Njira yothandizira magazi ndi yofunikira kwambiri pamoyo. Pamene chotengera cha magazi chimaonongeka ndi kuvulala, njira yowonongeka yowonetsetsa kuti magazi amatha kuchepa. Komanso, magazi omwe amapanga pa tsamba lovulaza amapereka gawo loyamba la thupi lochiritsa machiritso.
Komabe, ngati magazi amawombera pamene sakuyenera, vuto lalikulu lingayambitse chifukwa chovalacho chikhoza kuwononga kwambiri chiwalo chimene chinaperekedwa (kapena chatsanulidwa) ndi chotengera choletsedwa.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyezetsa magazi - zotheka ndi ma labbu ndi kuyesera-ndikofunikira.
Nthawi Yowunika Kuphimba Magazi
Kawirikawiri ndi kofunika kudziwa kuti kukhalapo ndi malo a thrombus kapena embolus, mitundu iwiri yamagazi a magazi, chifukwa mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mphamvu zowonongeka. Kupanga matenda oyenerera ndikofunika kwambiri pakuyambitsa mankhwala othandiza kwambiri.
Matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa cha thrombus kapena embolus ndi awa:
- Kukwapulika , komwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumayambitsidwa ndi kupweteka kwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka ubongo, kapena chimbudzi chomwe chimapita ku ubongo (nthawi zambiri kuchokera mu mtima).
- Kuwopsa kwa mtima , komwe kumakhala nthawi zonse chifukwa cha mapepala a atherosclerotic , omwe amachititsa kuti thrombus ipangidwe mu mitsempha yamakono.
- Pansi pa mitsempha ya thrombosis (DVT) , chophimba chomwe chimapanga mu mitsempha yaikulu ya mwendo, ntchafu kapena pelvis.
- Kuphatikizana , kupuma kwa magazi komwe kumapita kumapapo, kawirikawiri kuchokera ku mitsempha yambiri ya thrombosis.
- Zochitika zina, kuphatikizapo thrombosis ya mitsempha yaikulu yomwe imatulutsa chiwindi (portal vein thrombosis), kupwetekedwa kwa mitsempha yomwe imatulutsa impso (renal vein thrombosis), komanso kuyimitsa nsalu kumanja kapena mwendo.
Ndi zina mwazifukwazi, musanayambe kulandira chithandizo choyenera ndiwonetsere mopanda kukayikira kuti magazi amachititsa vutoli.
Mayesero a Lab
Mayesero a ma labotolo owona kuti magazi amatha kuwonetsa akhoza kuyesa ntchito zopanda ntchito ndikupatseni ndondomeko zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa thupi lanu.
Mayeso a Magazi a D-Dimer
Kuyeza magazi kwa D-dimer kumayang'ana ngati pakakhala posachedwa ntchito yowonongeka kwinakwake m'magazi. Mayesowa ndi othandiza kwambiri pakuthandizira madokotala kuti azikayikira kuti mwina DVT kapena pulmonary embolus yachitika.
Zojambula za Cardiac
Zida zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze matenda a mtima. Mayesero a magazi awa samadziwatuza kwambiri magazi; M'malo mwake, amadziŵa ngati pali kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima-yomwe nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi pulasitiki yamagetsi, pamodzi ndi mapangidwe a thrombosis.
Mayesero Ojambula
Dokotala wanu adzayesa zojambula zojambula zomwe amawona kuti n'zofunikira kuti adziwe bwinobwino. Funsani dokotala zomwe mayesero angawonetse, ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukubweretsa nkhaŵa zirizonse zomwe muli nazo zokhudzana ndi ndondomekoyi.
Kuponderezedwa Ultrasound
Kuyesedwa kwa ultrasound ndiyeso losavomerezeka limene lingakhoze kuchitidwa pambali pa bedi lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala lothandiza pozindikira DVT.
V / Q Scan
Pulojekiti yowonjezeramo mpweya (V / Q scan) ndi mayeso pogwiritsa ntchito dothi lopaka mavitamini kuti liwonetse magazi kupita m'mapapu, kuti aone ngati chotengera cha magazi chimatsekedwa ndi pulmonary embolus.
CT Scan
CT scan ndi njira ya x-ray yomwe ingasonyeze zambirimbiri za anatomu. Kansalu ya CT imathandizira makamaka kutsimikizira kuti kupwetekedwa kwapangidwa ndi khungu kapena thrombus, ndipo kawirikawiri ndiyeso yoyamba yogwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kuti munthu akudwala sitiroko. CT scan ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri potsimikizira kugwirizana kwa pulmonary.
MRI Scan
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi CT, MRI imawunikira kuti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti ipeze zitsulo m'mitsempha ya mitsempha. Mayeserowa ndi ovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito CT, choncho nthawi ikakhala yofunika kwambiri CT zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Angiography kapena Venography
Izi ndi njira zothandizira katsulo komwe dzira imalowetsedwa mu mitsuko yamagazi yomwe imaganiziridwa ndi clot ndipo x-rays amatengedwa kuti azindikire chophimba.
Chidziwitso cha angiography chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti azindikire kugwiritsidwa kwa pulmonary embolus; venography kuti adziwe DVT. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa CT ndi MRI akuyesa, mayesero ovutawa amafunika kuti azindikire mobwerezabwereza kuposa momwe analili kale kuti azindikire thrombus kapena embolus.
Zojambulajambula
Echocardiograms nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zikopa zomwe zimakhudza mitsempha-makamaka pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteka. Kuti alowe mu mitsempha, pafupifupi nthawi zonse chikumbumtima chimayambira mumtima kapena kuyenda pamtima.
Chombo cha echocardiogram chitha kuzindikira tinthu tomwe timapanga m'mtima (makamaka kumbali ya kumanzere kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a atrial , kapena kumapeto kwa ventricle munthu amene ali ndi mtima wokhudzidwa kwambiri ). Echocardiogram ingathenso kuzindikira mavuto a mtima omwe angalole kuti chimbudzi chilowe pamtima, monga patent foramen ovale .
> Zotsatira:
> Masamba JM, Davis J, Girson L, et al. Transthoracic Echocardiography Kwa Kuzindikira Kujambula Kwambiri Pulogalamu Yamakono: Kukonzekera Mwadongosolo ndi Meta-Analysis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2017; 30: 714. lembani: 10.1016 / j.echo.2017.03.004.
> Gibson NS, Schellong SM, Kheir DY, et al. Chitetezo ndi Kukhazikika Kwa Njira Zachiwiri Zomwe Zimapangidwira Odwala Pachilombo Chodetsedwa Kwambiri Phulusa: Cholinga Chofuna Kuphunzira. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 2035. lembani: 10.1016 / j.echo.2017.03.004.
> Stein PD, Yaekoub AY, Matta F, et al. Chisankho cha Embolism Embolism Pa Ct Pulmonary Angiography. Ajr Am J Roentgenol 2010; 194: 1263. lembani: 10.2214 / AJR.09.3410.
> Weitz JI, Fredenburgh JC, Eikelboom JW. Mayesero Mwachiganizo: D-Dimer. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70: 2411. lembani: 10.2214 / AJR.09.3410.