Njira yotsekemera ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri komanso zovuta kwambiri za thupi. Magazi ayenera kutuluka momasuka kudzera m'mitsempha ya magazi kuti athandize moyo. Koma ngati chotengera cha magazi chimasokonezeka, magazi amafunika kutseka kuti moyo usachoke. Momwemo, magazi ayenera kupereka dongosolo lomwe lingathe kuchitidwa panthaŵi yomweyo -ndipo izo zikhoza kukhala mkati mwawo kuti ziyimitse kutuluka kwa magazi.
Njirayi imatchedwa njira yotseka.
Pofuna kupewa kapena kuteteza magazi osadziwika, madokotala ayenera kumvetsa mbali zambiri za njira yotsekemera. Tsatanetsatane yotsatirayi ndi yophweka koma yapangidwa kuti apereke chidziwitso chachikulu cha momwe mankhwala ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala akugwirira ntchito amagwirira ntchito, ndipo zina mwazifukwa zoyesa chithandizo chimene dokotala angakupatseni.
Kodi magazi amatha bwanji?
Pali zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsalira: mapiritsi , ndi thrombin system.
Mapulogalamuwa ndi zinthu zing'onozing'ono zam'manja, zopangidwa mu fupa la mafupa , zomwe zimayenda m'magazi kuyembekezera vuto lokha magazi. Kutuluka kwa magazi kumapezeka, kusintha kwa mankhwala kumasintha pamwamba pa mbaleyo kuti "ikhale yosasunthika." Mipiritsi yokhazikika imanenedwa kukhala "" yatsegulidwa. "" Mipulogalamuyi yowonjezera imayamba kumamatira ku khoma la mitsuko ya magazi pamalo ochotsa magazi, ndi kwa wina ndi mzake.
Pakangopita mphindi zingapo, mateleti amatha kupanga chomwe chimatchedwa "chovala choyera." (Chigamba cha mapaleti chimaoneka choyera ndi maso.)
Thrombin dongosolo liri ndi mapuloteni angapo a magazi omwe, pamene magazi amapezeka, amatsegulidwa. Mapuloteni otsekemera amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi mankhwala omwe amatulutsa mankhwala otchedwa fibrin.
Fibrin ikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati chingwe chotalika, ndodo. Fibrin imamangiriza kumamanga ku khoma lowonekera, ndikuphatikizana palimodzi ndikupanga zovuta zamtundu wotchinga. Maselo ofiira ofiira amatengedwa pa intaneti, ndipo akuti "chovala chofiira" chikupezeka.
Msuzi wamagazi okhwima ali ndi mapepala ndi mapuloteni a fibrin, komanso maselo ofiira amagazi. Mitundu ya fibrin imamanga mapulaneti pamodzi, ndipo "potsirizira pake imitsani" chophimba kuti chikhale cholimba.
Mu mitsempha, chimbudzi choyamba chimadalira mapapulaneti. Mu mitsempha, chimbudzi choyambirira chimadalira mtundu wa thrombin. Koma zenizeni, mapaleletti ndi thrombin amathandizidwa, pamlingo wina kapena wina, m'magazi onse.
Kodi Njira Yotsekemera Ingabweretse Bwanji Mavuto?
Ndondomeko yotsekemera, monga machitidwe onse ovuta a thupi, ingabweretse mavuto.
Mwachiwonekere, ngati mapulogalamu kapena thrombin sagwira ntchito mokwanira, magawo a magazi osadziwika akhoza kuchitika. Ziwerengero zochepa za plateletti zingatheke ndi chemotherapy , mwachitsanzo, kapena ndi khansa ya m'magazi . Matenda ambiri a majini, kuphatikizapo hemophilia , amachititsa kuti thrombin isagwire ntchito. Zonse mwazimenezi zingayambitse vuto lalikulu la magazi.
Njira yotsekemera ikhoza kuchititsanso kuti ma clots apange kumene angathe kuvulaza, matenda otchedwa thrombosis.
Thrombosis ikhoza kuchitika mu mitsempha (kapena mitsempha ya ubongo) pamene chombo cha atherosclerotic chiphulika Ichi chogwiritsira ntchito chotchinga chimakhoza kuletsa magazi kutuluka ndi kuwononga mtima ( matenda a mtima ) kapena ubongo (stroke).
Zilonda zosadziwika zimatha kupezeka m'mitsempha, nthawi zambiri mitsempha ya mimba, kutulutsa matenda otchedwa veous thrombosis, kapena DVT . Mitsempha yowopsa imatha kuchoka (embolize) ndikupita kumapapo, ndipo imayambitsa matenda owopsa otchedwa pulmonary embolus .
Choncho kawirikawiri ntchito yotsekemera ikufunika kuti muteteze magazi ochulukirapo komanso kutaya magazi kwambiri.
Kodi Mwazi Wosalongosoka Ungasamalire Bwanji?
Kuthamanga kwa magazi koopsa chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mbale kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuika magazi m'magazi panthawi yomwe imayambitsa vuto la platelet.
Kusokonezeka kwa thrombin dongosolo nthawi zambiri kumatha kusinthidwa, mwachisawawa, ndi kutsekemera kwa plasma (komwe kumalowa m'malo osowa kapena osagwira ntchito).
Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuletsa mapangidwe a magazi amatha kuwongolera poletsa kutayira mapuloteni, kapena thrombin dongosolo. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala onse omwe amaletsa kupha magazi ali ndi mavuto awo, vuto lina lomwe limagwiridwa ndi mankhwala onsewa ndikutuluka magazi. Zonsezi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
Mawu Ochokera
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachidziwitso kwa magazi kumathandiza kwambiri pamoyo. Pokhapokha ngati mawotchi akugwira ntchito mwachindunji, zopanda malire, mwina kutuluka magazi kwambiri, kapena mawonekedwe a magazi omwe sakuyenera kupanga, ziwalo zofunika kwambiri.
Chithandizo cha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka, chotero, ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya mankhwala.
> Zotsatira:
> Mkuwa wa LF. Thrombin ndi Platelet Ntchito. Chifuwa cha 2003; 124: 18S.
> Furie B, Furie BC. Njira za Kuphunzitsidwa kwa Thrombus. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 938.
> Goldhaber SZ. Zinthu Zowopsa kwa Thromboembolism Yowopsa. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 1.