Kutetezedwa ndi Ukhondo Wabwino
Tonse tawona zizindikiro m'mabafa osambira omwe amati: "Ogwira ntchito ayenera kusamba m'manja asanabwerere kuntchito." Shigellosis, matenda otsekula m'mimba omwe amabwera ndi mabakiteriya, ndi amodzi mwa matenda ena omwe angatetezedwe mosavuta ndi kusamba m'manja .
Maina a Mitundu
Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae
Mtundu wa Microbe
Mabakiteriya a gram
Momwe Iwo Ukufalikira
Shigellosis amafalitsidwa ndi munthu payekha kudzera mumsewu wamakamwa (kapena kumalowa kwa zinthu zonyansa pambuyo poyenda pathupi). Zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabungwe angapo odyetsa zakudya. Ogulitsa zakudya omwe alibe ukhondo, monga omwe sanasambe mabakiteriya pambuyo pathunthu, akhoza kufalitsa matendawa. Zingathenso kufalikira kudzera mu ntchentche, madzi osambira, komanso kugonana kwa ana pa nthawi yogonana.
Ndani Ali Pangozi?
Anthu onse ali pangozi. Ambiri amapezeka m'mabuku aang'ono omwe ali ndi sukulu, makamaka omwe amapita ku malo osungirako zinthu. Ndilofala kwambiri m'chilimwe ndi nyengo zogwa. Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pafupifupi milandu 14,000 ya Shigellosis amafotokozedwa chaka chilichonse ku United States. Mwinamwake pali milandu yambiri yosaneneka. Kuphatikizira milandu yosatumizidwa, mwinamwake milandu 300,000 pachaka. M'mayiko osauka, chiwerengero cha matendawa chikhoza kukhala chapamwamba ndipo matendawa akhoza kufa.
Ndani Ali Pangozi Yambiri?
Palinso milandu ya Drug-Resistant Shigella yomwe imayambitsa nkhawa. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatsutsana ndi Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Palinso Shigella osagonjetsedwa ndi Azitro. Matendawa angapezeke paulendo wobwerera ku US kuchokera ku maulendo kunja. Pafupi theka la matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala amapezeka pakati pa obwerera kwawo.
Ulendowu umapita ku Southeast Asia. Kutenga maantibayotiki kuteteza kutsekula m'mimba kungapangitse mwayi wobweretsa mabakiteriya osagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba (ngakhale kuti si Shigella). Palinso milandu yomwe yafalikira pakati pa amuna amtundu wa amuna kapena akazi ndi amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM).
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zoopsa zimaphatikizapo malungo, ululu wam'mimba kwambiri, ndi kutsekula m'magazi ndi ntchentche.
Kudziwa
Gram-stain ndi chikhalidwe chachitetezo.
Kuthamangitsani
Kawirikawiri imatha masiku 5 mpaka 7; chipatala ndi chosowa.
Chithandizo
Kawirikawiri sikofunikira, koma maantibayotiki akhoza kuchepetsa matendawa. Mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba ayenera kupeŵa chifukwa amateteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti asachoke mu thupi ndipo akhoza kuchititsa anthu kukhala odwala. Chonde sungani nokha hydrated. Ngati inu, mwana, kapena wina aliyense akuyamba kutaya madzi, mukhoza kutcha dokotala. Muyenera kumwa zakumwa zomwe zingakuchititseni shuga ndi mchere wambiri.
Kupewa
Kusamba m'manja ndi ukhondo pakati pa akulu ndi ana ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti manja ndi zakudya zitsukidwe m'madzi oyera. Izi zimadalira kuti mukugwira ntchito zowonongeka. Palibe katemera omwe alipo. Ndikofunika kutsatira njira za ukhondo mutatha kusintha ana ajambula komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito bafa.
Mmene Zimayambitsa Matenda
Kusakaniza kwa shigella kumayambitsa kuphulika kwa mabakiteriya kulowa m'kati mwa matumbo aang'ono, kumene kumawonjezeka. Zizindikiro kawirikawiri sizimayambira maola 12-96 atatha kuwona mabakiteriya. Pambuyo masiku awiri kapena asanu, mabakiteriya akuukira matumbo akuluakulu. Mitundu ina imapanga "Shiga toxin" yomwe imayambitsa kutupa ndi kusungunuka kwa m'mimba zamadzi. Mankhwalawa amachititsanso kuti thupi liwonongeke m'mimba komanso impso.
Chitetezo chokwanira
Akakhala ndi kachirombo ka HIV, sangathe kutenga kachilombo kofanana ndi Shigella, chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Komabe, matenda ndi mitundu ina akadali yotheka.
Mavuto
Matendawa angayambitse kuchepa kwa madzi. Ngati poizoni akuwononga impso, zingayambitse matenda a hemolytic uremic. Pafupifupi 2 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi Shigella flexneri amapanga "nyamakazi yotsatila", ndi zizindikiro kuphatikizapo kupweteka, kupweteka kwa diso, ndi kupweteka kwabwino. Muyenera kuyankhula ndi dokotala wanu kapena namwino za kupewa vuto lililonse lalikulu. Matenda omwe amakulepheretsani kudwala kwa kanthaŵi angayambitse matenda ena, choncho ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi a zaumoyo pa mafunso alionse.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kusamba m'manja (ndi chakudya) mu madzi oyera ndikofunika kwambiri. Simukufuna chilichonse chomwe chiyenera kukhala pansi pa chimbudzi chodetsa zomwe mumadya.
> Zotsatira:
> Shigella spp. FDA Buku la Bad Bug. Buku Lopangira Mankhwala Odyetsera Zakudya Zokwanira Zakudya Zokwanira Zakudya.
> Shigellosis General Information. CDC DFBMD.