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Kodi Chitetezo cha Arthritis N'chiyani? (Reiter's Syndrome)Zotsatira
Matenda a kutupa nyamakazi ndi mtundu wa nyamakazi umene umapezeka ngati "kuchita" kwa matenda kwinakwake m'thupi. Kutupa ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi matenda kumalo ovulala kapena matenda ndipo amadziwika ndi:
- kutupa
- zofiira
- kutentha
- ululu
Kuwonjezera pa kutupa kotsekemera, chifuwa chachikulu cha nyamakazi chikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro zina ziwiri:
- Kufiira ndi kutupa kwa maso
- Kutupa kwa tsamba la mkodzo
Zizindikiro izi zingakhale zokha, palimodzi, kapena ayi.
Reiter
Matenda a khunyu amadziwika kuti Reiter's syndrome, ndipo dokotala wanu angatanthauzire kuti ndi spondyloarthropathy. Spondyloarthropathies (seronegative spondyloarthropathies) ndi gulu la matenda omwe angayambitse kutupa thupi lonse, makamaka msana. Zitsanzo za mavuto ena mu gululi ndi awa:
Kutenga
M'magulu ambiri, nyamakazi yowonongeka imayamba chifukwa cha chikhodzodzo kapena chiberekero, kapena, mwa amai, omwe amafalitsidwa kudzera mu kugonana. Mtundu uwu wa matendawa nthawi zina umatchedwa genitourinary kapena urogenital yodwala nyamakazi.
Njira ina yodwala matenda a nyamakazi imayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana m'mimba mwa kudya chakudya kapena kusamalira zinthu zomwe zakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya. Fomu imeneyi nthawi zina imatchedwa enteric kapena m'mimba.
Zisonyezero za nyamakazi yowonongeka nthawi zambiri zimakhala miyezi 3 mpaka 12, ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zimatha kubwerera kapena kukhala matenda a nthawi yayitali peresenti ya anthu.
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Kodi N'chiyani Chimayambitsa Matenda Othetsera Matenda?Chlamydia
Matenda a nyamakazi amayamba pafupifupi masabata amodzi kapena atatu mutatha kuchipatala. Bakiteriya omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyamakazi yogwira mtima ndi: Chlamydia trachomatis, yomwe imatchedwa chlamydia.
Kaŵirikaŵiri amapezedwa kudzera kugonana. Umboni wina umasonyezanso kuti matenda opatsirana ndi Chlamydia pneumoniae angayambitse matenda a nyamakazi.
Matenda a GI Tract
Matenda m'magazi omwe angayambitse matenda a kutupa nyamakazi ndi awa:
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Yersinia
- Campylobacter
Anthu akhoza kutenga kachilombo ka mabakiteriyawa atadya kapena kusamalira zakudya zopanda kukonzekera, monga nyama zomwe zisasungidwe kutentha kwake.
HLA B27
Madokotala sakudziwa bwino chifukwa chake anthu ena amadziwika ndi mabakiteriyawa ndipo amatha kukhala ndi nyamakazi, koma iwo azindikira kuti chibadwa cha anthu, leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27, chomwe chimapangitsa mwayi wa munthu kukhala ndi nyamakazi yowopsa. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi mayendedwe a nyamakazi othandizira a HLA-B27. Komabe, kulandira jeni la HLA-B27 sindikutanthauza kuti mudzatenga nyamakazi yogwira mtima. Anthu 8 pa anthu 100 alionse odwala ali ndi jini la HLA-B27, ndipo pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu mwa asanu ndi limodzi mwa iwo amakhala ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka ngati atalandira matenda opatsirana.
Kodi ndizopatsirana?
Matenda a mphutsi sangatengeke; ndiko kuti, munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa sangathe kudutsa nyamakazi kwa wina. Komabe, mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse nyamakazi yogwira mtima angathe kupitsidwanso kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu.
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Kodi Ndi Zizindikiro Ziti za Matenda Opatsirana?Zizindikiro
Ambiri, amuna a zaka za pakati pa 20 ndi 40 amakhala odwala matenda opatsirana. Komabe, umboni umasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti abambo amatha kuchuluka kwa nthenda zisanu ndi zinayi kuposa amayi kuti apange nyamakazi yowonongeka chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, amayi ndi abambo amatha kukhala ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana ndi zakudya. Azimayi okhala ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka amakhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kuposa amuna.
Matenda a nyamakazi ambiri amachititsa kutupa kwa:
- tsamba la urogenital
- ziwalo
- maso
Zizindikiro Zochepa Zochepa
Zizindikiro zosadziwika ndizo zilonda za m'kamwa ndi ziphuphu zamkati. Zonse mwa zizindikirozi zingakhale zofatsa kwambiri kuti odwala saziona. Kawirikawiri amabwera ndikupita patapita milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo.
Tsamba la Urogenital
Matenda a kutupa nyamakazi amatha kukhudza tsamba la urogenital, kuphatikizapo:
- prostate kapena urethra mwa amuna
- chiberekero, chiberekero, kapena abambo mwa amayi
Amuna angazindikire kufunika kofunika kuti urinate, kutentha kotentha pamene mukukodza, mbolo ya mbolo komanso kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku mbolo. Amuna ena omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka amapanga prostatitis. Zizindikiro za prostatitis zingaphatikizepo kutentha thupi komanso kukhumudwa, komanso kuwonjezeka kofunika kuti urinate ndi kutentha kwambiri pamene mukukodza.
Azimayi omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka akhoza kukhala ndi vuto mu urogenital tract, monga cervicitis kapena urethritis, zomwe zingayambitse kupsa mtima pakutha. Komanso, amayi ena amakhalanso ndi salpingitis kapena vulvovaginitis. Izi zikhoza kapena sizikhoza kuyambitsa zizindikiro za amthempha.
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Nanga Bwanji Arthritis, Chisoni Chofanana, Zizindikiro Zina?Mavuto Ophatikizana
Zizindikiro zomvetsa chisoni za nyamakazi yowonongeka zimaphatikizapo ululu ndi kutupa mu:
- mawondo
- ankles
- mapazi
Zipatso, zala, ndi ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa kawirikawiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka amakhala ndi tendinitis . Ambiri ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka, izi zimachititsa ululu wamagulu kapena Achilles tendinitis. Ena omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka amakhalanso ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzizira chidendene chimene chingayambitse kupweteka kwa mapazi. Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kutupa nyamakazi la matenda a nyamakazi.
Matenda a nyamakazi angayambitsenso spondylitis kapena sacroiliitis. Anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yotaya magazi omwe ali ndi jini la HLA-B27 ali ndi mwayi wambiri wopanga spondylitis ndi / kapena sacroiliitis.
Maso
Conjunctivitis, kutukusira kwa ntchentche yomwe imayang'ana maso ndi maso, imayamba pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi. Anthu ena akhoza kuyamba uveitis. Conjunctivitis ndi uveitis zingayambitse:
- kupukuta kwa maso
- ululu wa diso ndi kukwiya
- masomphenya olakwika
Kusagwirizana kwa diso kumachitika msanga m'thupi la nyamakazi, ndipo zizindikiro zimabwera ndi kupita.
Zilonda
Pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya amuna omwe ali ndi matenda a nyamakazi amatha kukhala ndi zilonda zazing'ono, zopanda phokoso, zopanda ululu kumapeto kwa mbolo. Ambiri mwa abambo ndi amai amapanga zotupa kapena zing'onozing'ono, zovuta kwambiri pamapazi a mapazi, mobwerezabwereza, m'manja mwawo kapena kwinakwake. Ena omwe ali ndi matenda a nyamakazi amayamba kulonda zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimabwera komanso zimapita, zina zimakhala zopweteka ndipo sizikudziwika.
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Kodi Ndi Dokotala Wotani Amene Angachiritse ndi Kuzindikira Matenda Okhazikika?Madokotala angapo
Munthu yemwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka mwinamwake adzafunika kuwona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madokotala chifukwa nyamakazi yowonongeka imakhudza ziwalo zosiyana za thupi. Komabe, zingakhale zothandiza kwa madotolo ndi wodwalayo kwa dokotala wina, kawirikawiri ndi rheumatologist (dokotala wodziwika kwambiri ndi nyamakazi), kuti athetse dongosolo lonse la mankhwala. Dokotala uyu akhoza kulumikiza mankhwala ndi kuyang'ana zotsatirapo za mankhwala osiyanasiyana amene wodwalayo angatenge. Otsatirawa amachiza zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi.
- Ophthalmologist (amachitira matenda a maso)
- Gynecologist (amachitira zizindikiro za kubereka kwa amayi)
- Urologist (amachitira zizindikiro za abambo amuna ndi akazi)
- Dermatologist (amachitira zizindikiro za khungu)
- Orthopaedist (amachita opaleshoni pa ziwalo zowonongeka kwambiri)
- Physiatrist (amayang'anila masewera olimbitsa thupi)
Kufufuza
Kumayambiriro kwa kafukufuku, adokotala akhoza kutenga mbiri yokhudza zachipatala ndikuzindikira zizindikiro zamakono komanso mavuto alionse omwe amatha kuchipatala kapena matenda. Asanayambe komanso atamuwona dokotala, nthawi zina zimathandiza wodwalayo kusunga zizindikiro zomwe zimachitika, zikachitika, ndi nthawi yaitali bwanji. Ndikofunika kwambiri kufotokozera zizindikiro zilizonse monga chimfine, monga:
- malungo
- kusanza
- kutsekula m'mimba
Zizindikiro izi zingakhale umboni wa matenda a bakiteriya. Nthawi zina madokotala amavutika kuti apeze matenda a nyamakazi chifukwa chakuti palibe kafukufuku weniweni wa ma laboratory kutsimikizira kuti munthu ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka.
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Kodi Matenda Otha Kusokonezeka Amadziwika Bwanji?Kudziwa
Madokotala akhoza kuitanitsa kuyesa kwa magazi chifukwa cha chibadwa cha HLA-B27, koma zotsatira zabwino sizikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi matendawa.
Madokotala akhoza kuitanitsa mayeso ena a magazi kuti athandizidwe kuti athetse zochitika zina ndikudziwitsani. Chifuwa chachikulu kapena mankhwala a antinuclear antibody angathandize kuthetsa matenda a nyamakazi. Ambiri omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka adzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa mayesero awa. Ngati zotsatira za mayeso ndi zabwino, mukhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wina wa nyamakazi, monga:
- nyamakazi ya nyamakazi
- lupus
Madokotala angayesenso mlingo wa dothi la erythrocyte. Mpweya wapamwamba " nthawi zambiri " umasonyezera kutupa kwinakwake m'thupi. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a rheumatic ali ndi mlingo wokwera kwambiri.
- Mafunso: Kodi Mungakhale ndi Lupus?
Matenda
Madokotala amatha kuyesa matenda omwe angagwirizane ndi matenda a nyamakazi. Odwala kawirikawiri amayesedwa matenda a Chlamydia (kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwala oyambirira a nyamakazi yotchedwa Chlamydia omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa athetse vutoli). Zitsanzo za magulu zingatengedwe kummero, urethra mwa amuna kapena m'mimba mwa amayi. Mitsempha ndi zitsulo zingayesedwe. Chitsanzo cha synovial fluid chingachotsedwe pamagulu a nyamakazi. Zofufuza za synovial zamadzimadzi zingathandize kuthetsa matenda mu mgwirizano.
X Rays
Nthaŵi zina madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito x ray kuti athandizidwe kupeza nyamakazi yowonongeka ndi kutulutsa zifukwa zina za nyamakazi. Mazira X akhoza kuzindikira zizindikiro zina kuphatikizapo:
- spondylitis
- sacroiliitis
- minofu yofewa yotupa
- kuwonongeka kwa cartilage ndi ziwalo
- calcium deposits
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Kodi Matenda Opatsirana Maganizo Amatha Bwanji?Zosankha Zamankhwala
Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala othetsera matenda a nyamakazi, mankhwala ena amathetsa zizindikiro za matendawa.
NSAIDs
Mankhwala otsutsana ndi kutupa (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (NSAIDs) amachepetsa kutupa kotseguka ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza odwala matenda a nyamakazi. NSAID zina zimapezeka popanda mankhwala monga:
NSAID zina zomwe zimakhala zogwira mtima kwa nyamakazi zowonongeka zimayenera kulamulidwa ndi dokotala monga:
- indomethacin
- tolmetin
Corticosteroid Shots
Kwa omwe ali ndi kutupa kwakukulu, jekeseni wa corticosteroids mwachindunji chokhudzidwayo ingachepetse kutupa.
Masewero a Corticosteroids
Izi corticosteroids zimabwera ndi kirimu kapena zotsekemera ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji pa zotupa za khungu, monga zilonda, zokhudzana ndi matenda a nyamakazi. Matenda a corticosteroids amachepetsa kutupa ndi kulimbikitsa machiritso.
Maantibayotiki
Maantibayotiki amathandiza kuthetsa matenda a bakiteriya omwe amachititsa nyamakazi yogwira mtima. Maantibayotiki omwe amatsatiridwa amadalira mtundu wa matenda a bakiteriya. Madokotala ena angalimbikitse munthu yemwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka kuti atenge maantibayotiki kwa nthawi yaitali (mpaka miyezi itatu). Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti nthawi zambiri, chizoloŵezichi n'chofunika.
Immunosuppressants / DMARDs
DMARD monga methotrexate kapena sulfasalzine ikhoza kuthandizira kuthetsa zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe sizingatheke ndi mankhwala ena.
TNF Blockers
Mitundu ya TNF, monga Enbrel (etanercept) ndi Remicade (infliximab) , ingakhale yothandiza kwa nyamakazi yowonongeka ndi zina zotchedwa spondyloarthropathies .
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Kodi Zochita Zolimbitsa Thupi Zimatha Kulimbitsa Matenda Opatsirana?Yesetsani Kuchita Matenda Opatsirana Amagazi
Musanayambe pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, odwala ayenera kuyankhula ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo yemwe angathe kulangiza machitidwe oyenerera.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, podziwitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, kungathandize kusintha ntchito yogwirizana. Makamaka, zolimbikitsana ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zidzasunga kapena kusintha ntchito yogwirizana.
- Zochita zolimbikitsa zimamangiriza minofu kuzungulira mgwirizano kuti imuthandize bwino.
- Zochita zolimbitsa minofu zomwe sizimasuntha ziwalo zilizonse zikhoza kuchitidwa ngakhale pamene munthu ali ndi kutupa ndi ululu.
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimawongolera kuyenda ndi kusinthasintha ndikuchepetsa kufooka kwa ophatikizidwawo.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Chofunika Kwambiri Kuchiza Mankhwala a Arthritis
- Momwe Mungaphunzitsire Pamene Muli ndi Matenda a Matenda a Matenda
Kubwezeretsanso Kubwerera kwa Matenda Okhalitsa Amagazi
Kuchita zovuta kutambasula ndi kupititsa kumbuyo kungathandize kwambiri popewera kulemala kwa nthawi yaitali kwa odwala opweteka msana kapena kutupa.
Madzi Ochita Zochita Zopangira Matenda a Arthritis
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandizenso kutupa nyamakazi. Madzi okonda kwambiri amachepetsanso kupanikizika pamagulu anu, kuti zikhale zosavuta kuchita zofunikira zolimbitsa thupi.
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Kodi Zizindikiro Zotani kwa Anthu Amene Amatha Kugonjetsa Arthritis?Kuthamangitsani
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yowonongeka amatha kuchira kwambiri chifukwa cha zizindikiro zoyamba ndipo amatha kubwerera ku ntchito zokhazokha 2 mpaka 6 miyezi yoyamba ikawonekera. Zikatero, zizindikiro za nyamakazi zimatha miyezi 12, ngakhale kuti izi zimakhala zofatsa ndipo sizimasokoneza ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Matenda a Matenda Odwala Matenda Odwala Matenda Aakulu
Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yotaya magazi amakhala ndi nyamakazi (nthawi yaitali) nyamakazi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yofatsa.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pakati pa 15 ndi 50 peresenti ya odwala adzakhala ndi zizindikiro kachiwiri pakatha chiwonongeko choyamba. N'zotheka kuti kubwezeretsa koteroko kungakhale chifukwa chobwezeretsanso. Ululu wam'mimba ndi nyamakazi ndizo zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri.
Ochepa peresenti ya odwala adzakhala ndi matenda aakulu a nyamakazi omwe amalephera kuwongolera ndi mankhwala ndipo amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopunduka.
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Kodi Ofufuza Akuphunzira Chiyani Ponena za Matenda Otha Kudwala?Kafukufuku Wosakaniza Matenda a Arthritis
Ochita kafukufuku akupitiriza kufufuza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a kutupa nyamakazi ndi matenda ophunzirira. Mwachitsanzo:
- Ofufuza akuyesa kumvetsetsa bwino mgwirizano pakati pa matenda ndi nyamakazi. Makamaka, akuyesera kudziwa chifukwa chake matendawa amachititsa nyamakazi ndi chifukwa chake anthu ena omwe amayamba kulandira matendawa amatenga nyamakazi pamene ena samatero. Asayansi akuwerenganso chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HLA-B27 ali pangozi kuposa ena.
- Ofufuza akupeza njira kuti azindikire malo omwe mabakiteriya amachititsa thupi. Asayansi ena amaganiza kuti mabakiteriya atalowa m'thupi, amatengedwera kumalo, kumene angakhalebe ochepa mpaka kalekale.
- Ochita kafukufuku akuyesa mankhwala ophatikizana omwe amawathandiza kuti azidwala matenda a nyamakazi. Makamaka, iwo akuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo kuphatikizapo TNF zowonongeka ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge thupi, monga methotrexate ndi sulfasalazine.
Chitsime: NIH Publication No. 02-5039