Kuchokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Shigellosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsidwa ndi gulu la mabakiteriya otchedwa Shigella. Chaka chilichonse, milandu pafupifupi 18,000 ya shigellosis imadziwika ku United States. Popeza matenda ambiri ofatsa sapezeka kapena amawerengedwa, chiwerengero chenicheni cha matendawa chikhoza kukhala makumi awiri. Shigellosis ndi yowonjezeka kwambiri m'madera omwe ukhondo ndi wosauka ndipo nthawi zina umatha kudutsa m'midzi yonse.
Matenda a Shigella amapezeka kwambiri m'chilimwe kuposa nyengo yozizira. Ana, makamaka ana a zaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 4, ndi omwe angathe kutenga kachilombo ka Shigella. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi kufalikira kwa matenda m'zipatala za ana, ndipo zina zambiri ndi zotsatira za kufalikira kwa matenda m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana ang'onoang'ono.
M'dziko lotukuka, Shigella ndilofala kwambiri ndipo ali m'madera ambiri nthawi zambiri.
Munthu atakhala ndi shigellosis, sangathe kutenga kachilombo ka mtundu wa Shigella kachiwiri kwa zaka zingapo. Komabe, akhoza kutenga kachilombo ka mtundu wina wa Shigella.
Zizindikiro za matenda a Shigella Infection
Zizindikiro zimayambira tsiku limodzi kapena awiri pambuyo pozunzidwa amapezeka kuchipatala cha Shigella ndipo nthawi zambiri amakonza masiku 5 mpaka 7. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV sakhala ndi zizindikilo konse, koma akhoza kupitirirabe mabakiteriya a Shigella kwa ena. Zizindikiro zingakhalepo:
- Kutsekula m'mimba (nthawi zambiri kumagazi)
- malungo
- zilonda za m'mimba
- Kutaya madzi m'thupi (kungapangitse kutsekula m'mimba)
Kwa anthu ena, makamaka ana aang'ono ndi okalamba, kutsekula m'mimba kumakhala koopsa kotero kuti wozunzidwayo ayenera kuchipatala.
Matenda aakulu omwe ali ndi malungo amatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi kupweteka kwa ana osakwana zaka ziwiri.
Pafupifupi 3 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Shigella, Shigella flexneri, pambuyo pake adzakhazikitsa matenda a Reiter .
Zizindikiro za matenda a Reiter ndi awa:
- ululu m'magulu
- kupsa mtima kwa maso
- kupweteka kovuta
Matenda a Reiter amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a Shigella omwe amachitikira mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chibadwa chokha. Zitha kukhala kwa miyezi kapena zaka, ndipo zingayambitse matenda a nyamakazi omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza.
Kuchiza kwa matenda a Shigella
Matenda otsekemera omwe amachititsidwa ndi shigellosis amatha kutaya madzi m'thupi , omwe angafunikire kuchitidwa ndi madzimadzi a IV. Pamene anthu ambiri ammudzi amakhudzidwa, nthawi zina mabakiteriya amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu kuti athetse milandu yowopsa kwambiri. Omwe akugonana amawopsa kwambiri ndipo ayenera kupeĊµa.
Kufalitsa Shigella
Shigella alipo mu malo otsegula m'mimba anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo pamene akudwala komanso kwa sabata kapena awiri pambuyo pake. Matenda ambiri a Shigella amaperekedwa kuchokera ku zitsulo kapena zala za munthu mmodzi mpaka pakamwa mwa munthu wina, kawirikawiri zimakhala zosafunika kuyeretsa ndi kusamba m'manja, makamaka pakati pa ana omwe sali ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi chimbudzi. Achibale ndi ochita masewera a ana oterewa ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka.
Matenda a Shigella angapezedwe kudya zakudya zonyansa. Matenda a Shigella angapezenso mwa kumwa kapena kusambira m'madzi oipitsidwa.
Madzi akhoza kuwonongeka ngati kusamba kwa madzi kumalowa, kapena ngati wina ali ndi shigellosis akusambira mmenemo.
Kuteteza Shigella Infection
- Palibe katemera woteteza shigellosis.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi shigellosis sayenera kukonzekera chakudya kapena kutsanulira madzi kwa ena mpaka asonyezedwe kuti asatenge kachilombo ka Shigella.
- Zakudya zoyenera za chitetezo cha chakudya ndi mankhwala a nthawi zonse amatha kumwa shigellosis. Panyanja yosambira, kukhala ndi malo okwanira pafupi ndi kusambira kumathandiza kuti madzi asawonongeke.
- Kusamala mosapita m'mbali zomwe zimatengedwa popita kudziko lotukuka kumatha kuletsa kutenga shigellosis. Imwani kokha mankhwala kapena madzi owiritsa, ndipo idyani chakudya chophika chokha kapena zipatso zomwe mumadziyesa nokha. Zomwezo zimathandiza kupewa kutsekula m'mimba. "Wiritsani, yikani, ikani, kapena kuiwala!"
- Sambani manja ndi sopo mosamala komanso kawirikawiri, makamaka mukamapita ku bafa, mukasintha mazira, musanakonzekere zakudya kapena zakumwa
- Pewani bwino diapers zowononga bwino
- Chotsani mankhwala osokoneza mavitamini powasintha
- Sungani ana otsekula kutsekula m'mapangidwe a ana
- Sungani kutsuka m'manja kwa ana ndi ana ang'ono atagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi
- Pewani madzi akumwa madzi.
> Kuchokera ku Zomwe Zidzasintha Kudziteteza ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) Zambiri Zokhudza Shigellosis