Ngakhale kuti anthu oposa 60 miliyoni ku United States ali ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), ambiri samasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse chifukwa cha ma chitetezo a chitetezo chamthupi omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisagwire ntchito. Toxoplasmosis, matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, imafalikira kwa anthu kudzera m'tchire ndipo imayambitsa matenda aakulu kwa ana omwe sanabadwe komanso omwe ali ndi ma chitetezo.
Chifukwa cha ichi, amayi omwe ali ndi pakati ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa amafunika kukhala kutali ndi bokosi la makatita awo ndipo samalani pokonzekera chakudya ndi kusamalira.
Zizindikiro
Kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, toxoplasmosis kawirikawiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena ayi ndipo anthu ambiri sakudziwa kuti ali nazo. Anthu ena amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa za chimfine monga fever, thupi aches, kutopa, kupweteka mutu, kapena kutupa kwa maselo omwe amatha kwa milungu ingapo kapena kuposerapo.
Ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo mukudwala kachilombo ka T. gondii mwina musanayambe kutenga mimba kapena mukakhala ndi mimba, matendawa angathe kupititsidwa ku mwana wanu. Izi zingayambitse kuperewera kwa amayi, kubadwa, kapena kubadwa kosabadwa, kuphatikizapo ubongo kapena maso. Nthawi zambiri, makanda obadwa ndi toxoplasmosis samasonyeza zizindikiro zirizonse kubadwa, koma kenako amatha kutayika kwa masomphenya, chifuwa chachikulu, matenda aakulu a maso, kukulitsa chiwindi ndi nthenda, kufooka kwa maganizo, ndi kufooka.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, monga omwe ali ndi Edzi apamwamba kapena omwe akulandira mankhwala akuluakulu a mankhwala, ali ndi chiopsezo choyambitsanso T. gondii omwe poyamba ankalamuliridwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Izi zikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa ngati matenda aakulu a encephalitis, kutupa kwa ubongo komwe kungayambitse chisokonezo, kufooka, kuwona masomphenya, ndi kugwidwa.
Zimayambitsa
Toxoplasmosis imayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo T. gondii , zomwe zimatha kupha nyama zambiri ndi mbalame. Komabe, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timangopezeka mumsana. Ngakhale kuti anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ali ndi kachilomboka, iwo ali ndi vuto lopanda mphamvu kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ma chitetezo chamthupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kutenga matendawa kuchokera kwa munthu pokhapokha mutalandira kulandira thupi kapena magazi kuchokera kwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri.
Amphaka ndi gawo lofunikira la moyo wa T. gondii , koma matenda ambiri amapezeka kutali ndi amphaka. Pakatha katemera kachirombo kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ngati kachilombo kapena mbalame, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'matumbo a m'matumbo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikumana ndi kusintha kochepa kuti tipewe mawonekedwe opatsirana, kapena oocyst, ndipo tamasulidwa ku chilengedwe mu ntchentche. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupha thupi la nyama kapena munthu wina, kudzibisa m'matumbo, minofu ya mtima, ndi ubongo. Icho chimapanga makasitomala ndipo ikhoza kukhala mmenemo mu moyo wanu wonse.
Toxoplasmosis imafalikiranso kudzera:
- Zakudya zophika, makamaka nyama ya nkhumba, mwanawankhosa, ndi nyama yodya nyama yomwe imatha kunyamula T. gondii cysts
- Zipatso ndi masamba osasamba omwe awonongeke ndi T. gondii . Madzi akhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale kuti sizingatheke ku United States. Nthawi zina kupatsirana kwa majeremusi kuchokera ku zinyalala zamtchi kapena nyansi zochokera ku nthaka kapena madzi sizowoneka bwino monga momwe zikanakhalira. Mphaka amphaka kapena kutayidwa kwa zinyalala kungakhale ndi udindo.
- Zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkaka zosagwiritsidwa bwino, ngakhale kuti izi sizodziwika
- Kuchulukitsa amayi kupita ku utero, omwe amatchedwa matenda a congenital
Tizilonda toyambitsa matenda sizitha kupatsirana mpaka masiku asanu kapena asanu titatulutsidwa ndi khate, koma ikhoza kupulumuka ku chilengedwe kapena mabotolo kwa chaka chimodzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kusinthanitsa mosamala makasitomala a katsamba tsiku ndi tsiku. Zipatso ndi masamba omwe mumadya muyenera kutsukidwa bwino.
Kudziwa
Kuyeza kwa matenda a toxoplasmosis kungakhale kovuta chifukwa zizindikirozo zimakhala zofanana ndi matenda ena monga fuluwenza ndi mononucleosis. Komabe, matendawa angapangidwe kuchokera ku magazi omwe amatumizidwa mwachindunji kuti afufuze ma antibodies motsutsana ndi tizilombo T. gondii .
Mtundu wapadera wotsutsakhristu ukhoza kuthandiza dokotala wanu kulingalira pamene matendawa achitika.
Njira zosawerengeka zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri zimaphatikizapo kufufuza zazikulu kapena zamadzimadzi kuti zikhalepo. Kuzindikira kwa T. gondii DNA mu amniotic madzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngati mwana wakhanda ali ndi kachilomboka.
Chithandizo
Anthu odwala amayamba kuchira kuchokera ku toxoplasmosis popanda mankhwala . Anthu ambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, nthawi zambiri kuphatikizapo pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, ndi folinic asidi, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingathetsedwe ndipo tidzakhalabe mu thupi lopanda ntchito. Pali mitundu ina yowonjezereka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto linalake la mankhwala.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati muli ndi kamba ndipo mukufuna kutenga mimba, muli ndi pakati, kapena chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitetezedwa, palibe chifukwa chosiya katemera wanu poopa toxoplasmosis. Onetsetsani kuti muteteze monga mukuonetsetsa kuti mukuphika nyama yanu bwinobwino; kusamba mbale yanu yokonzekera chakudya, malo, ndi ziwiya m'madzi otentha; kusamba bwinobwino masamba ndi zipatso; kukhala ndi wina wina akusintha malita anu a katchi, kapena kuvala magolovesi osatayika ndi mask nkhope ndi kusamba manja pambuyo pake ngati palibe wina amene angachite; kusintha zinyalala tsiku lililonse; kupewa kupewa kapena kugwira amphaka atsopano pamene muli ndi pakati; Osadyetsa katsako nyama yaiwisi kapena yosaphika; komanso kuvala magolovesi mukakhudza dothi kapena mchenga.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Toxoplasmosis ndi Kumayi FAQs. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa August 25, 2017.
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Toxoplasmosis Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQs). Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa August 25, 2017.
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Toxoplasmosis: Kupewa ndi Kulamulira. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa January 10, 2013.
> Chipatala cha Mayo Clinic. Toxoplasmosis. Chipatala cha Mayo. Idasinthidwa pa Oktoba 3, 2017.