"Mankhwala Okhawokha" CPR Akulimbikitsidwa Kutengedwa kwa Cardiac
Kubwezeretsanso kachipatala (CPR) ndi chimodzi mwa maziko a chisamaliro chapadera. Ndizofunika kuphunzitsa pafupifupi onse opereka thandizo lachipatala ku US ndipo amaphunzitsidwa kwa anthu onse ngati gawo la maphunziro apamwamba.
Pofika m'chaka cha 2017, dziko lonse la Alaska, California, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Maine, Massachusetts, Montana ndi Wyoming) limafuna kuti ophunzira aphunzitsidwe CPR asanayambe sukulu ya sekondale.
Akachitidwa molondola, CPR ikhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo katatu kapena katatu, malinga ndi chiwerengero cha American Heart Association (AHA). Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, mbali imodzi ya CPR, yomwe imatchedwa kupuma kupuma (kapena kubwezeretsa pakamwa ), yatenthedwa ndi iwo omwe amakhulupirira kuti nthawi zina zimakhala zovulaza kuposa zabwino.
Chiyambi
Kuchokera kumayambiriro ake m'ma 1960, CPR yapitilirapo miyeso yambiri . Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amalinganiza ndi zizoloŵezi ziwiri-kupuma pakamwa ndi pakamwa kupuma ndi chifuwa-zomwe nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wa anthu omwe amamangidwa mwamphamvu .
Pazochitika ziwirizi, kubwezeretsa pakamwa ndi pakamwa kunayambitsidwa poyamba. Imeneyi inali njira yowonetsera anthu omwe anazunzika bwino chifukwa cha kudza kwa CPR ndipo adakhalabe mbali yofunikira kwambiri.
Komabe, kuphatikiza kwaziwiri sikunali zopanda mavuto pokhapokha momwe iwo akuchitiramu komanso momwe aliri othandizira kuti apulumuke.
Zovuta mu Maphunziro a CPR a Chikhalidwe
Imodzi mwazitsitsimutso zazikulu zophunzitsira CPR ndi kupeza chiŵerengero cha kupulumutsira kupumira pamtima chifuwa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati munthu mmodzi akuchita ntchito zonsezi. Zimapangitsa munthu kuti asamachite kokha koma kumbukirani magawo onse a ndondomeko yoyenera kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino.
Asanayambe kutsogolera ndondomeko yatsopano , zotsatirazi zikufunsidwa ndi wopulumutsa:
- Dziwani ngati wodwalayo akupuma.
- Fufuzani kuti muwone ngati mtima ukugunda.
- Chotsani pakamwa pa wogwidwa ndi vuto lililonse.
- Apatseni operekera 15 zipolopolo za chifuwa.
- Lembani mphuno za okhudzidwa ndikupereka mpumulo wopulumutsidwa.
- Kupitiriza kupatsa 15 zipolopolo za chifuwa ndikumapuma kupulumutsa mpaka thandizo ladzidzidzi lifika.
Zonsezi zikuphatikizidwa kuti CPR ikhale yovuta kukumbukira pazovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale ndi opulumutsi awiri, kukumbukira momwe zimakhalira , kumene kulipiritsa chifuwa, kapena momwe mungalankhulire pakamwa kungakhale kovuta komanso kuonjezera vuto lalikulu la zolakwika.
Kafukufuku Watsogolera Kusintha kwa Malangizo
Malingana ndi umboni wochuluka wothandizira kupsinjika kwa chifuwa, Komiti ya AHA yothandizira anthu odwala matenda a mtima inachititsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa malangizo a CPR mu 2005. Pakati pawo, komitiyo inalimbikitsa kuti pangidwe zambiri pakati pa kupulumutsidwa ndikudziwitsa kuti opulumutsawo sakuyang'ananso chifukwa cha kugunda musanayambe CPR.
Kusintha kumeneku kunayamba kukumana ndi kutsutsidwa kwachipongwe ndi anthu ambiri m'mabungwe azachipatala (EmS) amene ankaganiza zachinsinsi cha CPR.
Ngakhale magetsi opangidwira magetsi anapatsidwa gawo laling'ono muzitsogozo monga kupanikizika kwa chifuwa kumakhala pakati pa siteji momwe njirayi ingathe kupulumutsira miyoyo.
Ngakhale kudandaula koyambirira, mayankho a AHA anathandizidwa ndi kafukufuku ambiri omwe amasonyeza kuti kupweteka kwa chifuwa chochitidwa chokha kunapangitsa mwayi wa munthu kupulumuka poyerekeza ndi kuphatikiza kuponderezana ndi kupuma kupuma.
Mu 2010, kafukufuku wopangidwa mobwerezabwereza wotchedwa Dispatcher-Assisted Resuscitation Trial (DART) anayerekeza machitidwe awiri pa malo a EMS ku Washington ndi London. Zimene ofufuza adazipeza ndizoti, pamene munthu woimirirayo anachita CPR, odwala omwe anapatsidwa chifuwa chokhala ndi chifuwa chokha amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu kwambiri wopulumuka nawo 39 peresenti poyerekeza ndi omwe anapatsidwa kuponderezana ndi pakamwa.
Izi ndi maphunziro ena akhala akutsimikizira kuti ubwino wokhala pakamwa pakamwa pakumangika kwadzidzidzi sikungakhale kokayikitsa.
Malangizo Atsopano
Ngakhale kuti umboniwo sukuchotseratu kufunika kwa chikhalidwe cha CPR (kapena kuimitsa chiphunzitso chake m'masukulu a boma), kalembedwe ka CPR yakhala ikuthandizidwa kuti zikhale zosavuta.
Kuphatikizidwa ngati CPR-manja okha , njira yowonongeka yapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi chidaliro chachikulu kwa anthu omwe akuyenera kuchita ntchito yopulumutsa moyo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wamangidwa. Njira yowonjezereka ikuphatikizapo masitepe awiri okha:
- Itanani 911 ngati mnyamata kapena wamkulu akugwa mwadzidzidzi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mwamphamvu ndi mofulumira pakati pa chifuwa ndi nyimbo yomwe ili ndi kugunda kwa 100 mpaka 120 pa mphindi, monga "Kukhalabe Wamoyo" ndi Bee Gees, "Wopanda Chikondi" ndi Beyonce, kapena "Walk the Line" ndi Johnny Cash.
Mwa kusunga mwambo wosavuta, mwayi wa zolakwika umachepa popanda kuchepetsa mwayi wa munthu wopulumuka.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti, AHA akuyamikiriranso CPR yachinyamata kwa ana ndi ana komanso omwe amazunzidwa ndi madzi, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena anthu omwe agwa chifukwa cha vuto lakupuma.
> Zotsatira:
> American Heart Association (AHA). "Mndandanda wa Magawo a 2017 Wokhazikika Mmanja." Dallas, Texas; inatulutsidwa mu October 2017.
> AHA. "CPR mu Maphunziro a Sukulu Mapu." Idasinthidwa pa February 20, 2017.
> Rea, T., Fahrenbruch, C., Culley, L et al. "CPR ndi Chest Compression Alone kapena Rescue Breathing." N Engl J. Med . 2010; 363: 423-33. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0908993.