Matenda a sinus (sinusitis) amatha kupangidwa pambuyo pa kutupa kwa sinus chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena zovuta. Kuchuluka kwa sinusitis kumatenga masiku 10 mpaka masabata anayi ndipo ikhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mabakiteriya. Pamene kutupa ndi zizindikiro zimatenga masabata 12 kapena kuposerapo, imatchedwa sinusitis yambiri ndipo kawirikawiri imakhala chifukwa cha kutupa, kudwala, kukhumudwa, kapena kusemphana, koma zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a fungal.
Ana ndi akuluakulu akhoza kukhala ndi sinusitis yambiri kapena yachilendo. Kuphunzira zambiri za zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a sinus kungakuthandizeni kuti musawaletse-kapena kuti mudziwe bwino kuti wina ali panjira.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa
Zizindikiro za sinusitis nthawi zambiri zimayamba ndi matenda opuma opuma, monga chimfine, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa ndi kusokonezeka m'magazi ndi misinkhu. Nthendayi, kuphatikizapo chimfine, imatha kuyambitsa kutupa kwa sinus. Pamene mucous membranes mu sinus akuwotcha amayamba kutupa, kuwapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuti iwo kukhetsa. Kuchuluka kwa ntchentche kapena ntchentche zowononga zimatha kuzimitsa zitsulo, kuchititsa kupweteka ndi kupweteka. Kulephera kwa ziphuphu kukhetsa ndi kusagwirizana kwa mpweya wa mpweya kumapangitsa malo omwe ali abwino kwa kukula kwa bakiteriya.
Zovuta za Viral Sinusitis
Mu kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a viral sinusitis, kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matenda opatsirana kumapangitsa kuti asatengere chinyezi, ndipo akupitiriza kutulutsa ntchentche, kutupa, ndi kusokonezeka.
Matenda oterewa (kapena subacute) sinus akhoza kukhala kwa masiku khumi asanafike bwino.
Zachilendo Bacterial Sinusitis
Mu bacysias sinusitis, mabakiteriya omwe amakula mumachimo omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi zizindikiro. Matendawa angayambe ndi kachilomboka, kapena kusokonezeka kungakhale chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha zowopsa kapena zowopsya zina.
Ngati zizindikirozo zapitirira masiku khumi ndi khumi ndipo sizikulirakulira, kapena zowonjezereka, zowonjezereka, ndiye kuti kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya kamakula.
Fungal Sinus Infection
N'zotheka kuti uchimo wanu ukhale ndi matenda a bowa. Mtundu umodzi wa kachilombo ndi bowa losasokonezeka, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala chifukwa cha bowa Aspergillus. Bowa amakhala mumlengalenga koma samakhala mkati mwa thupi. Kukhalapo kwa maselo okufalikira akufa, ntchentche, ndi zinyalala m'matchimo anu zimalola bowa kuyamba kukula pamenepo, koma sizitha kulowa m'thupi lanu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti sinusitis iwonongeke, kumutu, komanso kupweteka kwa sinus.
Mitundu ina ya bowa ikhoza kupezeka m'mlengalenga, koma nthawi zambiri sichitha minofu yamoyo. Akachita, matenda oopsa a fungus akhoza kuchitika; Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoteteza mthupi. Pamene bowa limakula limayambitsa zizindikiro zoopsa monga momwe zimakhudzidwira zida zapafupi.
Mitundu ina ya matenda a sinus, sinusitis ya fungalomatous invasive fungal sinusitis, imapezeka makamaka ku Sudan, India, ndi Pakistani ndipo imakhudza anthu omwe amawoneka kuti ali ndi mphamvu zowonongeka.
Matenda owopsa a fungal sinus nthawi zambiri amakhala osapitirira (miyezi yaitali kuposa miyezi itatu).
Zingakhale zovuta kuchiza ndipo zingafunike opaleshoni ya sinus ndi mankhwala osakaniza kuti athetse.
Matenda Achilendo a Sinus
Chronic sinusitis ikhoza kukulirakulira mutatha mobwerezabwereza pamwamba pa kupuma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komabe, kugwirizanitsa pakati pa matendawa ndi matenda a sinusitis siwonekeratu-ndipo kachilombo ka HIV sikungakhale vuto lalikulu.
Nthawi zambiri, matenda akuluakulu a sinus amayamba chifukwa cha kutupa kumene kumayambitsidwa ndi chifuwa kapena kukwiya kuchokera ku zinthu zakumwamba. Matenda alionse amene amachititsa kutupa kapena kusokonezeka angapangitse sinusitis, koma kufooka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuchitika chaka chonse (zinyama, nyama ya dander, nkhungu, ntchentche) zingakhale zovuta makamaka.
Makamaka, kupweteka kwa bowa kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha matenda aakulu a sinusitis chifukwa fungal chifuwa chimayambitsa ntchentche kuti ikhale yayikulu wandiweyani. Mitundu yambiri yomwe imayambitsa matendawa ndi Alternaria , Cladosporium , Aspergillus , Penicillium , ndi Fusarium . Bowa lomwe lili pamlengalenga limatha kulowa mumtambo wakuda kwambiri ndipo limapitirizabe kusokoneza.
Zomwe zimachitika m'thupi zimathandizanso kuti sinusitis isasokonezeke. Mankhwala otsekemera (concha bullosa) , nsalu yopasuka , yotchuka adenoids, ndi mapepala amkati amatha kulepheretsa mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya wabwino. Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu ndi minofu yowonongeka yomwe ikukula mkati mwa zinyama ndi njira zamphongo. Chodabwitsa, kukhala ndi sinusitis kosatha mkati mwake kungayambitse minofu yodwala kapena kukula kosazolowereka ngati mapepala amkati. Mavuto amenewa angafunikire kukonza opaleshoni.
Matenda a aspirin (AERD) ndi matenda omwe amachititsa matenda a sinusitis, asthma, ndi aspirin. Anthu omwe ali ndi AERD nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mapepala amphongo. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi sinusitis yaikulu yomwe imakhudza zochimwa zonse.
Zinthu Zowopsa M'moyo
Allergic rhinitis ndi chiwopsezo cha sinusitis yoopsa komanso yachilendo. Ngati muli ndi chiwopsezo cha chilengedwe, muyenera kuyesetsa kupewa kupezeka kwazomwe mumayambitsa. Muyenera kukhala ndi chifuwa chanu chopezeka bwino ndikudziwika kotero kuti mudziwe zomwe muyenera kupewa. Mukhozanso kugwira ntchito kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zowononga chifuwa chanu.
Ngati muli ndi chitetezo champhamvu choteteza thupi lanu, mukhoza kukhala pangozi yowonjezera ya sinusitis yambiri kapena yachilendo. Izi zikuphatikizapo aliyense amene ali ndi HIV / Edzi, multipleeloma , khansa ya magazi, kapena matenda aakulu, kapena amene akudwala mankhwala a corticosteroids kapena chemotherapy. Thupi lanu limakhala lovuta kwambiri kuteteza matenda omwe angabweretse sinusitis, monga chimfine, koma akuchira ku matenda a sinus ngati wina atenga mizu. Matenda a fungal omwe angapangitse sinusitis makamaka omwe amapezeka kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mphamvu yoteteza mthupi.
Zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chitukuko cha sinusitis nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo matenda a reflux (gerd), mphumu, mpweya wotchedwa rhitisitis , cystic fibrosis , matenda a Kartagener, ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana.
Zochitika Zowopsa Kwamoyo
Pali zifukwa zoopsa zomwe mungathe kuzikakamiza kuti mutha kupewa matenda akuluakulu kapena achilendo aakulu.
Mavuto a Zachilengedwe
Kuphwanya poizoni wa chilengedwe kumathandizira kukhala ndi sinusitis osatha. Mankhwala a mtundu wina ndi omwe amapezeka pochita ntchito monga a labotale, wogwira ntchito, wokonza matabwa, wopanga mipando, ndi wamakhalidwe abwino. Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, makamaka, kungapangitse ngozi.
Kusuta ndi utsi wa Secondhand
Mwinanso mankhwala owopsa a chilengedwe omwe amapezeka ndi sinusitis aakulu ndi utsi wa fodya . Utsi wa sakisitara umakhudza kwambiri maselo apadera omwe amayenda pamtunda. Tsitsi lofanana ndi cilia lomwe limayendetsa m'mphepete mwa msewu ndi kumapeto kwa thupi limatha kukhala olumala ndipo silingathe kuchotsa ntchentche ndi zinthu zoipa. Izi zingachititse kutupa kosatha.
Muyenera kusiya kusuta ngati muli ndi matenda aakulu a sinusitis, ndipo izi zidzakuthandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sinusitis. Kusiya kusuta kungasinthe kapena kusintha pang'ono mwa mavuto enawa, ndi zotsatira zosiyana pakati pa anthu ndipo mwinamwake malingana ndi utali wa fodya.
Kutentha kwa utsi wosuta fodya kungakhale koopsa, (kapena zowonjezera), ndi ana omwe amakhala m'mabanja omwe munthu wina amasuta m'nyumba amakhala pangozi ya vuto la khutu, mphuno, ndi khosi .
Air dry
Mpweya wouma wamkati, monga mpweya wabwino kapena kutenthetsa mpweya, umatha kuika chiopsezo cha sinusitis. Kawirikawiri, mpweya wa m'mphuno m'masalimo umamangirira zowopsya ndipo amachotsedwa ndi tsitsi la cilia lomwe limalemba ndimezo. Mpweya wouma umaganiziridwa kuti umasokoneza njirayi ndikupangitsa kukhumudwa kwakukulu. Mungagwiritse ntchito chidziwitso kuti achepetse chiopsezo ichi. Komabe, muyenera kuyisunga bwino ngati kukula kwa nkhungu kungapangitse chifuwa.
Kuwonetsera ku Matenda Opuma
Kupewa chimfine ndi chimodzi mwa ziopsezo zazikulu za matenda a sinus, motero kuteteza kufalikira kwa chimfine kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu. Onetsetsani kuti nthawi zambiri mumasamba manja ndi sopo, makamaka musanadye.
Zotsatira:
> Hamilos DL. Matenda a Rhinosinusitis (Pambuyo pa Zowona). Zaposachedwa. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-rhinosinusitis-beyond-the-basics.
> Hamilos DL. Zochitika zachipatala, matenda opatsirana, ndi matenda a Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Zaposachedwa. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-manifestations-pathophysiology-and-diagnosis-of-chronic-rhinosinusitis.
> Reh DD, Higgins TS, Smith TL. Zotsatira za Utsi wa Fodya Pamtundu Wopanda Rhinosinusitis - Kuwongolera Zolemba. Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse Wotsutsana ndi Rhinology . 2012; 2 (5): 362-369. lembani: 10.1002 / alr.21054.
> Sinusitis. Sukulu ya American Academy of Otolaryngology-Mutu ndi Opaleshoni Yamakono. http://www.entnet.org/content/sinusitis.
> Sinusitis. The Nemours Foundation. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/sinusitis.html.