Kodi kutha msinkhu ndikutani?
Mawu akuti kutha msinkhu amachokera ku liwu lachilatini "puber" lomwe limatanthauza wamkulu.
Kutha msinkhu ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zaka zomwe thupi la mtsikana limasintha kupita ku thupi lachikulire. Zosintha zambiri zimachitika m'thupi. Kusintha uku kumachititsa chitukuko cha kugonana, mawonekedwe osiyana thupi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa msinkhu.
Komanso, ino ndiyo nthawi yomwe msungwana akuyamba kukula m'maganizo.
Thupi lake limasintha momwe limawonekera koma limasintha momwe limagwirira ntchito. Paunyamata ndi pamene msungwana akuyamba kusamba .
Kutha msinkhu kumayamba pamene gawo la ubongo wa msungwana limatchedwa hypothalamus limayamba kupanga hormone yotchedwa GnRH (gonadotropin-release hormone). Pomwe hypothalamus imayamba kumasula hormoneyi mu njira inayake yotchedwa "pulsatile pattern" imayambitsa chiwalo china m'munsi mwa ubongo wotchedwa anterior pituitary gland kuti apange zinthu ziwiri zofunika zotchedwa FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) ndi LH (luteinizing hormone) ). Zinthu zimenezi zimatchedwa gonadotropins ndiye zimathandiza kuti mazira amamasulire estrogen ndi progesterone.
Mchitidwe wa kutha msinkhu uli ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Kwa atsikana, kusintha kumeneku kumayambira pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu ndi khumi ndi zinayi. Miyeso ya kutha msinkhu ikufotokoza kusintha komwe kumachitika kwa thupi la mtsikana.
Masitepe a Utha msinkhu wa Atsikana
Thelarche - Pa nthawiyi, mawere a msana ayamba kupanga. Izi zimayamba ndi kusintha kochepa kotchedwa breast bud. Mawere amayamba kupanga zaka zoposa 11 ngakhale kuti kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti ndondomekoyi ikuyamba kale. Atsikana angayambe kukula msanga pafupi ndi zaka 9. Nthawi zina bere limodzi limayamba kukula.
Kawirikawiri mkati mwa miyezi yochepa, ina imayambanso. Izi zingakhale zachilendo.
Pubarche - Ichi ndi mawonekedwe oyambirira a tsitsi la pubic lomwe liri bwino kwambiri. Izi zimachitika nthawi imodzimodzimodzi ngati mawere koma zingakhalepo pang'ono.
Adrenarche - Panthawi imeneyi, tsitsi la pubic limawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ndalama komanso kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake kuchokera ku zabwino. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yomwe tsitsi lasuzi limakula ndipo fungo limayamba. Panthawiyi ndi pamene atsikana ayamba kupanga ziphuphu ndi maganizo. Izi zimachitika m'zaka za pakati pa mbuzi yoyamba ndi nthawi yoyamba.
Kuthamanga - Awa ndiwo mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera kufika kwa msungwana woyamba. Amsinkhu wa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, koma pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kapena patapita nthawi angakhale abwinobwino.
Paunyamata ndipamene mtsikana ayamba kukhala wamtali. Choncho patangotha maonekedwe a chifuwa msinkhu wa msungwana udzayamba kuwonjezeka pafulumira kwambiri kusiyana ndi pamene anali wamng'ono. Panthawi inayake pa msinkhu, msungwana amakula msanga msinkhu wake, kawirikawiri amatchedwa "kukula msinkhu." Izi zimachitika patangotha miyezi ingapo kuti msungwana ayambe.
Msungwana akayamba kusintha kumeneku ndi nthawi yayitali yotani yomwe imatenga mtsikana ndi mtsikana.
Kawirikawiri kuchokera ku maonekedwe a m'mawere mpaka nthawi yoyamba imatenga zaka 2½ mpaka 3. Koma ndizokwanira ngati zimatenga nthawi yocheperapo kapena nthawi yochuluka kukwaniritsa kusinthaku.
Ukalamba ndi mbali ya kukula ndi chitukuko. Ngati kutha msinkhu sikuchitika kapena kuchitika mofulumira kwambiri, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro kuti chinachake chikhoza kukhala cholakwika ndipo amafunika kuchipatala. Zotsatirazi zikhoza kusonyeza vuto ndipo ziyenera kukambidwa ndi dokotala:
Ngati masamba a m'mawere kapena tsitsi lachibindi amayamba kukula asanafike zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Ngati palibe kukula kwa m'mawere ali ndi zaka 14.
Ngati kusamba sikunayambe mtsikana ali ndi zaka 16 yemwe wakhala akukula bwino m'mawere ndi ubweya wa pubic.