Momwe Kupulumutsidwa Kumapuma ndi CPR Kuli ndi Kusudzulana
Kukhetsa kuchotsa pakamwa pakamwa kuchokera ku CPR kunali kutsutsana pa maphunziro a CPR . Lingalirolo potsiriza linapeza mapazi pambuyo pa zaka zambiri; American Heart Association tsopano ikuyamikira CPR yokha - yokha kupulumutsa kupuma - kwa opulumutsidwa osaphunzitsidwa omwe akuwona wogwidwa akugwa patsogolo pawo.
Amene adaphunzitsidwa zaka zambiri mu CPR yachizolowezi nthawi zambiri amakana kusintha.
Ogwira ntchito zosayembekezereka, kuchokera ku CPR chovomerezeka kwa EMT kwa dokotala wa ER, akhala akuphunzitsidwa kwa zaka zambiri mu ABC za chithandizo chodzidzimutsa :
- Ndege
- Kupuma
- Kudutsa
mu dongosolo limenelo.
Tonse taphunzitsidwa kutsimikiza kuti wodwalayo anali ndi ulendo woyamba, ndipo ngati wodwalayo sakapuma, amapuma mpweya kwa wodwalayo pakamwa. Pomwepo, ngati wodwalayo alibe zizindikiro kapena zozizwitsa, tinaphunzitsidwa kupondereza chifuwa kuti amwe magazi mwa thupi.
Maganizo amenewo anali olakwika. Kuwona m'mene thupi lapangidwira kumatithandiza kufotokoza chifukwa chake njira yachikhalidwe kwa CPR inali itabwerera.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Timayesetsa Kutentha?
Kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kupuma ndikofunikira, palibe funso pa izo. Umboni uli mu ubongo. Zosowa zathu za ubongo zimayambira mu ubongo wathu, ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndicho kupuma. Monga momwe ubongo wonse ulili kuwonongeka ndi matenda kapena kuvulala, chimodzi mwa ntchito zomalizira zoti mupite ndizomwe mungapume.
Ngakhale zipangizo zomwe zimathandiza kupuma zimamangidwa kuti zitetezedwe. Mitsempha yomwe imapangitsa chifuwacho, minofu yomwe ili pansi pa chifuwa chogwiritsa ntchito kupuma, imapezeka pamtunda wa msana wamtsempha kotero kuti ikhale mitsempha yomalizira ngati chingwe cha msana chavulazidwa. Izi ndizo mitsempha zomwe Christopher Reeve anamwalira atagwa pahatchi, kumusiya pa mpweya wabwino kwa moyo wake wonse.
Kuika kwathu patsogolo paulendo waulendo sikutengeka; ife tinatengera chidziwitso chathu kuchokera mu thupi lomwelo. Tsoka ilo, tasowa mfundo yaikulu. Pamene kupuma ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ubongo kuti uchite-mndandanda, kupopera magazi sikukwanitsa ngakhale ubongo kukumbukira. Kuwaza magazi ndi ntchito ya mtima, ndipo mtima umachita popanda kuuzidwa.
Chifukwa chake Mtima ndi Wofunika Kwambiri kuposa Ubongo
Mitsempha yathu ndi minofu yokha yomwe ilibe thupi. Izi zimachitika mosavuta. Mtima ukhoza kupopera magazi ngakhale momwe ubongo ukuyesera kuganizira kupuma. Pamene ubongo umatha kutulutsa mpweya, mtima udzakhala ukupaka magazi kufikira utatha mphamvu.
Kotero ubongo umateteza mpweya kupita mkati ndi kunja pamene mtima umasunga magazi ukuzungulira ndi kuzungulira. Amagwira ntchito pamodzi, koma amakhala okhaokha. Ngati ubongo ukuleka kugwira ntchito, mtima ukhoza kupitiriza.
Koma, ngati mtima uleka, chomwecho ndi ubongo.
Oxygen Superhighway
Njira yoyendera magazi (mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi) ndi dongosolo la kupuma (mapapu ndi ndege) zimagwirira ntchito limodzi monga chingwe, kuyendetsa mpweya ku matupi a thupi ndi kuchotsa carbon dioxide. Mwazi wamagawo ndi msewu waukulu, uli ndi mitsempha yambiri ndi misewu ya misewu ya kumbali, onse okhala ndi magalimoto amodzi.
Mapapu ali ngati chidole chachikulu chotsegula pomwe mpweya umachotsedwa ndipo carbon dioxide imasonkhanitsidwa.
Taganizirani galimoto pamsewu waukulu. Cholinga cha galimotoyo ndicho kukhala odzaza komanso pamsewu nthawi zonse. Kutumiza katundu ndi njira yake yopangira ndalama.
Iye wangotuluka pa doko ali ndi oxygen wambiri akupita ku magulu ambiri a mafakitale omwe amafunikira kuti akhale mafuta. Adzayendetsa bwino kwambiri mu dongosolo lonse - mtima - ndiyeno mutenge msewu wawayendedwe. Atangopitiliza kutembenuka, amatha kuchotsa mitsempha yotchedwa carotid kuchoka ku ubongo. Akadzafika kumeneko, amasiya mpweya wake wambiri - zilizonse zomwe maselo a ubongo amafuna - ndikutenga zinyalala: carbon dioxide.
Tsopano akubwerera ku doko limodzi ndi mpweya wina wa oxygen ndipo mbali ina ya carbon dioxide. Iye akadakali wodzazidwa, kungosakaniza katundu wake ndi kosiyana pang'ono. Akafika pa doko, amachotsa carbon dioxide ndikutenga mpweya wambiri kuti ayende ulendo wina.
Mapapu apuma mpweya, kutulutsa carbon dioxide kunja ndi kubweretsa mpweya watsopano mkati. Chombo chotseketsa chiri wokonzeka kuti wagalimotoyo abwerere. Ngati pali vuto pachitetezo chokwanira (mapapu sanapume pazifukwa zina), akhoza kupitilira nthawi yambiri ndi katundu amene ali nawo kale. Galimoto yaying'ono imanyamula oksijeni okwanira paulendo wochepa wopereka maulendo.
Tsoka Lima
Nthawi iliyonse kamodzi, pali ngozi pa kusinthanitsa ndipo dongosolo lonse limasiya. Momwe thupi limakhudzidwira, kuyimitsa magalimoto kumatchedwa kuti kumangidwa kwa mtima .
Pamene izi zichitika, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikutenga magalimoto (kuthamanga magazi) kachiwiri. Kubwezeretsanso chikhomo (kutenga mpweya) sikungakuthandizeni chifukwa magalimoto sangathe kufika apo kuti atenge oksijeni (sangasunthe magazi). Kumbukirani, magalimoto amanyamula oksijeni okwanira kuti apereke maulendo awiri kapena atatu, osatchula angapo magalimoto (maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi zinthu zina zamagazi) ali pamsewu wopita ku aorta (ndi mitsempha yambiri) yomwe siinawonepo mpweya wabwino komabe. Zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwatsogolera.
Mfundo Yofunika Kuyikira: Ikani Nkhama, Ikani Mwamphamvu
Thupi la kayendedwe ka thupi ndilofunika kwambiri. Sizovuta - osati zovuta monga ubongo uliri, koma - ndikofunika kuti mbali zina zigwire ntchito. Zimatengera mapampu pang'ono kuti magazi asunthe. Kuika makapu a chifuwa kuti uchite pakamwa ndi pakamwa kumatseka.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza bwino kupindula kwa chifuwa chopanda pakamwa. Ngakhale zitakhala zosiyana ndi tirigu wanu ngati wamsamalidwe wamchere wokalamba yemwe adaphunzira kuchita CPR ndi kupuma kupuma, palibe njira yonyalanyaza sayansi. Poyang'ana kupopera magazi nthawi ya CPR, m'malo moyendetsa mpweya, zimapanga nzeru zambiri.
Zotsatira:
Ewy, GA, et al. "Cardiocerebral resuscitation for cardiac arrest." Am J Med . Jan 2006.
Gulu la Ophunzira la SOS-KANTO. "Kukhazikitsa mtima kwa anthu odwala matendawa kumakhala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chokhachokha (SOS-KANTO): phunziro lofufuza." Lancet . 17 Mar 2007.