Zifukwa ndi Zochitika za Savant Syndrome
Mu 1988, filimu ya "Rain Man," yomwe idakalipo Dustin Hoffman, inatiuza ambiri a ife ku matenda omwe amadziwika kuti savant syndrome . Mufilimuyi, khalidwe la Hoffman, Raymond Babbitt, likuwululidwa kuti ali ndi chidwi chodabwitsa cha masewera a mpira ndi ma bukhu a foni, komanso talente ya innate yowerengera makadi ku blackjack.
Ngakhale ena atha kuganiza kuti matendawa ndiwongopeka kwambiri, palinso anthu omwe ali ndi luso lawo la kukumbukira ndi luso lawo loyenerera kukhala oyenerera kukhala "Amuna Amvula".
Zifukwa ndi Zochitika za Savant Syndrome
Matenda a Savant ndi osowa kwambiri. Ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a autistic spectrum akhala akudziwika kuti ali ndi savant syndrome, angakhalenso ndi moyo wotsatira chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa ubongo kapena matenda (chikhalidwe chomwe chimatchedwa savant syndrome). Pa zifukwa zosadziwika, zimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna kusiyana ndi akazi.
Anthu omwe ali ndi savant syndrome ali ndi kukumbukira kodabwitsa komwe kumakhala kumalo amodzi. Khalidwe lomwe limafotokozedwa kawirikawiri ndikutanganidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu monga manambala a mapepala a permis, zochitika zakale, zolemba za geography, mndandanda wa anthu (monga azidindo a US kapena atsogoleri a dziko), ndi zina zotero.
Ena mwa anthuwa ali ndi luso lapamwamba lazithunzi kapena zoimba. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kumva kanema ya piano kamodzi ndikutha kusewera bwino. Ena ali ndi luso lodabwitsa la masamu, monga kuwerengetsa zovuta masekondi.
Ena amakwanitsa kuchita zowerengera kalendala, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kupereka tsiku la sabata tsiku lililonse losavuta, lapitalo kapena lapafupi.
Savant mu Mbiri
Anthu omwe ali ndi savant syndrome anafotokozedwa mu mabuku a zachipatala pofika 1751. Komabe, mpaka 1997, mawu akuti "idiot savant" alembedwa ndi Dr. J.
Langdon Down (dokotala yemwenso ali ndi udindo wa christening Down syndrome ). Pofotokoza za matendawa, Dr. Down anadziwika ngati anthu omwe ali ndi ma IQ apansi koma odziwa bwino kusankha. Ndi chifukwa chake adagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "savant," mawu achifalansa akuti "kuphunzira."
M'mbiri yakale, pakhala pali ziwerengero zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zizindikirozi, zomwe zimasonyeza kuzindikiritsa kwapadera kudera linalake pomwe zikusowa luso lamtundu wa anthu ndi chitukuko . Mwa iwo:
- Kim Peek (1951-2009), mwamuna wobadwa ndi ubongo wa ubongo wochuluka yemwe adatumizira monga filimu ya "Rain Man".
- Tom Wiggins (1849-1908), munthu wakhungu woimba nyimbo zakuda omwe lero angamuyenere kukhala autistic.
- Katswiri wamkulu wa kachisi (1947-), mkazi wa autistic wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha luso lake la ziweto komanso zomwe mbiri yake inalembedwa mu filimu ya HBO "Temple Grandin."
Masiku ano, savant syndrome imaonedwa kuti ndi yoyenera kwa matendawa. Ngakhale ena amagwiritsa ntchito autistic savant kufotokoza vutoli, pafupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ali autistic.
Kufufuza za Savant Syndrome
Pamene lingaliro la savant syndrome likupitirizabe kulimbikitsa anthu, palibe ziwerengero zosatsutsika za chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi luso limeneli.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti ambiri mwa anthu 10 ali ndi autism akhoza kukhala ndi matenda enaake.
Mpaka pano, palibe chiphunzitso chovomerezeka chovomerezeka chofotokozera kuphatikiza kwa maluso ndi zoperewera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi savant syndrome. Akatswiri ena asonyeza kuti zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo m'zaka zapitazi (mbali ya ubongo yomwe imayambitsa kuzindikira ndi kuvomerezedwa) ingakhale ndi gawo lopatsidwa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi savant syndrome amavutitsidwa kumeneko.
Pofika pamapeto pake, asayansi akupitiriza kuphunzira momwe zinthu ziliri m'chiyembekezo chozindikira bwino ntchito za ubongo ndi momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukumbukira imagwira ntchito mosiyana komanso mwachindunji.
> Chitsime:
> Treffert, D. "The savant syndrome: chikhalidwe chodabwitsa. Mawu ofotokoza: akale, amtsogolo, amtsogolo." Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009; 364 (1522): 1351-7.