Chikhalidwe cha Socioeconomic (SES)

Chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu (SES) chikuyesedwa ngati kuphatikizapo zinthu monga kuphatikiza, ndalama, maphunziro ndi ntchito. Imeneyi ndi njira yowonera momwe anthu kapena mabanja amathandizira anthu kuti azitha kupeza ndalama. Zinthu izi zasonyezedwa kuti zimakhudza thanzi la munthu ndi kukhalapo kwake.Ti chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera za SES.

Chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe ndi umoyo ndizogwirizana kwambiri. SES ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zofunikira pa thanzi la munthu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana ndi mwayi wosiyana ndi SES. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi SES osiyana ali ndi luso losiyana kwambiri loti azitha kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala komanso thandizo la zachipatala. Angakhalenso ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zosiyana siyana komanso / kapena kutentha kwa poizoni. Pali makhalidwe ambiri okhudzana ndi thanzi ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ndalama ndi maphunziro - zigawo ziwiri zofunika za SES.

Nthaŵi zambiri chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu chimagawidwa kumtunda wapamwamba kwambiri, SES wapakati, ndi SES yochepa.

Chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana

Kafukufuku wochuluka apeza zokhudzana pakati pa chikhalidwe cha pansi ndi chiopsezo chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana . Mwamwayi, kumvetsa zifukwa zogwirizanitsa izi sizitsutsana. Kafukufuku wokhudza thanzi lachiwerewere la achinyamata , makamaka, likusonyeza kuti kwa anthu ambiri chiyanjano sichikugwirizana ndi ndalama komanso zambiri ndi zina.

Mwachitsanzo, chiopsezo cha STD chingakhale ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi makolo ambiri omwe akukhala pakhomo kapena maphunziro a makolo. Kugwirizana pakati pa khalidwe lachiwerewere la achinyamata ndi matenda a STD komanso SES zimasokonezedwanso ndi kugwirizana pakati pa SES ndi mtundu. Achinyamata omwe sali achizungu amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha STD pa zifukwa zingapo.

Zina mwa izo zimagwirizana ndi zosankha zamakhalidwe ndipo ena sali. Mwachitsanzo, kufalikira kwakukulu kwa matenda opatsirana osiyanasiyana m'madera osakhala oyera kumapangitsa anthu kukhala ndi zibwenzi m'madera omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu.

Ichi ndicho chifukwa china chomwe chimayambitsa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana, komanso makamaka chiopsezo cha HIV, ndicho chikhalidwe cha SES cha anthu omwe amakhalamo. Ichi ndi chinthu chimene chimapita pamwamba ndi kupitirira munthu aliyense. Midzi ya SES yapamtunda sakhala ndi mwayi wopeza madokotala kapena zipatala za STD . Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali zocheperapo zowerengera ndi mankhwala . Izi zikutsatiridwa, mosatsutsika, ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana m'midzi. Kuti, monga tanenera kale, zikutanthauza kuti pali chiopsezo chachikulu chowonetseredwa ndi kufalitsa.

Kulephera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chiopsezo cha HIV. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV , omwe sanapezepo, akuganiza kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotengera matenda awo. Kuonjezera apo, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wawonetsa kuti mankhwala oyambirira a kachilombo ka HIV ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera . Choncho, kusowa chithandizo chamankhwala mmudzi kumakhudza mwachindunji chiopsezo cha HIV kwa iwo okhala mmenemo.

Kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wopezeka kuchipatala kungakhale ndi zotsatira zowonetsera masewerawo komanso kuchepetsa zotsatira za SES pa thanzi.

Izi sizikutanthauza kungokhala inshuwalansi yabwino. Kufunanso kuti anthu athe kupeza chisamaliro m'madera ndi m'midzi yawo.

> Zotsatira:

Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kachilombo ka HIV pakati pa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha m'midzi yakumidzi ndi kuchuluka kwa Edzi --- mizinda 24, United States, 2006-2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Aug 12; 60 (31): 1045-9.

Dinenno EA, Oster AM, Sionean C, Denning P, Lansky A. Akuyambitsa njira yowonongeka pakati pa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pa chiopsezo chachikulu cha HIV ku United States. Tsegulani AIDS J. 2012; 6: 169-76. lembani: 10.2174 / 1874613601206010169.

McDavid Harrison K, Ling Q, Nyimbo R, Hall HI. Mkhalidwe wa chiwerengero cha chikhalidwe cha chigawo ndi kukhalapo pambuyo pa kachilombo ka HIV, United States. Ann Epidemiol. 2008 Dec; 18 (12): 919-27. lembani: 10.1016 / j.annepidem.2008.09.003.

Newbern EC, Miller WC, Schoenbach VJ, Kaufman JS. Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso kudzidzimva okha matenda opatsirana pogonana pakati pa achinyamata akuda ndi achizungu ku America. Kugonana Kwadongosolo. 2004 Sep; 31 (9): 533-41.

Santelli JS, Lowry R, ​​Brener ND, Robin L. Chiyanjano cha chikhalidwe chogonana ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe cha banja, ndi mtundu / mtundu pakati pa achinyamata a US. Am J Public Health. 2000 Oct; 90 (10): 1582-8.