Ana omwe ali ndi autism amakula kuti akhale akuluakulu autism
Ngati mukufuna kufufuza zambiri pa intaneti za autism , mudzapeza nkhani zodabwitsa zokhudzana ndi zithunzi za ana aang'ono. Ndipotu, nkhani zambiri zokhudza autism zinalembedwa za ana . Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti zizindikiro za autism zimawonekera koyamba kuyambira ali mwana, komabe, autism si matenda a mwana. M'malo mwake, ndizovuta kwa moyo wanu wonse zomwe zingapangitse zaka zakale kukhala zovuta kapena zovuta kwambiri.
Ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani zochepa zalembedwa za autism ndi akuluakulu? Ngakhale kulibe yankho lomveka, apa pali ziganizo zina zophunzitsidwa:
- Chifukwa autism imaonekera poyamba asanakwanitse zaka zitatu, anthu ambiri omwe amapeza matenda atsopano a autism ali ndi zaka zoposa 6.
- Anthu ambiri omwe amafunitsitsa kuwerenga za autism ndi makolo ovutika-koma-odalirika a ana amene ali kapena akhoza kukhala autistic .
- Makolo ambiri akamaphunzira zapamwamba, amadziwa zambiri zokhudza autism ndipo amadziwa kuti tsopano ali akatswiri ngati aliyense amene angalembere.
- Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa momwe autism imatanthawuzira, ambiri achikulire amene ife tsopano tikuwaona kuti ndi autistic sanathenso kupeza chithandizo cha autism.
- Achikulire omwe amagwira ntchito ndi autism nthawi zambiri sakhala ndi chidwi powerenga zokhudzana ndi zovuta za autism.
- Ena achikulire omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi kulemala kwaumunthu zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kuwerenga za autism.
Ndiye nchifukwa ninji kuli kofunika kwambiri kuphunzira za akuluakulu ali ndi autism? Mwachidule, anthu okhala ndi autism, monga ena onse, ndi akuluakulu kwa nthawi yaitali kuposa ana. Pamene ana akukula pokhala achikulire, iwo angafunike thandizo lina m'malo mochepetsedwa ndi dziko lovuta, losokonezeka komanso losautsa lazaka za m'ma 2100.
Mfundo 10 Zapamwamba Zokhudza Achikulire Ndi Autism
Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za akuluakulu autism? Nazi mfundo 10 zomwe zikuyamba kuti muyambe.
1. Ana Okhala ndi Autism Akhale Achikulire Ndi Autism
Ngakhale nkhani zomwe mwinamwake mukuziwerenga pa intaneti, ndizodabwitsa kwambiri kuti mwanayo sadziwa kuti ali ndi autism kuti akhale wamkulu yemwe sangathe kuyerekezera. Inde, ana okhala ndi autism angapange luso ndi ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kuti autism izioneka bwino. Inde, achinyamata omwe ali ndi autism angaphunzire zambiri zamagulu kuti athe "kudutsa" m'madera ena. Koma ayi, mwana ali ndi autism sangangopitirira autism kuti akhale wamkulu.
Akuluakulu Ndi Autism Ndi Osiyana Kwambiri Kuchokera Kwa Mzake
Ena achikulire omwe ali ndi autism ali pantchito zabwino m'mafakitala ovuta monga teknoloji yamakina, robotics, ndi kupanga masewera a kanema. Ena amagwira ntchito nthawi yambiri ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mapulogalamu a tsiku ndi zinthu. Ena sangathe kugwira ntchito kuntchito ndipo amathera masiku awo pamalo osungika. Ena achikulire payekha amakhala okondwa kapena okondwa; ena amakhala ndi zibwenzi; chiwerengero chachikulu sichikhoza kupanga chiyanjano, chiyanjano ndi anzawo. Kusiyanasiyana kwakukuluku kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta kufotokoza kapena kupereka ntchito kwa akuluakulu autism monga ana pa masewera.
3. Autistic Adults Ena Amakhala Opambana Kwambiri
Ngakhale kuti ndizochepa, pali ochepa achikulire omwe ali ndi autism omwe ali odzichepetsa kuti apindule kwambiri ndi anthu. Ena amakhala okondwa komanso okwatirana, ndipo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ochepa chabe akhala chitsanzo chabwino kwa achinyamata omwe amayembekeza kudzakhala moyo wamuyaya. Zitsanzo zochepa chabezi ndi izi:
- Grand Grandin , katswiri wa zinyama, wolemba, ndi wolankhula pagulu
- Stephen Shore, wolemba, woimbira, pulofesa, wokamba nkhani pagulu
- John Elder Robison, wolemba, ndi wokamba nkhani
- Dan Ackroyd, woimba nyimbo, woimba, wailesi
- Daryl Hannah, wojambula
Anthu onse pamwambapa, pamodzi ndi ena ambiri, ali autism amalimbikitsa. Ambiri amalankhula poyera za zomwe amakumana nazo komanso kupereka zopereka komanso nzeru kwa onse akuluakulu komanso achibale awo.
4. Omwe Aakulu Achikulire Amakhala ndi Mavuto Ovuta
Ngakhale kuti akuluakulu ambiri ogwira ntchito autistic amakhala opambana, ambiri amatsutsidwa kwambiri. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, "autism" sikuti nthawi zonse imalepheretsa ntchito kapena ngakhale chimwemwe chenicheni. Nthawi zambiri anthu ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala osokonezeka chifukwa angakhale akuvutika "kudutsa" mwachibadwa pamene akuyesera kulimbana ndi nkhawa yaikulu, kuchepa kwa maganizo, ndi kuchepa kwa chikhalidwe.
Pakati pa 25 peresenti ndi 30 peresenti ya akuluakulu autistic sali mawu , kutanthauza kuti sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero kuti alankhule. Mogwirizana ndi phunziro lomwe mukuwerenga, kwinakwake pakati pa 10 peresenti 50 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi autism amakwiya kwa ena. Mwachibadwa, osalankhula, achikulire omwe ali ndi autism sangakwanitse kuthetsa zochitika zomwe zikuchitika kapena ntchito.
5. Ambiri Aakulu Aakulu Aakulu Aakulu Ali ndi Mphamvu Zambiri Ndiponso Maluso
Kawirikawiri, anthu okhala ndi autism ndi oona mtima ndi odalirika; ambiri amaganizira ntchito yawo ndipo sakhala osokonezeka ndi zochitika kapena zosowa zapadera. Ochepa ali ndi maluso apadera m'madera monga makalata a makompyuta, masamu, nyimbo, kulemba, kukonzekera, ndi zojambulajambula. Ngakhale zingakhale zovuta kwa akuluakulu autistic kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira malo awo ndi ndandanda, ambiri ndi ogwira ntchito. Makampani ena ayamba kuzindikiritsa kufunika kokhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito anthu ogwira ntchito; ochepa ndi awa:
- Freddie Mac
- Microsoft
- Walgreens
- SAP
6. Akuluakulu Omwe Ali ndi Autism Face Mipikisano Yambiri Yodziimira
Ana onse a zaka ziwiri amakwiya. Achinyamata onse "amatsutsa." Chotsatira chake, ana otchuka ndi achinyamata nthawi zambiri amapeza mpumulo: pambuyo pake, iwo ndi ana basi.
Koma mukakhala wamkulu, muyenera kuyembekezera mavuto anu, kumanga malaya anu, ndikuchita ngati wamkulu.
Kukula kwakukulu, makamaka masiku ano America, akuyembekezeredwa kusamalira nthawi ndi ndalama, kuyendetsa nyumba zawo, kupeza ndi kugwira ntchito, kuyendetsa bwino ntchito kuntchito ndi kumudzi, kupeza mabwenzi ndi chikondi, kupatula mvula tsiku, kuphika omelet, ndi kukhalapo kwa ana awo. Popanda kutchula kusamalira kuwonongeka kwowonjezereka kwa mawu, chidziwitso, kuyanjana, ndi kuwonetserako zithunzi zomwe ndi gawo limodzi la kukhala moyo lero.
Anthu okhala ndi autism amapeza zambiri mwaziyembekezo zosatheka kukwaniritsa. Autism imaphatikizapo zoperewera m'mawu ndi kulankhulana kosagwirizana, ntchito yogwira ntchito , ndi chiyanjano. Izi zimaphatikizanso kuti hyper- kapena hyposensitivity ziwonekere, kuunika, kununkhira, kukonda, ndi kukhudza. Zingakhale zovuta kupeza ndi kusunga anzanu kapena okondedwa. Zingakhale zosavuta kuti apite ndi kusunga ntchito yomwe imafuna luso labwino la chikhalidwe cha anthu. Zingathenso kutanthawuza kuti kukhala ndi moyo payekha pamene mukuyang'anira zofuna zonse za tsiku ndi tsiku ndizovuta kwambiri.
Mfundo yofunika: Anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi autism amakhala ogwirizana, amakhala okhaokha, ndipo amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse pokwaniritsa ntchito, poyerekeza mosavuta ndi achikulire omwe ali ndi zilema zina. Malingana ndi Autism Society: "Mu June 2014, 19.3 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi ubongo ku US anali kugwira nawo ntchito kapena kufunafuna ntchito. Mwa iwo, 12,9 peresenti analibe ntchito, kutanthauza 16,8 peresenti ya anthu olumala ankagwiritsidwa ntchito. "
7. Kungakhale Kovuta Kutembenukira 22 Ndi Autism
Kuperewera kwa chidziwitso kwa anthu akuluakulu pamasewera kumatanthawuza kuti makolo ambiri mwadzidzidzi amapezeka akuthamanga pamene mwana wawo-tsopano ali wamkulu-amakafika zaka zamatsenga 22. Chifukwa pa tsiku lawo la 22 lakubadwa, anthu omwe ali ndi autism amasowa mwadzidzidzi kuyenerera ku mautumiki pansi pa anthu omwe ali ndi Disability Educational Act - ndikulowa mudziko lambiri la anthu akuluakulu. Ngakhale IDEA imafuna kuti sukulu izipereke "maphunziro aulere ndi oyenera" kwa ana onse, palibe chofunikira kwa akuluakulu. Zotsatira zake, ndalama ndi mapulogalamu akuluakulu akhoza kapena sizipezeka nthawi iliyonse.
8. Mapulogalamu kwa Achikulire Ndi Autism Akuyendera ndi State ndi Availability
Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi autism alibe ufulu koma akhoza kulandira thandizo linalake. Ngati mumakhala m'madera ena, simudzakhala ndi zovuta zowonjezera mautumiki ndi ndalama kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi autism. Ngati mumakhala m'mayiko ena, mulibe mwayi. Mwachitsanzo, Malinga ndi Disability Scoop, Arkansas, Illinois, Mississippi, ndi Texas amapereka mapulogalamu ndi maubwino ochepa, pamene Arizona, Vermont, New Hampshire, Michigan, ndi Hawaii ndi owolowa manja kwambiri.
Inde, tanthawuzo lanu la "ntchito ndi ndalama" zidzasiyana malinga ndi zosowa. Mwachitsanzo, mndandanda wa Disability Scoop umamangidwa makamaka pambali ya ndalama za Medicaid. Koma Medicaid sipereka maphunziro a ntchito zapamwamba kapena zothandizira-ntchito zomwe zingakhale zothandiza makamaka akuluakulu ogwira ntchito. Ndipo Medicaid ikhoza kukhala yosapereka ndalama zopezera nyumba, mapulogalamu a tsiku, ndi zina.
Chinthu chimodzi chabwino, chosinthidwa chodziwitsidwa za boma-ndi-boma zopereka ndi Zisindikizo za Isitala; Ngakhale kuti amawunikira kwambiri ana, amapezeranso zamndandanda wazinthu zamtunduwu ndi zothandiza kwa mibadwo yonse.
9. Akuluakulu Omwe Ali ndi Autism Ali Ochepa mu Zosankha Zawo
Anthu a ku America amaganiza kuti ana okalamba amasiya makolo awo ndikupita kukakhala m'nyumba zawo kapena nyumba zawo. Inde, popeza chuma ndi zinthu zina zasintha, ambiri ambiri akukula achinyamata akuyenda ndi amayi ndi abambo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri achikulire otchuka amakhalanso ndi makolo awo. Pali zifukwa zabwino kwambiri izi:
- Kukhazikitsa ndalama zothandizira akuluakulu olumala n'kovuta. Ndizochepa kwambiri kwa akuluakulu autistic omwe sali olumala mwauzimu. Ngati IQ yanu yaposa nambala inayake (kawirikawiri 70 kapena 75), mumaganiza kuti ndinu odziimira nokha (pokhapokha mutakhala ndi matenda aakulu kapena kufooka monga khungu).
- Mipingo yamagulu ndi yovuta kulowa ndipo ikhoza kukhala yosauka. Monga mapulogalamu ambiri akuluakulu, nyumba zamagulu zimadalira ndalama za boma komanso za boma. Kuwonjezera apo, antchito ndi anthu akukhala akusintha nthawi zonse.
- Ngakhale akuluakulu, odziwa bwino omwe ali ndi autism amatha kukhala ndi mavuto pamene akukumana ndi mavuto osayembekezereka. Kawirikawiri, ndizovuta kwa anthu akuluakulu oganiza bwino kuti azikonzekera patsogolo (kugula sopo asanayambe kuchifuna,) kuyendetsa zoopsa (mphamvu inatuluka), ndipo ganizirani kudzera m'mabuku atsopano (kukhetsa kwatsekedwa). Nkhanizi zimakhala zotsika mtengo, zowonongeka, komanso zosavuta kukhala ndi amayi ndi abambo.
Akuluakulu Okhala ndi Autism Akufuna Ubwenzi, Thandizo, ndi Mpata
Kaya apamwamba kapena ogwira ntchito kwambiri, akuluakulu omwe ali ndi autism akugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa anzawo omwe amakonda kukhala osangalala. Kuti apambane, iwo-monga aliyense-amafunikira ubwenzi, chithandizo, ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi kusewera mu malo ovomerezeka. Monga ndalama zowonjezera ndalama, sizingatheke kudalira mapulogalamu omwe amapereka msonkho. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zosowa za anthu akuluakulu ndi autism ziyenera kukumana ndi anthu omwe ali m'mabanja awo, m'madera awo, komanso anthu omwe amawafunira zabwino, amakhulupirira mphamvu zawo ndikukwaniritsa zovuta zawo.
> Zotsatira:
> Autism Society. Zolemba ndi ziwerengero. Webusaiti. 2017.
> Zisindikizo za Isitala. Lembani mbiri ya autism. Webusaiti. 2016.
> Erbentraut, J. Momwe Makampani 4 Akulu Akugwirira Ntchito Yopanda Ntchito ya Autism. Mauthenga a Huffington. Webusaiti. June 1, 2015.
> Fitzpatrick SE, Srivorakiat L, Wink LK, Pedapati EV, Erickson CA. Kugonjetsedwa mu matenda a autism spectrum: kupereka mankhwala ndi njira zothandizira. Matenda a Neuropsychiatric ndi Chithandizo . 2016; 12: 1525-1538.
> Heasley, mayina apamwamba a S. akufotokoza ntchito zabwino zowonongeka. Chilema Chofooka. Webusaiti. October 2016.