Kodi chifuwa cha fodya kapena chifuwa cha mtundu wina?
Chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa cha fodya ndi chinthu chomwe ambirife timadziwa, kaya ndi anthu omwe amasuta kapena kumva ndi omwe sali. Nchiyani chimayambitsa chifuwa ichi, ndipo chimachiritsidwa motani? Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, mungadziwe bwanji kuti chifuwa chanu ndi "chokha" chokhudzana ndi kusuta osati chifukwa cha chinachake choopsa, monga khansara yamapapo ?
Kodi Chilakolako cha Kusuta N'chiyani?
Chifuwa cha fodya ndi chifuwa chosasunthika chomwe chimayamba kwa anthu omwe amasuta fodya nthawi yaitali- "kupitiriza" kutanthauza kuti ilipo kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Poyamba, zikhoza kukhala zouma (omwe amasuta fodya omwe sakhala akusuta kwa nthawi yayitali), koma pakapita nthawi nthawi zambiri zimapanga mapulogalamu. Mphungu kapena msuti amatha kukhala omveka, oyera, achikasu, kapena obiriwira kapena ofiirira. Chifuwa chokhudzana ndi kusuta chimakhala choipa kwambiri pakudzuka ndi bwino pa tsiku lotsatira. Inde, pali zosiyana zambiri, ndipo simukufuna kuchotsa chifuwa cha m'mawa.
Zimayambitsa Chisokonezo cha Kusuta Fodya
Mphepete mwa ndegeyi ili ndi cilia: maselo ang'onoang'ono ngati maselo omwe amapezera poizoni mu mpweya wotenthedwa ndi kuwanyamulira mmwamba pakamwa. Kusuta kumalepheretsa maselowa kotero kuti sangathe kugwira ntchito yawo. (Pali mankhwala ambiri osuta fodya amene amachita izi monga formaldehyde). M'malo mokwatulidwa, poizoni amaloledwa kulowa m'mapapo, kumene amatha kukhazikitsa ndi kutupa.
Izi zimayambitsa kukakamira pamene thupi likuyesera kuchotsa zinthu izi m'mapapu anu. Usiku, ma cilia amayamba kudzikonza okha pamene sakuwonekeranso ndi poizoni mu utsi. Pamene cilia ikuitanidwa kuti igwire ndikuchotsa poizoni, zotsatira zake ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chifuwa pofika mmawa.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti njira imodzi yomwe kusuta kungathere ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi kuperewera kwa cilia. Popeza kuti poizoni ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu utsi wa ndudu amasiyidwa m'malo (chifukwa odwala ziwalo za cilia samawachotsa m'mapapo) amakhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yowonongera mitsempha yamapapo, kuphatikizapo DNA yomwe ingayambitse khansa ya m'mapapo.
Kodi Chiwombankhanga Chotani Chimafanana Ndi Anthu Amene Amasuta?
Palibenso zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chifuwa cha fodya. Pa kafukufuku wina wa achinyamata omwe anaphunzira usilikali, 40 peresenti anali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi mankhwala opopera (poyerekeza ndi 12 peresenti mwa osasamala). Popeza chifuwa cha fodya chimakhala chofala kwa anthu omwe amasuta fodya kwa nthawi yayitali, chiwerengero chenichenicho chiri chokwanira kuposa ichi.
Kusiyanitsa Chotupa cha Kusuta
Mwamwayi, yankho ndiloti simungathe kusiyanitsa chifuwa cha fodya ku chifuwa cha khansa ya m'mapapo . Nthawi zina chizindikiro chokha chimene mungakhale ndi khansa ya m'mapapo (kapena matenda aakulu a mapapu monga COPD ) ndi chifuwa chosasunthika-chifuwa. Ngati muli ndi chifuwa chosasuta, ndikofunika kuti muwone dokotala ngati akusintha mwanjira iliyonse: ngati zimakhala zovuta kapena zowawa, mwachitsanzo, kapena zimakhala zosiyana ndi inu.
Zizindikiro zina zikhoza kutanthauza kuti chifuwa chanu chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha matenda ena omwe ayenera kuyesedwa.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikilo Zomwe Zimalimbikitsa Chikhumbo Chanu Zingakhale Zofunika Kwambiri
Nthawi zina chifuwa ndicho chizindikiro chokha chimene munthu ali ndi khansara yamapapo, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zizindikiro zomwe zimabweretsa nkhawa. Zina zowonjezera "zizindikiro" zomwe chifuwa chanu chingakhale chachikulu ndizo:
- Kuwombera magazi : Ngati mukutsokomola magazi-ngakhale pangongole kamodzi kokha-ndikofunika kupanga nthawi yoti muwone dokotala wanu. Kuwaza magazi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha kansa ya m'mapapo kwa anthu 7 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa. Kuwonjezera apo, kutsokomola magazi kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Kuwaza mochepa ngati supuni ya tiyi kapena timagazi ta magazi kumatengedwa kuti ndizodziwika kuti ndizodziwikiratu.
- Kuwopsya : Ngati muli ndi mawu ojambulira omwe amatha masiku angapo, kapena osatsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zina zozizira, funsani dokotala wanu. Kusokonezeka kwa anthu omwe amasuta akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zikhalidwe zambiri, osati mavuto a mapapu okha.
- Kupweteketsa : Ngati chifuwa chanu chikuphatikiza ndi kupuma, chikhoza kupatsa mphumu; koma mawu wamba pa mankhwala ndi akuti "sizomwe zimayambitsa mphumu." Mukawona chiwombankhanga chatsopano, chitsimikizireni.
- Kupuma pang'ono : Kodi zikuwoneka zovuta kuti mupeze mpweya wanu? Kodi n'kovuta kukwera masitepe? Pangani chibwenzi ndi dokotala mukakumana ndi vuto lililonse. Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti chizindikiro chawo choyamba cha kansa ya m'mapapo ndikumverera kosavuta kumvetsa kovuta kupuma mpweya wawo ndi ntchito.
- Kulemera kosayembekezereka : Anthu ambiri amasangalala ngati ataya mapaundi angapo, koma ngati simukuyesera, zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha chinachake chovuta, choncho chifufuzeni.
- Kupweteka ndi kupuma : Ululu ndi kupuma, womwe umatchedwanso pleurisy kapena pleuritic pachifuwa chakupweteka, nthawi zambiri umasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera mapapu anu (pleura) kungakhudzidwe. Popeza kusuta ndekha sikuwononga ma membrane, kuyendera dokotala ndikoyenera.
- Kupweteka m'mapapu anu, mapewa anu, kapena nsana wanu: Zidabwitsa zachizindikiro monga ululu wa ululu, kupweteka kumbuyo, kupweteka m'mapulusa , kapena kupweteka pakati pa mapewa kukhala chizindikiro chokha (kuphatikizapo chifuwa) pamene wina amakula khansa yamapapo.
Zotsatira za Umoyo
Timakonda kuganizira za zotsatira za zizindikiro zamankhwala, koma chifuwa chachikulu chimakhala ndi zovuta komanso zovuta kwambiri. Tangoganizani kupita kumaseŵero, kapena kukondwerera piano wa zidzukulu, kapena ngakhale phwando. Kuwonjezera pa ena okwiyitsa ena amene akuyesera kuti azisangalala, chifuwa chanu-ngati chimatha kuposa m'maŵa-chingasokoneze zinthu zomwe mumakonda. N'zoona kuti nthawi yosangalala siyi yokhayo yokha: Ngati simukugwira nokha, ogwira nawo ntchito angakhudzidwe kwambiri ngati, ngati mulibe chifuwa chachikulu, kuposa momwe mukufunira. Ngati mwakhalapo ndi chifuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, mumatha kumva phokoso ndi kusokonezeka. Zomwezo sizingakhale zoona kwa bwana wanu ndi anzanu.
Kuchiza kwa Chisamba cha Smoker
Inde, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha chifuwa cha fodya ndiko kusiya kusuta kwathunthu. Pamene chifuwa chanu chingaipire patangotha masabata angapo mutasiya, nthawi zambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kukokera kumagwira ntchito: ndipangidwe kutsuka mpweya wochotsa mlengalenga pochotsa zipangizo zakunja zomwe zimapuma. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta za utsi wa fodya ndi fodya, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingapangidwe ku zizindikiro zanu. Kaya nkhungu imachokera pansi pamtunda, kuchoka ku chitofu cha nkhuni kapena malo ozimitsira moto, kapena kufotokozera mankhwala kuntchito, fufuzani kuti muwone ngati pali zowopsya zomwe zili m'dera lanu muyenera kuyesetsa kuti musamayende bwino. Popeza kukhwima kumagwira ntchito, kupondereza chifuwa cha reflex sikoyenera nthawi zonse. Lankhulani ndi dokotala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse kapena mankhwala okhudzidwa.
Zotsatira zomwe zingakuthandizeni chifuwa chanu ndizo:
- Kukhala bwino-hydrated. Kumwa 8-8 oz. magalasi amadzi patsiku amathandiza kuchepetsa mpweya wambiri m'mphepete mwa kupuma.
- Kuwombera ndi madzi amchere.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito madontho a chifuwa kapena lozenges omwe amachepetsa khosi.
- Uchi. Mu phunziro limodzi, supuni ya supuni ya uchi inapezeka kuti ikugwira bwino kwambiri kuposa njira zambiri zowonongeka pofuna kuchepetsa zizindikiro za chifuwa. Mukhoza kusangalala ndi uchi wokha, kapena kuwonjezera pa kapu ya tiyi yofunda. Koma bwino, kapu ya tiyi yobiriwira. Kafukufuku wochuluka apeza tiyi wobiriwira kuti agwirizane ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Madzi otentha ndi masamba a timbewu kapena timapepala, kenaka tiwombere mpweya. Pochita izi, anthu ena amaika chopukutira pa mphika wa madzi kuti athandizidwe kuti apange mpweya. Samalani kuti musapewe kuyaka mwa kukhalabe mtunda wapatali kuchokera ku nthunzi, ndipo nthawi zonse pangani mphika pamtunda pamwamba pa ana.
- Kukwezera mutu wanu pamene mukugona. Mukagona pansi, ntchentche ikhoza kusambira pakhosi, ndipo chifuwa chanu chimakula kwambiri mukadzuka.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchotsa phlegm, kuphatikizapo phindu lina.
- Kudya zakudya zabwino. Ngakhale kuti sizinatsimikizidwe, ena ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti zakudya zam'mimba ndi masamba obiriwira, monga broccoli ndi caulifulawa, zimathandiza thupi kuti lisatengere mankhwala ena opuma kudzera mu utsi wa fodya. Onetsetsani izi zapamwamba zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo .
Zovuta za Chotupa cha Kusuta Fodya
Ndithudi, pali zovuta zambiri za kusuta, koma pali zovuta zingapo zokhudzana ndi chifuwa. Kuwaza kungayambitse kupweteka kwa mitsempha mu chifuwa komanso kumabweretsa nthiti zosweka . Kwa amayi, kupweteka kwa m'mimba chifukwa chokakamira kungabweretse nkhawa . Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chifuwa cha fodya chingasokoneze moyo wanu, ndipo mukutero, mumakhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Chifukwa Chakudya cha Smoker Chikuwonjezeka Pambuyo Pokusiya
Kuwopsya kumayamba kuchepa mkati mwa miyezi itatu ndikusiya kusuta. Anthu ena amanjenjemera kuti atangotsala pang'ono kusiya, chifuwa chawo chikuwonjezeka-chinachake chimatchedwa "kusuta fodya chifuwa." Izi ndi zachilendo komanso chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cilia komwe panopa kukonzedwa ndikugwira ntchito yochotsa zakunja kummero, ndi ndege. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kukhwima kotereku ndi kanthawi kochepa, ndipo ngakhale kungakhale kwa miyezi ingapo, kusiya kumathandiza kwambiri chifuwa chanu. Ngati mukufuna kugunda mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi mutasiya, ganizirani kuwonjezera pulogalamu yanu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuphatikizapo kuthandizira kuchotsa chifuwa chanu mofulumira, zingathandizenso ndi zilakolako ndi maganizo omwe akutsutsana ndi kusiya.
Mawu Ochokera
Monga chikumbutso chomaliza: Ngati muli ndi chifuwa chimene chimapitirizabe-ngakhale mutakhulupirira kuti ndikulankhula kwa chifuwa kwa dokotala wanu. Chifuwa chosatha ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo , ndipo khansa ya m'mapapo, yoyamba imagwidwa, mwayi waukulu ndi wochiritsidwa. Kafukufuku wa 2016 anapeza kuti anthu omwe amasuta sangawonongeke kusiyana ndi osasuta kuti apeze mankhwala a "zizindikiro" za khansa yamapapo-zizindikiro monga chifuwa kapena mantha. Musati dikirani.
Kwa anthu ena, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 55 ndi 74 omwe ali ndi zaka 30 zapakati pa kusuta fodya, kuyerekezera kwa khansa ya mapapo kungakhale chinthu chomwe mukufuna kuchiganizira. Phunzirani zambiri za kufufuza kansa ya m'mapapo .
Zotsatira:
Broekema, M., ten Hacken, N., Volbeda, F. et al. Kusinthasintha kwa Mlengalenga Kumasinthasintha Kwa Osuta Koma Osakhala Omwe Osuta Fodya. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2009. 180 (12): 1170-8.
Friedemann, S., Whitaker, K., Winstanley, K., ndi J. Wardle. Osuta fodya ndi ocheperapo kusiyana ndi osakhala fodya kufunafuna thandizo la chizindikiro cha khansa ya m'mapapo 'alarm'. Nthano. 2016 Feb 24. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).
Hamari, A. et al. Kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwa chifuwa chachikulu ndi kuphulika kwachithunzi ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito masewera a achinyamata osuta. Annals of Medicine. 2010. 42 (7): 512-20.
Liu, Y., Pleasants, R., Croft, J. et al. Kusuta fodya, zizindikiro za kupuma, ndi COPD kwa okalamba omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 45 ndi mbiri yosuta. Magazini Yachilendo Yopanda Kulepheretsa Matenda Opatsirana. 2015. 10: 1409-16.
Sitkauskiene, B., ndi P. Dicpinigaitis. Zotsatira za kusuta fodya pa chifuwa chisamaliro cha anthu. Mphungu. 2010. 188 Suppl 1: S29-32.
Yamane, T. et al. Chifuwa chopindulitsa ndicho chowopsa chodziimira payekha kuti "chitukuko cha COPD omwe kale anali osuta fodya." Respirology 2010. 15 (2): 313-8.