Kupanikizika kwa ultrasound ndi mayeso osadziwika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire kwambiri zakuya za thrombosis (DVT) , vuto limene magazi amapanga m'mitsempha ya mwendo. Kuponderezedwa kwa ultrasound kumakhala ndi ubwino wina pa mayesero ena a matenda a DVT - zingatheke mosavuta m'mabungwe ambiri, zimapereka zotsatira zolondola, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Kufunika kwa DVT
Kutupa kwa mitsempha ya mimba kumayambitsa chitetezo cha mitsempha, kuteteza magazi kubwerera mosavuta pamtima. Chotsatira chake, DVT nthawi zambiri imapanga kusamba magazi m'mlendo, kubweretsa kupweteka, kufiira ndi kutupa. Zizindikirozi zingakhale zowopsa ngati DVT sichikuchiritsidwa mokwanira.
Chofunika kwambiri, magazi a mitsempha ammimba amatha kumasuka ndikupita kumapapo, motero kumayambitsa mapangidwe a pulmonary. Chimake chokhala ndi mapiritsi - chomwe chimaoneka kuti chikuchitika pakati pa 10% ndi 50% a anthu omwe ali ndi DVT - ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingathe kutulutsa dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono), kusakhazikika kwa mtima, ndi imfa.
Pachifukwachi, ngati DVT akuganiza kuti ndikofunika kupanga chitsimikizo mofulumira. Mankhwala oyambirira ndi mankhwala a antiticoagulant ndi ofunikira kwambiri popewera kupuma kwa pulmonary, kapena (ngati wina wachitika kale) popeweratu mapulaneti ena.
Kuponderezedwa Ultrasound
M'mbuyomu, kudziŵa bwinobwino DVT kumafunika kuyambitsa chiwonongeko. Ndi utoto wofiira, utoto umayikidwa mu mitsempha ya mwendo, ndipo zithunzi za X-ray zimapangidwa ndi utoto umene ukuyenda pakati pa mitsempha kumbuyo kwa mtima. Zolepheretsa zazikulu ku mitsempha ya m'mapazi zikhoza kuwonetsedwa. Mayeso ovutawa angakhale owawa, nthawi yowonjezera, ndipo amapezetsa zoopsa zina, monga chiopsezo cha matenda.
M'mabungwe ena, mayeso osagonjetsedwa omwe amatchedwa impedance plethysmography amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira DVT. Pamene mayesowa ndi odalirika, zipatala zambiri zilibe zipangizo kapena luso lomwe likupezeka mosavuta kuti lipange bwinobwino.
Zaka zaposachedwapa, njira yowonjezera ya ultrasound yatsimikiziridwa ngati njira yofulumira, yotetezeka, yopanda ululu, yodalirika komanso yodalirika yopezera DVT. M'mabungwe ambiri omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo komanso matenda osokoneza bongo monga chithandizo chodziwitsa DVT.
Kuponderezedwa kwa ultrasound ndi kusiyana kwa njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ya ultrasound (yomwe imadziwikiranso ngati "echo" test). m'maganizo amodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku minofu pogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku yemwe amaikidwa pa khungu, ndipo chithunzi cha minofu yomwe ili pansi pa probayo imamangidwa ndi mafunde obwerera. Chifukwa zipangizo za compress ultrasound zimapezeka mosavuta muzipatala zamakono zonse, ndipo chifukwa njira yopangira izo ndi yophweka kuphunzira, kupanikizika kwa ultrasound kwakhala njira yopita ku mabungwe ambiri kuti apeze DVT.
Kuti apangidwe ndi ultrasound, pulojekiti ya ultrasound imayikidwa pa mthunzi wokayikitsa kuti apange chithunzi cha ultrasound cha mitsempha. Wogwira ntchitoyo amayesa kupondereza mitsempha mwa kuikankhira ndi proba ya ultrasound.
Mitsempha imakhala yowonongeka kwambiri; ndiko kuti, mitsempha ikhoza kugwa pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa iwo. Ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuwonetsa kupweteka kwa mitsempha ndi ultrasound.
Koma ngati DVT ilipo, kukhalapo kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kupanikiza mitsempha. Pamene mitsempha sichimveka bwino, ndicho chizindikiro chodalirika kuti DVT ilipo. Njira yowonjezereka imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyesa kuganiza kuti chophimbacho, komanso kuyesa kutuluka kwa magazi kudzera mthunzi kuti awone ngati chiwonongeko chikuwonekera. Komabe, kusadzikweza kwa mitsempha ndi gawo lothandizira kwambiri pophunzira DVT.
Mu phunziro lachidziwitso kuti muyang'ane DVT, kukhutitsidwa kwa mitsempha kumayesedwa m'madera awiri - mitsempha yam'mimba (mmphepete mwa nyanja) ndi mitsempha yam'mimba (kumbuyo kwa bondo). Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti, pogwiritsira ntchito njirayi yachinthu chachiwiri, DVT imatha kupezeka bwino kuposa 90%.
Chifukwa zimatha kuchitidwa mosavuta pafupi ndi chipatala chilichonse, chifukwa zimapereka zotsatira zolondola, ndipo chifukwa chakuti palibe zotsatira zake, kupanikizika kwa ultrasound kwakhala kuyesedwa koyambitsa matenda m'zipatala zambiri kuti apeze DVT.
> Zotsatira:
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> de Oliveira A, França GJ, Vidal EA, et al. LA. Duplex Kusintha kwa Odwala ndi Kukhumudwa Kwachipatala cha Deep Venous Thrombosis. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2008 Oct 20. 6:53
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