezo chamthupi cholimba.
Chifukwa china ndi chakuti pamene chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitetezedwa, mukhoza kukhala ndi matenda ndi mabakiteriya kapena kachilombo kamene kamakhala kawirikawiri kakuyambitsa matenda. Timakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tsiku ndi tsiku osadziwa chifukwa chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimagwira ntchito yawo.
Komatu ngozi ina ndi yakuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe mumakhala nawo kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala zingakhale zovuta kuchiza. "Nkhumba" zosagonjetsedwazi zakhala ndi njira zopulumutsira ngakhale mankhwala amphamvu. Ngati munapemphedwapo za " MRSA " ichi ndi chitsanzo. Matenda a antibiotic akukhala ovuta chaka chilichonse pamene "ziphuphu" zimakhala bwino.
Pomalizira, zingakhale zovuta kuzindikira kupezeka kwa matenda pamene wina akulimbana ndi khansa. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa chokhudzana ndi khansara yanu, zingakhale zovuta kudziwa ngati mwakhala ndi matenda kapena ngati matenda anu ali ndi kanseri yokha.
Tsopano popeza mukudziŵa zina mwa zoopsa za matenda, tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino m'mene mungachepetsere.
Maso a Anthu
Chimodzi mwa zoopsa zomwe zimawopsa kwambiri pa matenda a chemotherapy zimapezeka pamene anthu ali pafupi kwambiri ndi ena. Ophunzira a Atcologist nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kupewa makamu, koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kutsekemera pafupi kumalo oyandikana kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa kukhala kunja kwa zitseko. Izi zingaphatikizepo kayendetsedwe ka ndege monga ndege kapena basi, kapena malo monga malo ogula zinthu zambiri.
Kaya mumayenera kupeŵa makamu angadalire ndondomeko yanu yoyera ndi nthawi ya chaka.
Ngati ndi nthendayi ya nyengo ya chimfine, monga mwezi wa January, mumatha kutenga kachilombo kusiyana ndi kufooketsa (kuchokera ku matenda) miyezi yachilimwe.
Ngati mukuyenera kukhala pamalo odzaza, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna kuvala maski.
Kuwopsa kwa Mthupi ndi Othandizira Amene Ali Odwala
Ndi bwino kupewa anthu omwe akudwala kuphatikizapo okondedwa anu. Izi zikhonza kukhumudwitsa mtima nthawi zina, koma ganizirani momwe wokondedwa wanu angamve ngati atazindikira kuti mumadwala matendawa.
Kusiyanitsa kugawana chirichonse ndi okondedwa, kuchokera ku makapu kupita ku ziwiya zogwiritsira ntchito, mpaka ku nsapato za mano komanso ngakhale kupanga.
Zowopsa Zakudya
Tikudziwa kuti zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayambitsa matenda, ndipo pali pafupi ndi miyezi 50 miliyoni ya matenda omwe amabwera nawo ku United States.
Komabe, monga tanenera pamwambapa, mutha kukhala pachiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi zakudya zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta, ndipo ngakhale matenda aakulu angakhale ovuta kwambiri. Nazi malingaliro othandizira kuchepetsa kutengeka kwanu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa mankhwala a chemotherapy.
- Pewani nyama iliyonse yopsa. Idyani nyama yakufiira bwino. Idyani chakudya chophika chophika bwino, mwazinthu zina, palibe sushi mpaka mutatsiriza ndi mankhwala.
- Sambani zokolola zonse mosamala.
- Mazira ayenera kuphikidwa bwino. Pewani mazira ophika dzuwa ndi kulamula mazira benedict ngati mazira ofiira sakugwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Pewani uchi - Monga momwe ana osapitirira zaka chimodzi sayenera kudya uchi chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha botulism, uchi uyenera kupeŵedwa mwa iwo omwe ali osatetezedwa.
- Samalani ndi kuipitsidwa kwapakati. Musagwiritse ntchito bolodabo chomwecho kuti mudye nkhuku ndi masamba.
- Yang'anani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kuti ziwonongeke.
- Ngati mudya, pewani buffets komwe zakudya zatsala komanso kuti zitha kuipitsidwa ndi anthu omwe akufufuzira kapena kupopera.
- Pewani zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zikhale nkhungu, monga brie ndi tchizi.
Ichi ndi chiyambi, koma phunzirani zambiri zomwe musadye pa mankhwala a chemotherapy .
Ziweto Zingakhale Zotsatira Zachirombo
Galu akhoza kukhala bwenzi lapamtima la munthu, ndipo kwenikweni, mankhwala opatsirana kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yapezeka kuti ali ndi madalitso angapo. Komabe pali zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa ngati mukufuna kusunga ziweto zanu pa mankhwala a chemotherapy. Palinso ziweto zochepa zimene mungakongolere mnzanuyo mpaka mankhwala anu atatha.
Matenda ambiri omwe angayambitse vuto la chemotherapy ndizovuta kwambiri ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, mwina simukudziwa zambiri mwa izi. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti zoonotic matenda kuti afotokoze matenda omwe angathe kufalikira pakati pa nyama ndi anthu.
Chimodzi mwa zoopsa kwambiri ndi Toxoplasmosis . Pafupifupi 25 mpaka 30 peresenti ya anthu ali ndi umboni wokhudzana ndi matendawa chifukwa cha bacterium Toxoplasma gondii . Ngakhale kuti matendawa amakhala ofatsa kapena osadziwika, angayambitse zizindikiro zoopsa monga kupweteka kapena khungu kwa anthu omwe asokoneza ma chitetezo cha mthupi. Mwinamwake mumadziwa bwino matendawa chifukwa ndi chifukwa chakuti amayi omwe ali ndi pakati akulangizidwa kuti asasinthe mabotolo.
Ngati mumakonda kitty wanu ndi zabwino. Ndibwino kuti muvale magolovesi kapena wina asinthe chida. Kuika kathi wanu m'nyumba kumachepetsanso chiopsezo. Kumbukirani kuti amphaka nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito minda ngati malitala, ndipo kuvala magolovesi ndibwino pamene mukulima ngati muli ndi kamba kapena ayi.
Pali zambiri zomwe tingachite pokhudzana ndi ziweto ndi matenda pa mankhwala a chemotherapy. Ngati muli ndi ziweto, zindikirani momwe mungasamalire ziweto zanu pa mankhwala a chemotherapy mwa kuphunzira za zodzitetezera ndi nyama zina. Kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo angapo kungaphimbe maziko anu ambiri.
- Pewani kutenga mwana wamphongo kapena chifuwa pa mankhwala a chemotherapy. Sikuti achinyamatawa amatha kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda awo, koma akhoza kukhala ochuluka, osati ntchito, kusiyana ndi mwana wamng'ono, ndipo kupumula kwanu n'kofunika kwambiri panthawi yachipatala.
- Ngati muli ndi amphaka, yesetsani kuwasunga m'nyumba ngati n'kotheka. Matenda ambiri amachokera ku "masewera achilengedwe" amene amapeza.
- Khalani ndi wina atsuke bokosi la zinyalala ndikunyamula galimoto doo-doo.
- Sewerani ndi chiweto chanu mosamala. Matenda ambiri amatha kupititsidwa ndi zilonda ndi zowonongeka (kapena ndi phula ndi ndowe).
- Gwiritsani ntchito magolovesi ngati mukutola zinyama, kutsuka khola la mbalame, kapena kuyeretsa aquarium.
- Zinyama monga nyama zakutchire ndi nyama zakutchire zimapewa bwino pa mankhwala a chemotherapy. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi njoka ya ndevu, mwinamwake ndi bwino, malinga ngati mukuyang'ana ndipo musakhudze.
Njira Zina Zothandizira Kuteteza Matenda
Pali mauthenga angapo a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe angakuthandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
- Gwiritsani ntchito thovu lamagetsi m'malo mwa lumo
- Sambani kapena kusamba tsiku ndi tsiku
- Gwiritsani ntchito mabotolo otsekemera
Katemera ndi Chemotherapy
Kaya mukuyenera kulandira katemera kapena ayi pa nthawi ya chemotherapy mukhoza kupita kumbali zonse, ndipo ndizofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
Pali mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ya katemera, omwe "aphedwa" ndi omwe "amavutitsidwa." Katemera wotetezedwa ali ndi moyo ndipo ayenera kupeŵa pa mankhwala a chemotherapy. Odwala omwe amaphedwa ndi nkhuku sangathe kuyambitsa matenda, koma sangagwire ntchito yowononga chitetezo cha mthupi.
Popeza chimfine chimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana kwambiri omwe ali ndi khansa, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna kutenga chimfine komanso nthawi yabwino kuti mulandire. Katemera wa mphutsi wamtundu wa mafupa (FluMist) ndi katemera wotetezedwa ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala a chemotherapy.
Pali majekeseni omwe amatchulidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa .
Njira zoteteza: Masks ndi Gloves
Ngati chiwerengero chanu choyera chiri chochepa ndipo ngati mutakhala pagulu, oncologist wanu angakulimbikitseni kuvala maski. Ngati muvala maski, onetsetsani kuti zikugwirizana bwino ndi zisindikizo. Kumbukirani kuti chigoba chingachepetse kutsegula kwathu koma sikulepheretsa kuwonetsetsa kwa mabakiteriya onse ndi mavairasi.
Musanayambe mankhwala a chemotherapy, zingakhale zothandiza kunyamula bokosi la magolovesi omwe angayambe omwe mungagwiritse ntchito chirichonse kuchotsa kumaso kwa ana kuti aziyeretsa pambuyo pa zinyama.
Kusamba m'manja Anu
Zikuwoneka kuti tonse timadziwa kusamba m'manja , sichoncho? Ambiri a ife tinaphunzitsidwa pamene sitinali kusukulu. Ponena za kufunika kokhala ndi kuphunziranso bwino kuyambitsako m'manja kungathandize kuzindikira kuti opaleshoni onse "adaphunziranso" momwe angasambitsire manja pa sukulu ya zachipatala ndikukhala. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimawonekeratu zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa bakiteriya m'manja.
Chinthu choyamba ndikutambasula manja anu. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti sopo ya antibiotic sichifunikira, sopo wabwino basi. Gawo lotsatira ndilo limene anthu ambiri amasokonezeka. Sakanizani manja anu kwa masekondi 20. Mungafunikire kudzipangira nokha, monga momwe anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti izi zakhala zotalika bwanji. Gawo lomaliza ndi kuuma manja anu ndi thaulo yoyera. Gwiritsani ntchito thaulo lamapepala kapena thaulo yoyera yomwe palibe wina aliyense amene wamugwira.
Zizindikiro za Matenda Pa Chemotherapy
Popeza ndikofunika kuchiza matenda mwamsanga pakapita mankhwala, zimathandiza kukhala ndi lingaliro la zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziyang'anira. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziyang'anira. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Fungo - Funsani dokotala wanu momwe kutentha kwanu kuyenera kukhalira musanaitane. Angapangire kuyitana ngati kutentha kwanu kukuposa 100.5 F, koma izi zingasinthe
- Kulira kapena kusowa kutentha
- Chifuwa, kaya chopindulitsa kapena ayi
- Kupuma pang'ono
- Kupweteka kapena kuthamanga ndi kukodza
- Mutu kapena khosi louma
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Kutsekula m'mimba
Kuchiza kwa Matenda
Ngati muli ndi chiwerengero choyera cha maselo oyera, matendawa akhoza kukhala ovuta kuchiza kuposa ngati chiwerengero chanu choyera ndi chachilendo. Mwachitsanzo, wanu oncologist angalimbikitse mankhwala oopsa (IV) omwe ali ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi antibiotics. Malungo omwe amayamba pa mankhwala a chemotherapy amakhalanso ochiritsidwa ndi kuphatikiza ma antibayotiki amphamvu mpaka chidziwitso chenicheni cha matendawa chadziwika. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimachitika kuchipatala komwe mukhoza kuziwona bwino kwambiri.
Chidziwitso Chokhudza Zachipatala Zopezeka M'chipatala
Chaka chilichonse timamva za chiwerengero cha matenda a nosocomial. Sizipatala zokha zokha zogwirizana ndi majeremusi, koma mabakiteriya omwe sagonjetsedwa amadziwika ku chipatala. Anthu oposa 1.5 miliyoni amatenga chipatala chaka chilichonse, ndipo 100,000 amafa. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense amene akuchezerani inu, kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu kupita kwa okondedwa anu, ayambe kutsuka manja awo. Kuwonjezera apo, onetsetsani malangizo awa popewa matenda opatsidwa kuchipatala .
Zotsatira:
Dunbar, A., Tai, E., Beauchesne Nielsen, D., Shropshire, S., ndi L. Richarson. Kupewa Matenda Pa Chithandizo cha Khansa. Clinical Journal ya Oncology Nursing . 2014. 18 (4): 426-431.
van Dalan, E., Mank, A., Leclercq, E., Mulder, R., Davies, M., Kersten, M., ndi M. van de Wetering. Zakudya Zakudya Zochepa Zakudya Zakudya Zakudya Zokwanira Kupewa Matenda a Khansa Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito ndi Chemotherapy Amachititsa Zigawo za Neutropenia. Dongosolo la Cochrane la Zosintha Zogwirizana . 2016. 4: CD006247.
Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za mankhwala amkati. New York: maphunziro a Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.