Nkhungu, yomwe imadziwikanso ndi bowa, ndi banja la zamoyo zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe chonse. Mosiyana ndi zomera, nkhungu imafuna chakudya ndi madzi kuti zikhale bwino. Gwero la chakudya nthawi zambiri limakhala ngati makapu, monga matabwa kapena mapulogalamu.
Nkhungu imakula mumagulu otchedwa mycelium ndipo imabereka kudzera popanga spores. Nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa mpweya, ndipo ngati mungu ukhoza kuyambitsa matenda oopsa .
Mitundu Yamtundu Wotani Imatha Kukhala Mvula Chifukwa?
Nkhungu imakhala ndi mabungwe odziwika bwino ndi matenda a anthu. Anthu akhoza kuyamba matenda opatsirana a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka omwe alibe mphamvu zowonongeka. Bowa amadziwikanso kuti amapanga poizoni, omwe amachititsa kuti azidwala matenda osiyanasiyana.
Nkhope zimatha kuchititsanso kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke chifukwa chokhala ndi chironda (kukhala mkati, koma osayambitsa matenda enieni) m'mapapo (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) ndi macimo. Madzi amadziwikanso kuti amachititsa matenda osiyanasiyana, monga matenda a rhinitis ndi aergic asthma .
Kodi Mitundu Yomwe Imadziwika Kuti Imayambitsa Nthendayi?
Pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya nkhungu, komabe, ochepa okhawa alipo pakali pano kuti ayesedwe . Zotsatirazi ndizimene zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza malingana ndi mitundu ya nkhumba za nkhungu zomwe zimagwidwa mlengalenga:
- Alternaria. Chikwama cha kunja; Zovuta ku nkhunguzi zingagwirizane ndi mphumu yovuta .
- Cladosporium. Chimake chodziwika bwino chochokera kunja.
- Aspergillus. Chiwombankhanga cha mkati ndi kunja; Amagwirizananso ndi matenda oopsa a bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.
- Penicillium. Chiwombankhanga chodziwika; matenda omwe sagwirizanitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Helminthosporum. Zowonjezereka zimapezeka m'madera otentha.
- Epicoccum. Amapezeka m'madera akumidzi ndi ulimi.
- Fusarium. Amapezeka popanga zomera.
- Aureobasidium. Maluwa omwe amapezeka kunja, omwe amapezeka pamapepala, pamatabwa ndi pazithunzi.
- Phoma. Chikuta chakunja, chofala makamaka nthawi yamvula.
- Smuts. Amapezeka mochuluka m'madera a ulimi.
- Rhizopus ndi Mucor. Kawirikawiri amapezeka pa kuola masamba ndi malo otupa amkati. Mitundu ya nkhunguyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri.
- Yeast. Kawirikawiri amapezeka mlengalenga nthawi yamvula m'madera akulima. Matenda a Allergic kwa Candida albicans amatsutsana, ngakhale kuti anthu ena ali ndi vuto loyesa matendawa kwa mtundu uwu wa nkhungu.
Kodi Zaka Zaka Zakale Kodi Nkhungu Zimayamba Kutuluka?
M'madera ozizira, nkhungu zimatha kupezeka kunja kwa nyengo yozizizira kuyambira kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira mpaka kumapeto kwa miyezi yoyambirira (July mpaka October). M'nyengo yotentha, nkhumba za nkhungu zikhoza kupezeka chaka chonse, ndi miyezo yapamwamba yomwe imapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka miyezi yoyambirira ya kugwa.
Ngakhale zinyumba zapakhomo zimatha kuchitika chaka chonse ndipo zimadalira zinyontho m'nyumba, zinyumba zamkati zimakhala zazikulu pamene mawonekedwe a nkhungu akunja ali apamwamba. Choncho, malo omwe amapezeka m'nyumba amachokera kumalo akunja, ngakhale amatha kuchoka ku chinyumba cha m'nyumba.
Kodi Ndondomeko Ziti Zingagwiritsidwe Ntchito Kuthetsa Mbewu Zambiri Zam'madzi?
- Pewani nkhungu zakunja kuti musalowe m'nyumba mwa kusunga zitseko ndi mawindo otsekedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino wokhala ndi zowonetsera mpweya wodutsa.
- Kuletsa chinyezi chamkati pogwiritsira ntchito osokoneza
- Konzani madzi akutha mumadzimo, khitchini, ndi zipinda zapansi
- Onetsetsani kuti mpweya wabwino wa malo ouma
- Malo oyera (kapena m'malo) malo owonongeka ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi mankhwala a chlorine bleach (gawo limodzi la buluu la magawo 9 m'madzi), pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera kutetezera (mask ndi goggles)
- Gwiritsani ntchito mafayilo a HEPA pazithunzi kapena ngati tsamba loyang'ana payekha
- Lembani zipinda zapakhomo, ndipo onetsetsani kuti omwe alipo alipo alibe nkhungu pamasamba ndi potunga nthaka
> Zotsatira:
> Chitsamba Chokwera RK, JW Portnoy. Udindo ndi Kutaya kwa Fungal Allergens Mu Matenda Opatsirana. J Zachilombo Zamtundu wa Immunol. 2001; 107: S430-40.
> Eggleston PA, Bush Bush Kupewa Kwambiri Kwachilengedwe: Mwachidule. J Zachilombo Zamtundu wa Immunol. 2001; 107: S403-5.