Auditory Tube
Khopu yotchedwa eustachian, kapena chubu yowonongeka, imagwirizanitsa khutu la pakati mpaka kumapiri omwe ali pamwamba pammero pamphuno. Chubu ili pafupi pamwamba pa khutu la pakati ndipo ili ndi katatu kumapeto kotsekemera kumbali zonsezo. Mafupa, mapuloteni, ndi tizilombo timene timapanga tizilombo timene timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. M'kati mwa chubu palokha, palinso malo osiyana, gawo lapamwamba la chubu ndi losalala, pamene gawo la pansi la chubu lili ndi cilia, kapena zooneka ngati tsitsi.
Kusiyanitsa kwa Tube ya Esupiya kwa Ana ndi Akuluakulu
Ukulu wa tube mu makanda ndi pafupifupi 17.5 mm, omwe amapitirira kukula mpaka pafupifupi 37.5 mm pamene akukula.
Mng'oma wa chubu mu makanda ndi ana ndi madigiri 10 okha kuchokera kumutu (diso la Frankfort) lozungulira. Izi zimasiyana ndi munthu wamkulu, komwe mbali yake imakhala pafupi kwambiri madigiri 45. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kwa madigiri 30 kumatengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha ana omwe amatha kupweteka kwa khutu pakati.
Kuchita bwino kwa minofu kumasiyananso kwa ana ndi akulu. Pali mitsempha inayi yomwe imathandiza kuti kutsegula ndi kutsekedwa kwa chubu la eustachian: tensor veli palatine, palatine ya veli palatine, salpingopharyngeus, ndi tensor tympani. Mu chidlren, minofu imeneyi ndi yopanda pake, pamene akukula, amakhala ndi chidwi kwambiri. Kusiyana kumeneku kumaganiziranso kuti kumawonjezera chiopsezo chachikulu kwa ana omwe amatha kupweteka khutu pakati.
Ntchito ya Tube ya Eustachian
Kapepala ka eustachian kaŵirikaŵiri amadziŵika chifukwa cha ntchito yake poyesa kupanikiza pakati pa khutu la pakati. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, komabe phukusi la eustachian likugwira ntchito zitatu izi:
- Kupanikizana kofanana pakati pa khutu la pakati
- Kusakaniza malo achinsinsi
- Kuteteza khutu lakati kwa mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi
Nthawi zambiri chubu la eustachian limatsegula 1 mpaka 2 pa ola lililonse. Potsegulidwa, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotseguka kwa masekondi pafupifupi 0.3 mpaka 0,5. Komabe chubu yotchedwa eustachian imatsegulira mobwerezabwereza komanso kwa nthawi yayitali pamene ikukwera.
Kupanikizika kwa Equalization
Kupsyinjika kwa mpweya kumasintha pamene mutasintha kumtunda ndipo nyengo ikasintha. Pamene chisokonezo cha mlengalenga chimasintha, khutu la khutu limasintha mawonekedwe chifukwa chokanikizidwa pakati pa khutu. Popanda kufanana ndi vuto, khutu la khutu silikhoza kuyankha molankhulana mofanana komanso kumva kwanu kumakhudza. Ngati kupanikizika pakati pa khutu sikunayanjanitsidwe ndipo kupanikizika kwakukulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, mukhoza kumva ululu ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumva khutu . Pamene khutu lanu limagwirizanitsa mukhoza kukhala ndi "maganizo".
Kutuluka kwa Middle Middle
Pofuna kusunga bwino bwino khutu la pakati, danga liyenera kukhala lopanda madzi ndi zinyalala zina. Zipangizo zooneka ngati tsitsi, zomwe zimadziwika kuti cilia, zimasunthira mwatsatanetsatane kutsegula tsamba la eustachian. Izi sizidalira mphamvu yokoka ndipo zidzachitika kawirikawiri pokhapokha pali vuto ndi njira; monga pachiyero ciliary dyskinesia.
Kamodzi pakati, khutu la chubu lili ndi kamasi ndi cilia zomwe zimamenya (kapena kusunthira kumbuyo ndi kutuluka mumtsinje ngati mawonekedwe); kusuntha zinthuzo pamtunda wa eustachian mpaka kumbuyo kwa mmero.
Zinthu zingapo zingakhudze ntchito yachizolowezi yowonongeka ndi kusintha kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kapena makulidwe a mucus mu chubu cha eustachian. Zitsanzo za zovuta zomwe zingasinthe makulidwe a ntchentche zikuphatikizapo: cystic fibrosis, otitis media , ndi sinusitis . Matenda a bakiteriya komanso mavairasi amatha kugwira ntchito yodalirikayi ndipo amatha kufika mwezi umodzi mutatha kuchira kwa ntchito yachilili yobwerera.
Zina zingalepheretse kapena kutseka pang'ono phukusi la eustachian lotsegula kumbuyo kwa mmero. Zowonjezera adenoids ndi adenoids mwa ana aang'ono zingakhale chifukwa cha kusungidwa uku.
Ngati kuli koyenera adenoidectomy ikhoza kuchitidwa pofuna kumasula mpata kuzungulira chubu la eustachian.
Chitetezo
Nthawi zambiri, kutsegula kwa chubu la eustachian kumbuyo kwa mmero kumatsekedwa. Izi zimatumikira 3 ntchito zoteteza:
- Chotsalira kwa mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi kuti asatuluke mu chubu la eustachian
- Zimalepheretsa kumveka mawu kuchokera kumalo oyendayenda kumalo osungira khutu
- Thandizani kuthetsa vuto lakumveka pakati pa khutu chifukwa chakumveka mokweza
Chitetezo chimenechi chimasokonezedwa ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizimitsegulira kumbuyo kwa mmero. Pulogalamu yaikulu ya eustachian ndi chitsanzo cha ichi ndipo imadziwika kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za kudzidzimutsa, kapena kumva kwapadera kwa mawu ake kapena kupuma.
Njira Zotsegula Tizilombo Tomwe Timadya
Pamene mukusintha mapiri, ndizodziwika kuti mumamva makutu odulidwa . Poyambirira, kumverera kotere kumangokhumudwitsa, popanda kuyenera equalization, ululu ukhoza kukulirakulira pamene mukupitiriza kusinthika. Pofuna kuthetsa ululu kapena kupweteka, muyenera kuyambitsa kutsegula kwa chubu la eustachian. Nazi njira zotsatirazi:
- yawning
- kudula
- kutafuna chingamu
- Zovuta za Toynbee - kumeza pamene mukuphwanya mphuno yanu
Zotsatira:
O'Reilly, RC & Levi, J. (2015). Kupatula Otolaryngology. 6th ed. Anatomy ndi Physiology ya Tube ya Eustachian. Idapezeka pa 2/21/2016 kuchokera ku http://www.clinicalkey.com (Kulembetsa Kuyenera)
Siebert, JW & Danner, CJ (2006). Ntchito ya Tube ya Eustachian ndi Middle Middle. Makanema a Otolaryngologic a North America. 39 (6), 1221-1235.