Nchifukwa chiyani ozilenga a DSM5 amachotsa vuto la PDD-NOS?
Mu May 2013, American Psychiatric Association (APA) inamasula Baibulo la Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) Version 5. DSM ndi buku lomwe limapanga makhalidwe ndi zizindikiro m'magulu ozindikira kuti cholinga cha chithandizo chachipatala ndi chithandizo chovomerezeka.
Patapita nthawi, DSM yasintha kwambiri; lingaliro la "autism spectrum" ndi laposachedwapa, ndipo kusintha kwakukulu ku zifukwa zoganizira za autism kudzasintha zomwe ife tikuganiza panopa monga "dziko la autism." Kusintha kwakukulu kwakukulu ndiko kuchotsedwa kwa magetsi awiri omwe alipo kale - PDD-NOS ndi Asperger syndrome - kuchokera m'bukuli.
Kodi kusintha kumeneku kukutanthauza chiyani? Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kusintha komweku, ndinayankhula ndi APA ndikufunsa mafunso angapo. Patatha masabata angapo, ndinalandira mayankho, omwe ambiri analembedwa ndi Dr. Bryan King wa Neurodevelopmental Disorders kagulu ka ntchito.
Malingana ndi Dr. King, njira yatsopanoyi ndi njira yabwino yodziwira zambiri za mavoti a autism. Zomwe zimapangidwanso zimasiyanitsa ana omwe mavuto awo sagwirizana ndi zoyenera za autism. Pambuyo pa DSM5, ana omwe alibe "autism" anapezeka ndi PDD-NOS - mbali ya autism spectrum.
Dr. King anati:
Mu kusintha kumeneku kumaperekedwa ku DSM 5, kuika maganizo pa makhalidwe sikukusintha kwenikweni. Komabe, pali chikhumbo chokhoza kufotokozera momveka bwino anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa kuposa momwe panopa akuthekera ndi DSM-IV, ndipo nthawi zina izi zingaphatikizepo kugwiritsa ntchito kuposerapo. Mwachitsanzo, pochotsa vuto la chilankhulo kuchokera ku zizindikiro za autism, tidzatha kufotokozera bwino anthu omwe ali ndi autism kapena opanda vuto la chinenero chosiyana, kusiyana ndi kuwapatsa matenda omwewo. Mofananamo, DSM-IV imalepheretsa kugonana kwa ADHD ndi autism, kapena schizophrenia ndi autism. Koma tikudziwa kuti izi zikhoza kuchitika, ndipo DSM 5 idzapangitsa kuti izi zithetse bwino zomwe zilipo kwa munthu amene wapatsidwa kuposa kungokhala "matenda ozunguza bongo"
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, PDD-NOS sichidziŵikiranso njira zolimbana ndi matenda, monga momwe poyamba zinkagwiritsiridwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono kwa ana omwe sanakumane ndi zoyenera za autism kapena matenda a Asperger. Chifukwa DSM-IV inalibe chidziwitso cha ana omwe ali ndi mavuto oyankhulana okha, nthawi zambiri ana awa amapatsidwa mankhwala a PDD-NOS. Izi sizinali zofanana ndi matenda a autistic, chifukwa izi zinaphatikizapo mavuto ena opititsa patsogolo. Njira yatsopanoyi ingathe kukhazikitsanso ana omwe kuchepa kwao kumakhala kochepa pa kulankhulana kwabwino (ndi omwe sali mbali ya autism spectrum), komanso ena, powonjezera kuphatikizidwa mu autism spectrum. Njira zatsopano zingaperekenso chithandizo chodziwika bwino komanso chachinsinsi cha anthu , zomwe zingabweretse kuchipatala choyenera.