Zachidule za Zing'anga

Mphuno, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti herpes zoster (HZ), ndi kupweteka kosautsa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi varicella zoster virus (VZV) yomwe imayambitsa nkhuku. Kuwonjezera pa ziphuphu ndi zovuta zomwe ndizo zizindikiro zazikulu za mkuntho, anthu ambiri amamva kupweteka kosalekeza pakatha kupweteka-chikhalidwe chotchedwa postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Manyowa amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso njira zothandizira zizindikiro, koma chofunika kwambiri pakuyendetsa shingles ndiko kupewa: Anthu omwe amalandira katemera wa nkhuku amapewa makoswe chifukwa amatetezedwa ku matenda a varicella. Kwa omwe ali ndi nkhuku, pali katemera awiri.

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Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za mkuntho zimawonekera pa magawo awiri osiyana. Pachiyambi pa izi, pulogalamu ya prodromal, munthu nthawi zambiri adzawona zizindikiro za matenda ambiri, monga malungo, mutu, ndi kutopa. Zidzakhala zowawa msanga. Anthu afotokozera shingles kupweteka monga kuyaka, kulumpha, kumangirira, kuwombera, ndi zina. Kupweteka nthawi zambiri kumakhala kumbali imodzi ya thupi.

Pachigawo chachiwiri cha shingles, khungu kumene ululu woyamba umamveka lidzakhala lofiira ndipo limakhudzidwa ndi kukhudza, mofanana ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa. Pakangopita masiku ochepa, mabelitusi odzaza madzi, kapena vesicles, adzakula m'deralo. Mapeto ake, izi zidzatha, koma mpaka atapanga munthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV-kutanthauza kuti munthu yemwe alibe chiopsezo cha nkhuku (mwachibadwa chifukwa chakuti ali nacho kapena chifukwa cha katemera) akhoza kutenga nkhuku kuti asagwirizane ndi kusakanikirana kwachitsulo.

Mavuto ochokera ku shingles ndi PHN, omwe angakhalepo kwa masabata kapena zaka zakubadwa, komanso matenda ena achiwiri monga impetigo (matenda a khungu la bakiteriya) ndi matenda a meningitis. Pamene shingles malonda amakula pamaso amatha kuwononga kwamuyaya maso kapena kumva.

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Kudziwa

Ngakhale kuti ululu umene umayamba kutsogoloko ukhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha chinthu chinanso, ziphuphuzo zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Ichi ndi chowonadi chifukwa cha chitsanzo chimene amapanga: Sikuti kokha khungu limakhala pambali imodzi ya thupi, nthawi zambiri limathamangira khungu. Ngati munthu akukula mofulumira komanso ali ndi mbiri yachipatala ya nkhuku, madokotala ambiri amatha kupeza ming'oma pogwiritsa ntchito kuunika kokha. Ngati pali kukaikira kulikonse, kudula minofu kapena chikopa cha khungu kungatsimikizire shingles.

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Zifukwa ndi Zoopsa

Nkhumba zimayamba pamene kachilombo ka varicella, kamene kamayambitsa nkhuku, imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo poti yayamba kugwidwa m'magazi-nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake izi sizikudziwika bwinobwino, koma amaganiza kuti kachilombo kamatulukanso pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimafookera-zochitika zachibadwa ndi msinkhu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chothamanga ndi omwe ali ndi zaka 50 kapena 60 omwe anali ndi nkhuku ngati ana.

Koma palinso zifukwa zina zomwe chitetezo cha munthu chimapangidwira-kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a immunodeficiency (HIV), mwachitsanzo, kapena ngati zotsatira za mankhwala monga chemotherapy. Ngakhalenso ana akhoza kutengeka. Mwamwayi, shingles ndi kawirikawiri pa ana ocheperapo khumi ndipo omwe amabwera ndi matendawa amakhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kuposa anthu akuluakulu. Ana omwe amakhala pachiopsezo chothamanga ndi omwe anali ndi nkhuku asanakwanitse chaka chimodzi kapena omwe amayi awo anali ndi nkhuku m'zaka zitatu za mimba.

Pali umboni wakuti nthawi zina kupanikizika kumayambitsa kukhwima. Izi zikhoza kukhala mikangano yosiyanasiyana ya m'munda ndi nkhawa kapena chokhumudwitsa chimodzi, monga kutayika kwa ntchito kapena wokondedwa.

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Chithandizo

Choyamba komanso chofunika kwambiri pakuchulukitsana ndikofunika kuimitsa kachilombo ka varicella kuti ipitirize kuchulukitsa: Ngati nthawi yayitali ikupitiriza kupangitsa kuti mitsempha ikhale yovuta, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zikhale zovuta. Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana-Zovirax (acyclovir), Famvir (famciclovir), kapena Valtrex (valacyclovir) -wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamene atengedwa mkati mwa maola 72 akugwedezeka kwa shingles.

Kupitirira apo, cholinga chokhalira ndi kukhwima ndikutulutsa zizindikiro. Njira zothandizira kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga zikuphatikizapo:

• Akulowa mu bafa ya oatmeal
• Kuvala zovala zosavala, makamaka kudera limene mphutsi yatha
• Kuchita zosamalidwa bwino-kupuma mokwanira, kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (Tai Chi wapezeka kuti athandize anthu ena), ndi zina zotero

Kupweteka ndi kupweteka kwachilendo kumatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka kwa o-o-counter (oTC), kuphatikizapo mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa (NSAID) monga Tylenol (acetaminophen) ndi Advil (ibuprofen); Mankhwala a antihistamines ndi am'munsi kuti athetse; ndi zina zotchuka za OTC, monga malonda a calamine, lidocaine, ndi capsaicin.

Pakhoza kukhala phindu lina mwa njira zina zothandizira-pakati pawo, kuchitapo kanthu, kutulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi zothandizira (TENS), kutulutsa thupi, ndi zakudya zina zotchedwa proteolytic enzymes.

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Kupewa

Kwa aliyense yemwe sanayambepopo ndi nkhuku, chinsinsi choteteza ming'oma ndicho kutenga katemera wa varicella. Pakali pano, inoculation imeneyi imathandiza kwambiri kuti mwana asapitirire katemera, koma angaperekedwe kwa ana opitirira 13 ndi akulu omwe sanakhalepo ndi nkhuku.

Kwa anthu omwe adakhala ndi nkhuku ndipo motero amakhala akugonjetsa kachilombo ka varicella, pali katemera wa shingles. Chimodzi mwa izi, Zostavax (tktkt) chakhala chikupezeka kuyambira 2006, koma chasandulika ngati chithandizo chovomerezedwa ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ndi mfuti yotchedwa Shingrix. Shingrix yapezeka kuti ikugwira ntchito kuposa Zostavax.

Kuwonjezera pa katemera, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, makamaka kupewa kupezeka kwapathengo, kungathandize kuteteza kachilombo ka varicella kuti asakhalenso ogwira ntchito.

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Mawu Ochokera

Palibe yankho la shingles ndi matenda osasangalatsa kwambiri, omwe ali ovuta kwambiri ndipo, malingana ndi kumene kuli chiwombankhanga, angakuchititseni kudzidzimva mpaka mutachiza. Nthawi zambiri, shingles akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto aakulu nthawi yaitali komanso osatha. Matenda onsewa akhoza kutetezedwa, komabe, ndi katemera wophweka-kuti nkhuku ndi nkhuku ngati mulibe kachilombo kamene mulibe kachilombo ka HIV kapena mwana wanu. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kuti muwone njira yomwe imapangitsa kuti mumvetsetse bwino za msinkhu wanu ndi gawo lanu la moyo ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala, choncho ndi bwino kuti muyenerere mwayi wanu wothandizira zaumoyo kapena kuwonjezera mafunso okhudza masewera ku mndandanda wa mafunso omwe mungapemphe yotsatira yotsatira.