Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amatha kupwetekedwa mtima nthawi ndi nthawi, ngati nthawi zonse imachitika kawiri pa sabata kapena imachititsa zizindikiro zoopsa, mukhoza kukhala ndi matenda a reflux (GERD). GERD ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba mwawo musamatseke bwino.
Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu okhala ku United States akuti akukhudzidwa ndi GERD ndipo ingakhudze anthu a misinkhu yonse. Mwamwayi, anthu ambiri amatha kuthetsa zizindikiro zawo ndi kusintha kwa moyo ndi / kapena mankhwala.
Zizindikiro
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha GERD ndi kupweteka kwa mtima , kutentha kwakukulu komwe kuli pansi pa mfupa, nthawi zambiri kumatulukira kummero. Sikuti aliyense ali ndi GERD ali ndi kupweteka kwa mtima. Kubwezeretsa ndi mawonekedwe oopsa kwambiri m'mimba momwe asidi am'mimba amatha kumbuyo kwa mmero, ndipo amapanga kukoma kosavuta. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimakhala ndikutsutsana. Kupweteketsa ndi kubwezeretsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala koipitsitsa pokhapokha atadya chakudya ndipo amakula kwambiri pamene akugona pansi kapena akugwedezeka.
Zizindikiro zina za GER zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kosalekeza, kupweteka, chifuwa chachikulu, kupuma, kupuma koipa, kupweteka pachifuwa, ndi kumverera ngati pali pakhosi pako. Zizindikirozi zimakhala zachilendo kwambiri ngati simumapweteketsa mtima.
GERD ingayambitsenso mimba ya asidi kuti ikhale ndi mitsempha m'mimba mwanu kapena imayambitsa kuvulaza kwake komwe kungawonongeke.
Nthawi zina, GERD ingayambitse mavuto omwe angabweretse mavuto ena. Mavuto omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri a GERD ndi odwala a Barrett , odwala matenda otsekula m'mimba , komanso osakanikirana .
Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zazing'ono, GERD ikhoza kutsogolera zovuta zina monga mutu, khosi, ndi mpweya monga asthma, laryngitis, kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuzungulira khola lanu (maukosi), mazinyo a mano, ndi matenda akuluakulu a sinus.
Zimayambitsa
GERD imayambitsidwa ndi reflux ya chapamimba mkati mwake. Kawirikawiri, m'munsi mwa esophageal sphincter (LES), thupi la reflux limatetezedwa, lomwe limakhala pamtunda wa m'mimba ndi m'mimba. Nthaŵi zambiri, a LES amavomerezedwa kuti atseke kutsegula ndi kukhazikitsa choletsa pakati pa mimba ndi mimba. The LES amatha kubwezeretsa pamene mumeza kuti kulola chakudya kudutse mmimba. Zimayambanso kubwezeretsa pamene mumalola kuti mpweya uzithawa.
Nthawi zambiri za GERD, la LES transiently imabwereranso pamene siyeneranso, motero nthawi yaying'ono yomwe m'mimba muli mkati mwake. Sizomveka chifukwa chake anthu ambiri amayamba kumasuka nthawi zambiri, LES.
Nthawi zambiri, GERD ikhoza kutulutsidwa pamene LES imakhala yachilendo, ndikupangitsa reflux kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Zokakamiza zikhoza kuchepetsedwa-ndipo reflux imalimbikitsidwa-ndi kutsekedwa kwa m'mimba (chifuwa chonse), kusuta, mankhwala ambiri, kumwa mowa, caffeine, ndi mitundu yambiri ya chakudya, makamaka zakudya zamtengo wapatali ndi chokoleti.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingapangitse munthu kukhala ndi HIV zimaphatikizapo kukhala ndi vuto lachiberekero , kukhala wolemera kwambiri kapena wochuluka kwambiri, komanso kutenga mimba.
Kudziwa
Nthaŵi zambiri, GERD ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro za GERD nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri moti madokotala amatha kupeza chithandizo chodzidzimutsa chokha.
Kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika pokhapokha ngati mukulephera kuchitapo kanthu kapena ngati dokotala akudandaula kuti chimodzi mwa mavuto aakulu a GERD chikhoza kuchitika. Mayesero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza GERD angaphatikizepo kuposcopy , kuyang'anira pH maola 24, manometer ochepa kwambiri, ndi mazira Xam.
Chithandizo
Ngati muli ndi GERD, uthenga wabwino ndikuti mwina mutha kusintha zizindikiro zanu ngati mukutsatira kusintha kwa moyo wanu.
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kutaya thupi
- Kukwezera mutu wa bedi
- Pewani kuyambitsa zakudya
- Popewera kudya maola atatu kapena kuposeratu asanagone
- Kupewa zovala zoyenera
Kawirikawiri, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe, dokotala wanu amalangiza zoterezi ndipo mwina akuwuzani mankhwala ena oposa (OTC). Antacids samapewa GERD, koma amatha kutengedwa kuti athandize kuthetsa zizindikiro. Amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kawirikawiri amagwiritsa ntchito Gaviscon , Maalox , Mylanta , Rolaids , ndi Tums .
Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ovomerezeka, omwe ali amphamvu kuposa zomwe mungagule pa alumali. Njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi OTC, ndi:
- Zolemba zam'mbuyo-2 (H2 blockers): H2 blockers amathandiza kuchepetsa kutulutsa mimba ya asidi, kotero kuti m'mimba mwake zimayambitsa zizindikiro zochepa pokhapokha ngati zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Olemba H2 amayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa ora limodzi, kukhala otha msanga pakati pa maola atatu ndi atatu atatenga mlingo, ndipo mphamvu zawo zimapitirira mpaka maola 12, Zili zothandiza kwambiri pamene zimatengedwa nthawi zonse mpaka 2 mpaka 4- maphunziro a sabata. H2 blockers ndi Axid (nizatidine), Pepcid (famotidine), Tagamet ( cimetidine) , ndi Zantac (ranitidine).
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): PPI imagwira ntchito poletsa kupopera mpweya m'maselo apamimba omwe amachititsa mimba ya asidi. Ndiwo omwe amachititsa kuti zizindikiro zikhale zovuta kwambiri komanso zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri kusiyana ndi zizindikiro za H2. Komabe, zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri , kotero madokotala ambiri amayesa H2 blocker poyamba. Ma PPI amaphatikizapo Prevacid (pantoprazole), Nexium (esomeprazole) , ndi Prilosec (omeprazole) .
Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala a mankhwala, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni opaleshoni. Mtundu wowonjezereka ndiwo ndalama zothandizira ndalama, yomwe ndi pamene gawo lakumtunda mwako lirikulumikizana ndi LES kuti lililimbitse ndikuletsa reflux. Njira zosakanikirana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mikwingwirima yamaginito yotchedwa LINX chipangizo, angaganizirenso.
Kusamalira
Ngati mukusamalira munthu yemwe ali ndi GERD, kaya ndi mwana, kholo, kapena mnzanu, pali njira zomwe mungathandizire wokondedwa wanu kuthana ndi zizindikiro zake kunyumba. Mungathe kukambirana ndi kumuthandizira kupewa zakudya zomwe zingayambitse kupweteka kwa mpweya, kumulimbikitsa kuvala zovala zosayera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ngati pakufunikira, kumulimbikitsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kusunga mutu wake usiku.
Mawu Ochokera
GERD ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'mimba omwe amawoneka ofatsa, koma amachititsa mavuto aakulu ngati sakusamalidwa. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro za GERD, muyenera kumagwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi matenda oyenerera komanso kuti mupeze chithandizo cha mankhwala chomwe chingachotse vuto lanu lisanafike poipa. Mwamwayi, ndi kusintha kwabwino kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala omwe alipo lero, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi HIV angathe kuchiritsidwa bwino chisanafike vuto losautsa.
> Zotsatira:
> Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, American Gastroenterological Association Institute, Clinical Practice ndi Quality Management Committee. Bungwe la American Gastroenterological Association Institute Technical Review pa Utsogoleri wa Matenda a Reflux a Gastroesophageal. Gastroenterology . October 2008; 135 (4): 1392-1413,1413.e1-5. lembani: 10.1053 / j.gastro.2008.08.044.
Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kuwongolera Matenda a Reflux a Gastroesophageal. The American Journal of Gastroenterology . March 2013; 108 (3): 308-29. do: 10.1038 / ajg.2012.444.
> Mikami DJ, Murayama KM. Matenda a Physiology ndi Pathogenesis a Matenda a Reflux a Gastroesophageal. Maofesi Opaleshoni a North America . June 2015; 95 (3): 515-25. lembani: 10.1016 / j.suc.2015.02.006.
> Ness-Jensen E, Lindam A, Lagergren J, Hveem K. Kuperewera kwa Thupi la Kuperewera kwa Thupi la Matenda a M'thupi la Gastroesophageal Reflux. Phunziro la Otsogolera la Anthu Odziwika Ndilo: Phunziro la HUNT. The American Journal of Gastroenterology . March 2013; 108 (3): 376-82. do: 10.1038 / ajg.2012.466.