Telehealth ingakhale ntchito yotsatira yothandiza anthu odwala msana
Ogwiritsira ntchito zaumoyo akuphunziranso kwambiri za momwe amachitira komanso mankhwala omwe adalangizidwa kwa madokotala awo. Ngakhale kuti izi zikuchitikadi-ndipo moyenera-zikuphatikizapo anthu omwe amakhala ndi khosi kapena ululu wammbuyo, ukonde umaponyedwa mochuluka kwambiri kuposa umenewo.
Pa intaneti ndi panja, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana amachitanso kafukufuku wochuluka, akugawana zambiri zachipatala kunja kwa ofesi ya dokotala ndikuitanitsa kulimbika mtima kwambiri kuti adzinenere okha ngati akudzimva kuti ali ochepa kapena oponderezedwa.
Izi zikhoza kukhala zosafunikira; malo odwala a mchipatala, makamaka pa masewera a msana, amadzaza ndi anthu omwe amasonyeza kuti ali ndi zochepa zofunikira zothandizira.
Mwachitsanzo, si zachilendo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nsana, kumutu, kapena kupweteka kwa msana kapena kupweteka kwapachirombo pakamwa powauza mankhwala osiyanasiyana komanso osiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri kuposa kamodzi pa mtundu wa mankhwala. Mankhwala oterewa amatha kukhala ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala kwa jekeseni ndi opaleshoni.
Ngakhale kuti pali zambiri zomwe mwasankha, ambiri amanena kuti adachokera ku odyssey ndi zotsatira zosapindulitsa.
Owerenga-bungwe la bungwe la Health Care Research Quality (AHRQ) amayang'ana mgwirizano pakati pa ndalama zothandizira msana ndi kuwongolera kumbuyo ndi makosi a odwala omwe ali ndi zolemba zawo. Ngakhale kuti ndalama zambiri zomwe wodwalayo anazipeza panthawi ya wodwala $ 6096 chaka chonse cha 2005, ochita kafukufuku sakanakhoza kulongosola ndalamazo ndi kuchepetsa kupweteka kofanana kapena kusintha kwa thupi.
Sizinali zokhazokha, koma zaka zisanu ndi zitatu pakati pa 1997 ndi 2005, ndalama zothandizira msana zawonjezeka ndi 65 peresenti, ngakhale kuti zotsatira zinakhala zofanana kwambiri. Malinga ndi olemba a AHRQ, "panalibe kusintha kwa nyengoyi payekha, kulemala, kugwira ntchito, kapena kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu [ofufuza] omwe ali ndi vuto la msana."
Chinthu china mwachindunji ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zojambula zojambula zojambula-zosafunikira. Kafukufuku wa 2017 wofalitsidwa mu JAMA Internal Medicine anapeza kuti maofesi a madokotala omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipatala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri MRI, X-rays, CT, zofufuza zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ululu wammbuyo.
Kawirikawiri, pamene zojambulazo zimaperekedwa kwa odwala mosafunika (mwachitsanzo, pamene wodwalayo alibe zizindikiro za mitsempha ), amaonedwa ngati "otsika mtengo."
Phunzirolo linapezanso kuti opereka mankhwala othandizira kuchipatala anapanga zowonjezereka kwa akatswiri.
Ngati simunadziwe, pamodzi ndi maulendo opita kuchipatala, maofesi a dokotala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala nthawi zambiri amapereka chisamaliro chapadera kwa anthu omwe amakhala kumadera akutali.
Kodi Zolemba Zamakono Zosamalirako Zimapangitsa Odwala Zawo Kuwachiritsa?
Mchitidwe wopita ku savvier healthismism umakhala ndi Health 2.0, umene unayamba m'zaka za 2000s kuti zipangizo zamakono za odwala ndi osamalira awo akufuna kulumikizana ndi ena pazokhudzana ndi zachipatala.
Masiku ano, Odwala, Odwala monga Ine, ma gulu a Facebook omwe amaperekedwa ku zikhalidwe kapena mankhwala ena, ndipo malo ena omwe ali ndi maofesi ofanana nawo akuwonjezeka. Kumeneku mungapeze kuwerengera kwa dokotala, kusinthana kwa chidziwitso, cheerleading, ndi comradery.
Ndipotu, malo ambiriwa amapindula pakutha kusiyana pakati pa zizindikiro za matenda omwe adokotala amavomereza inshuwalansi ndi zomwe odwala amakhala nazo.
Izi zikuti, kumbukirani kuti nthawi zambiri anthu amaika pa malo awa sali antchito azachipatala, zomwe zikutanthauza zambiri za chidziwitso chomwe inu mumapeza mwina malingaliro ambiri kuposa chowonadi.
Zina mwa mabungwewa akugwirizanitsa mgwirizano wapatali pakati pa magulu opanga chitukuko cha opanga mankhwala ndi zipangizo komanso mamembala awo. Ambiri mwa anthuwa amatumikira molimbika ngati oleza mtima poyankhula kwa anthu ambirimbiri omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo.
Ngakhale kuti chovuta chotsatira chithandizo cha wodwalayo chikuwonjezereka, ambiri omwe amapereka chithandizo akupitiriza kulandira malipiro a chiwerengero cha mautumiki operekedwa. Mofananamo, ziwerengero za deta zilipo, ndipo zimapitilizidwira, kutsimikiziranso kuti chisamaliro cha kupweteka kwa khosi ndi kupweteka kumbuyo kwachidakwa ku America.
Phunziro la 2013 lomwe lafalitsidwa mu JAMA linasanthula zolembedwa za oposa 23,000 odwala msana kwa zaka khumi ndi chimodzi pakati pa chaka cha999 ndi 2010. Phunzirolo linapeza kuti malamulo a NSAID ndi Tylenol adachepetsedwa pamene malamulo a kupweteka kwa mankhwalawa amakula. Sizinali zokhazo, koma zolemba zamankhwala zokhazokha zinalipo 20 peresenti yazolembedwa zonse ndi madokotala.
Kutsegula Telemedicine ndi Telehealth
Zipangizo zamakono zowonjezera zili pafupi. Mipando iwiri yatsopano ya telemedicine ndi telehealth ikupeza nthunzi, osati kwa odwala msana, koma kwa aliyense.
Amatchedwanso kuti mankhwala ogula, telemedicine ndizochita zamankhwala patali, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu, mavidiyo, zikalata, ndi deta. Telehealth, ndi mbali yowonjezereka yomwe ikuphatikizapo zinthu monga maphunziro a odwala, kupititsa patsogolo, ndi kupewa. Telemedicine imasiyana ndi telehealth chifukwa ndizochitika zenizeni zachipatala, zodzaza ndi kutsata kwa HIPPA, zizindikiro za matenda, zothandizira, komanso nthawi zina opaleshoni. Mungaganize za telehealth monga zinthu monga mapulogalamu, pulogalamu ya kulemera kwa intaneti kukulitsa umoyo, ndi zina zotero.
Minda yonseyi akadakali mwana. Koma pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina, ochirikiza amakhulupirira kuti potsirizira pake angakhale othandiza kuti apitirize kusamalira anthu onse, komanso kuti athe kupereka thandizo lachipatala lofunika kwambiri kwa odwala ovuta. Malo okhala ndi zosowa zazikulu akuphatikizapo maiko akumidzi a US ndi maiko atsopano.
Izi zati, diso la mbalame likuyang'ana munda wovuta wa telemedicine umasonyeza kuti zotsatira za thanzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi zimakhala zosiyana. Othandizira omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta samatsatira nthawi zonse malangizo azachipatala, omwe ndi othandizira ovomerezeka omwe amavomereza ndi madokotala ena. (Kukhala wolungama, izi ndizowona ndi operekera omwe amachitira kunyumba; pamene kutsatira malangizo a chithandizo ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe zimapindulitsa ochitira umboni onse olemekezeka ndi odwala awo, sizikufunikira kwenikweni ndi lamulo.)
Onjezerani kuti izi sikuti onse olemba magetsi amanena kuti akukhutira ndi chisamaliro chawo, ndipo mukhoza kuona kuti ntchito yambiri iyenera kuchitika pa telemedicine ndi telehealth.
Mwachitsanzo, 2017 yofalitsidwa ku JRSM Open inapeza kuti odwala matenda aakulu a mtima omwe adawona dokotala wawo kudzera mu telemedicine system akufotokoza zokhazokha zapadera. Sizinali zokhazokha, koma zotsatira zenizenizi zinali zochepa, ndipo ntchitoyo inalephera kufika kwa odwala amene amafunikira kwambiri chisamaliro.
Phunziro lina la 2017, lomwe lafalitsidwa mu Front Pharmacology, linasonyeza kuti, chifukwa zonse zabwino zake, telemedicine silingathe kuwombola zaumoyo. Ofufuzawo sanathe kupeza umboni wokwanira kuti atsimikizire telemedicine kwa odwala matenda a shuga omwe amafunika kuyendetsa chiwerengero chawo cha mliriwu.
Telemedicine mu Industry Care Care Industry
Koma kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ululu ndi kupweteka kumbuyo, pali pang'ono kakang'ono ka chiyembekezo. Ngati kufufuza koyambirira kuli chisonyezero, odwala opweteka kumbuyo ndi kumutu amatha kukhala bwinoko kusiyana ndi omwe amawona akatswiri ena azachipatala kupyolera mu msakatuli.
Pofika m'chaka cha 2017, ochita kafukufuku ambiri akuyitanitsa magawo a telemedicine monga momwe akudziwiritsira. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa 2017 wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Physical Medicine ndi Rehabilitation anapeza kuti odwala opweteka kwambiri a pamtima anapindula kupweteka kwabwino, kuchitidwa bwino kwa thupi komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochita masewero olimbitsa thupi kusiyana ndi omwe anapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wawo. munthu.
Phunziro lina, amene akuyang'ana telemedicine chifukwa cha ululu wochepa, anadza ndi zotsatira zofanana. Phunziroli linasindikizidwa mu magazini ya Spine Journal ya April 2017 .
Kuchokera pa kafukufukuyu, zinakunkhidwa kuti ngakhale telemedicine sizinali zonse, kuthetsa njira yonse yopereka mauthenga omwe e-Health amalimbikitsa angakufunseni kuti mukhulupirire, makamaka mu msana wosamalira, zimakhala zochepetsera ululu ndi / kapena kulemala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ululu wopweteka kwambiri.
Izi zinati, olembawo akunena kuti pofika mu 2017, telehealth "imasokonezeka," ngakhale kuti ikugwirizana ndi chisamaliro chachizolowezi.
Imodzi mwa nkhani zovuta kwambiri pa zokambirana zapamwamba zothandizira msana zimayambitsa zojambula zojambula, ndikufunsa mafunso ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "mafilimu" omwe mukufunikiradi kuti mutenge msana ? Kapena, ayenera kupita kwa dokotala chifukwa cha ululu wam'mbuyo modzidzimutsa ndikuyenera kulamula kuti MRI ilamulire ?
Maumboni okhudzana ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi zachipatala akunena kuti ayi-kupatula ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za mitsempha zomwe zingawonetsetse vuto lalikulu , mafilimu ndi mayesero a matenda sizowathandiza kuti dokotala apange matenda a msana.
Ndipotu, phunziro la 2011 lomwe linatulutsidwa mu Annals la Internal Medicine , Chou, et al, linamaliza kunena kuti kujambula kwanthawi zonse sikugwirizana ndi mapindu othandiza. Koma madokotala ambiri amapitiliza kuwalamula odwala awo opweteka msana.
Kodi telemedicine ingathandize?
Pepani, ayi. Ngakhale kuti palibe kafukufuku wochuluka omwe wakhala akuyesedwa pa mutu uwu, kafukufuku wina, wofalitsidwa mu magazini ya March 2016 ya Telemedicine ndi e-Health, adapeza kuti telemedicine madokotala osayera analamula mafilimu ofanana ngati madokotala, omwe anali pakati pa 79 ndi 88 peresenti ya odwala awona.
Mawu Ochokera
Osachepera tsopano, tabwereranso ku malo amodzi. Akatswiri ndi kuika anthu omwe adziwa zaka zambiri kuti kukhalabe mwakhama ndikofunika kwambiri kuti nthawi yayitali ikhale yobwezeretsa, ngakhale ngati pali zinthu zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala.
Makamaka, kukhazikika kwa msana ndi kuyimilira kwakukulu kwatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza mu maphunziro a kafukufuku.
Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa 2001 anapeza kuti pakatha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, odwala omwe amadalira chithandizo chachipatala okha anali oposa kawiri kuti akambirane ndi vuto lawo poyerekeza ndi omwe anayamba ntchito yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. kuwonjezera pa chithandizo chamankhwala.
Choncho, kuphunzitsa kuchokera kwa wothandizira amene amadziwa bwino vuto lanu lakumbuyo kungakhalebe phindu lanu lopumula-kaya mumawawona pa intaneti kapena kuchipatala.
> Zotsatira:
> Chou, R., ndi. al. Zithunzi zojambulidwa za ululu wa m'mbuyo: uphungu wa chisamaliro chapamwamba cha thanzi kuchokera ku American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. Feb 2011. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21282698
> Dario, A. Kugwira ntchito kwapadera kwa Telehealth kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lapafupi. Mphepete. April 2071. https://www.fotoinc.com/news-updates/ffectiveness-telehealth-low-back-pain
> Gialanella, B., Home Based Based Telemedicine kwa Odwala ndi Chronic Neck Pain. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Kukonzanso: May 2017. http://journals.lww.com/ajpmr/Abstract/2017/05000/Home_Based_Telemedicine_in_Patients_with_Chronic.8.aspx
> Amabisa, J., et. al. Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali ya zozizwitsa zolimbitsa thupi pa nthawi yoyamba yopweteka kwambiri. Mphepete. June 2001. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11389408
> Kruse, C., ndi. al. Mphamvu ya telemedicine mu kuyang'anira matenda aakulu a mtima - ndondomeko yowonongeka. JRSM Open. March 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5347273/
> Lee, S., ndi. al. Telemedicine pofuna kuyang'anira Glycemic Control ndi Zotsatira za Chipatala cha mtundu wa shuga wa matenda a shuga: Kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane ndi Kusanthula Meta za Maphunziro Othandizidwa Okhazikika. Front Pharmacol. May 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5447671/
> Mafi, J., ndi. al. Mgwirizano wa Kusamalira Pakhomo Loyamba Malo ndi Ufulu Ndi Kupereka Chisamaliro Cha Mtengo Wapatali ku United States. Jama Intern Med. June 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28395013
> Mafi, J., ndi. al. kuwonjezereka kwazomwe mukuyang'anira ndi chithandizo cha ululu wa bnack. JAMA Intern Med. Sept. 2013. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23896698
> Uscher-Pines, L, ndi. al. Kufikira ndi khalidwe la chisamaliro mu Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine. Telemedicine ndi E-Health. March 2016. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/tmj.2015.0079