Munthu wodzitetezera ndi munthu amene amadziwika ndi savant syndrome - vuto lomwe limatchulidwa nthawi yosachedwa "idiot savant." Darold A. Treffert, MD wa University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, "... ndizovuta, koma zosayembekezereka, momwe anthu omwe ali ndi vuto laumphawi, kuphatikizapo matenda a autistic, ali ndi 'chilumba cha lingaliro lachidziwitso, lomwe limakhala losiyana, losiyana kwambiri ndi vuto lonse. "
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, munthu wodziwa ntchito ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi mavuto aakulu omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi luso lapadera komanso lapadera m'deralo. Angakhale ndi IQ yotsika kwambiri kapena zovuta zina zamaganizo - komabe amasonyeza mphamvu zazikulu za anthu pamalo amodzi. Othandizira akhoza kapena sangakhale autistic .
Kawirikawiri, akatswiri ali ndi luso lapadera pamasamba, nyimbo, ndi kukumbukira. Amuna odziwika monga Kim Peek, chitsanzo chimene Dustin Hoffman a Rain Man anali nacho, amatha kuwerengera nthawi zonse zomwe zinachitika zaka mazana ambiri m'mbuyomo kapena m'tsogolo. Peek analibe, atapezeka kuti ali ndi autism.
Kodi Autistic Savant Ndi Chiyani?
An autistic savant ndi munthu wokhala ndi autism yemwe ali ndi malo amodzi odziwa bwino kapena luso. Malingana ndi Treffert, "Amodzi mwa anthu khumi omwe ali ndi matenda a autistic ali ndi luso lodabwitsa mosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti savant syndrome imakhala ndi zovuta zina zachitukuko kapena mitundu ina ya mitsempha yapadera yavulala kapena matenda.
Chilichonse chomwe chidziwitso chake chimaphunzitsa, nthawi zonse chimagwirizana ndi kukumbukira kwambiri. "
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti "savants" ndi "anthu odziwika bwino a autistic" sali chinthu chomwecho. Pali ambiri autistic omwe ali ndi matalente wamba-koma savant syndrome ndi osowa kwambiri. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, munthu amene ali ndi autism yemwe amatha kuwerengera bwino, kusewera chida, kapena kudziwonetsera yekha kuti ali ndi mphamvu sikutanthauzira wophunzira.
Munthu waluso komanso wanzeru omwe ali ndi autism, monga katswiri wamaphunziro a kachisi wamkulu , alidi wowala komanso wokhoza - koma sali woyenera.
Kodi matenda a Savant ndi Opindulitsa?
Zimakhala zofala kuti makolo a mwana yemwe ali ndi autism amauzidwa momwe aliri mwayi kuti mwana wawo ali autistic popeza autism imatanthauza nzeru zakuya ndi luso. Chowonadi, komabe, ndikuti anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi autism ndi anthu ambiri, ngakhale ambiri ali anzeru kwambiri.
Ndiko kuyesa kuona chithunzithunzi ngati chinthu chabwino. Ndipotu, akatswiri ndi anthu ochititsa chidwi kwambiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu kuposa anthu wamba. Chowonadi, komabe, ndikuti sikuti zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta ndipo, nthawi zina, zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wovuta kwambiri.
Nthaŵi zina, alangizi a autistic ali ndi luso lapadera lomwe lingathe kufalikira kapena kutsekedwa m'njira zothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, ena omwe ali ndi luso lapadera la ojambula ojambula ndi oimba amatha kugulitsa ntchito yawo (pafupifupi nthawi zonse kudzera mwa makolo kapena mameneja). Komabe, nthawi zambiri, luso labwino ndi " luso lapadera ," kutanthauza luso lomwe, ngakhale zenizeni ndi zofunikira, sizigwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, kukhoza kufotokozera masamba a bukhu la foni kuchokera pamtima, komabe ndilofunika kwambiri, osati lopindulitsa pokhapokha palokha.
Zotsatira:
> C Hou et al. "Odziwa zodzipereka." Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 2000 Jan; 13 (1): 29-38.
> DA Treffert. "Savant syndrome: chikhalidwe chodabwitsa. Mawu ofotokoza: apita, amodzi, amtsogolo." Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 May 27; 364 (1522): 1351-7.
> DA Treffert. : The savant syndrome ndi autistic matenda. "CNS Spectr. Dec 1999, 4 (12): 57-60.