Ngati mumalowa mu sitolo yamasewera ndi amai popita kumapeto kwa sabata, mukhoza kupeza kuti ntchitoyo ikuchedwa. Mapeto a sabata ndi nthawi zowonjezera zamalonda ambiri, ndipo masitolo ambiri ogulitsidwa amalephera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yamagalimoto apansi monga masabata, usiku ndi maholide.
Komabe, mungadabwe kumva kuti kuchepetsa ntchito ndi kuchepetsedwa panthaŵi yolepheretsa zovuta kumakhala ndi zochitika m'mzipatala.
Chochitika ichi, chotchedwa Weekend Effect, chikugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa imfa kwa odwala omwe amavomereza kuchipatala. The Weekend Effect yathandizidwanso ku zotsatira zina zazikulu, monga magazi ndi matenda.
Zikuwoneka kuti, Kutsiriza kwa Mlungu kumatulutsa nthawi yopereka chithandizo chamoyo, ndi mawonedwe odzidzimutsa kuchipatala, kusiyana kwa maminiti pang'ono kungakhale kovuta. Chodabwitsa ichi chikhonza kumangirizidwanso ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito zofufuzira zomwe zimapezeka pamapeto a sabata komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wopita kwa madokotala odziwika, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala "oitanira" ndipo sapezeka nawo kuchipatala pamapeto a sabata.
Ngakhale kuti Weekend Effect yalembedwa m'mayiko ena-makamaka ku United Kingdom kumene yadzutsa nkhaŵa yaikulu-yakhala ikulembedwa kumene ku United States. Komanso, ngakhale pali maphunziro omwe amalephera kuthandizira kutsimikizirika kwake, umboni wochuluka wochuluka ukuwoneka kuti ukutsimikizira momveka bwino za zochitika izi.
Tiyeni tiyang'ane zitsanzo zina za "Weekend Effect" monga zikuwonetseredwa m'mabuku. Pomwepo, tidzakambirana zofunikira zazikuluzikuluzi.
Mayendedwe a Sabata ndi Stroke
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chisamaliro, anthu ambiri omwe akudwala zikwapu amakhalapo. Komabe, mu phunziro lapadera la 2015 lofalitsidwa ku PLoS ONE, ofufuza apeza kuti Weekend Effect ndi yamoyo komanso ku United Kingdom.
Kufufuza kotereku, ofufuza anafufuza imfa (mwachitsanzo, imfa) pakati pa anthu 37,888 omwe anachiritsidwa kuchipatala pakati pa 2004 ndi 2012. Poyerekeza ndi tsiku lovomerezeka kuti athetse vutoli, kufa kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri pambuyo pa kuvomereza kwa sabata kunali 19 peresenti apamwamba-ngakhale kuti panali 21 peresenti yochepa yovomerezeka! Kusanthula kwa deta kunasinthidwa kwa zaka, kugonana ndi matenda a co-11, kapena matenda ena, kuphatikizapo matenda, matenda ena a shuga , matenda a shuga , ndi dementia .
Zindikirani, mu phunziro lino, imfa inali yotsika kwambiri mu chipatala ndi gawo lopatulira. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, imfa inali yochulukirapo chifukwa cha matenda osokoneza bongo omwe anali osadziwika bwino kuposa momwe anagwiritsira ntchito matenda a ubongo, komwe magazi amachititsa kuti magazi aziyenda mpaka ubongo.
Ofufuzawa adafufuzanso zotsatira zina zitatu zokhudzana ndi kufa kwa odwala matendawa: kuvomerezedwa m'miyezi yachisanu, kulumikizana kwa chipatala ndi anthu akuluakulu komanso kutalika pakati pa odwala ndi chipatala (makilomita oposa 20). Ngakhale kuti zofukufuku zawo sizinali zofunikira kwambiri pokhudzana ndi chikoka cha mitundu ina yokhudza kufa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu akufa, ofufuza akuganiza kuti zinthu zitatu izi zikhonza kukhala ndi mwayi wothandizira odwala panthawi yomwe akudwala.
The Weekend Effect yakhala ikuwonetsedwanso ponena za kufa kwa stroke ku United States. Mu kalata yofufuzira yotchedwa "'Effect Weekend' kapena 'Effect Saturday'? Kufufuza kwa Kufa kwa Chipatala Kwa Odwala Amene Ali ndi Sitiroko ya Ischemic ku South Carolina, "ochita kafukufuku anafufuza zonse zovuta kwambiri zachemicalitis (stroke hospitals) (South Africa) pakati pa chaka cha 2012 ndi 2013. Anthu ochita kafukufuku anafufuza momwe anthu ambiri amavomerezedwa chifukwa cha matendawa. za kuvomereza, ndipo miyeso yonyansa imeneyi yafa chifukwa cha kugonana kwa odwala, zaka, mtundu, chaka chololedwa, nyengo yovomerezeka, mtundu wa malipiro, ndi Charlson Comorbidity Index (chiyeso chomwe chimaphatikizapo mavuto ena osiyanasiyana).
Pakati pa anthu odwala matendawa ku South Carolina, kufa kwa sitiroko kunali kopambana Loweruka kotero kuwonetsa mapeto a sabata tsiku lina.
Zotsatira zina, zotsatira za kafukufuku wa ku United States zikusonyeza kuti kupwetekedwa kwapakati kumakhala kwakukulu pamapeto a sabata kotero kumasonyeza malo apamwamba ovomerezeka; odwala omwe amavomereza kuti amatha kupwetekedwa pamapeto a sabata anali odwala kuposa omwe amavomereza masabata. Kupeza izi kungasokoneze zotsatira ndikufotokozera zina mwa kusiyana kwa imfa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chifukwa odwala omwe ali ndi stroke omwe anavomerezedwa pamapeto a sabata anali odwala, akhoza kukhala pangozi yaikulu ya imfa.
Zotsatira za kumapeto kwa sabata ndi opaleshoni ya ana
Mu kafukufuku wa 2014 wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Pediatrics , ofufuza a ku Yunivesite ya Johns Hopkins anafufuza kuti azitenga masabata makumi asanu ndi atatu (439,457) a ku United States omwe anachitidwa pakati pa 1988 ndi 2010. Kuchita opaleshoniyi kunaphatikizapo madzi osungunula , apendectomy, ndi kukonza mkati (ORIF) , kusungidwa kwa opaleshoni yopanga opaleshoni, kapena kukonzanso ntchito yopanga opaleshoni.
Akatswiriwa anapeza kuti ana omwe anali opaleshoni ya masabata kuposa ana omwe anali opaleshoni ya masabata. Kuwonjezera apo, ana amene adalandira opaleshoni pamapeto a sabata anali pa chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa magazi ndi kuika magazi, matenda opweteka, kupunduka kwapweteka komanso zotsatira zina zoipa. Monga momwe kafukufuku wina akuyendera pa Weekend Effect, zotsatirazi zimaperekedwa popanda makhalidwe ena odwala ndi chipatala.
Dziwani kuti imfa yachiwiri ndi opaleshoni ya ana ndi yosawerengeka ku United States ndi mayiko ena otukuka. Komabe, zotsatira za phunziroli zimakhala ndi zofunikira zachipatala chifukwa Kutha kwa Mlungu kumagwirizananso ndi chiwerengero cha imfa, ndipo imfa yotetezedwa ya mwana mmodzi ndikumayika kwakukulu kwa banja lake, abwenzi ake, ndi ammudzi.
Mauthenga a Sabata ndi Dipatimenti ya Emergency
Loweruka ndi Lamlungu ndi zovuta zina, dipatimenti yowopsa ndi malo omwe odwala ambiri omwe ali kuchipatala amavomerezedwa. Mu phunziro la 2013 la mutu wakuti "Musamadwale Lamlungu Lathu: Kufufuza kwa Mphamvu ya Kumapeto kwa Mlungu pa Imfa kwa Odwala Kudzera ku US ED," ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya Michigan anafunafuna umboni wokhudzana ndi odwala omwe adaloledwa kuchipatala Dipatimenti yosavuta.
Mu phunziro lobwezeretsa, mavoti 4,225,973 omwe akuimira 20 peresenti ya chiwerengero cha anthu omwe adalandira chiwerengero chadzidzidzi chomwe chinachitika kudzera mu dipatimenti yowonjezereka mu 2008 anafufuzidwa. The Weekend Effect inachitika mu chitsanzo ichi, ndipo anthu ambiri omwe anavomerezedwa pamapeto a sabata anamwalira kuposa omwe adavomereza masabata. Izi zakhala zikuwonetseratu mosasamala kanthu za phindu la odwala, chiwerengero cha inshuwalansi, umwini wa chipatala (pagulu kapena payekha), malo ophunzitsira zipatala ndi kafukufuku wa chipatala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nthawi ya Weekend Effect inali yodziwika bwino pakati pa khumi omwe amapezeka kwambiri, monga stroke, matenda a mtima, kuvulaza ndi kuvulaza mutu, kusonyeza kuti chodabwitsachi sichinali chodziwika kwa wina aliyense.
Zimene Sitidziwa
Ngakhale kuti kuchepetsedwa kwa sabata la kumapeto kwa sabata kumawonekeratu kuti ndilo kufotokozera kwapadera kwa Kutha kwa Mlungu, sitikudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Mwachitsanzo, sitikudziwa ngati nkhanizi zikukhudza anamwino, akatswiri, madokotala kapena kuphatikiza. Sitikudziwanso ngati kuwonjezereka kwa chipatala komanso kubwereketsa ndalama pamapeto a sabata kunathandiza. Chofunika kwambiri, kusintha kwa mlungu kwa sabata pamene kusamalidwa kusinthidwa kungathandizenso kuti izi zitheke.
Potsirizira pake, maphunziro omwe akuyang'anitsitsa Pulogalamu ya Loweruka ndi yochepa chifukwa cha zolemba zawo (osati mwachisawawa), ndipo kufufuza kwina kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisonyeze zowonjezera zowonjezera. Pakadali pano, mwina ndizolakwika kugula mwachindunji kapena kukana ndalama zomwe zimakhudza antchito kuchipatala.
Kodi Zonsezi Zikutanthauzanji?
Tiyeni tikambirane zomwe Kutha kwa Mlungu kumatanthauza kwa munthu aliyense payekha. Mu maphunziro omwe tawatchula, chodabwitsa ichi chinawonetsedwa pakati pa anthu akuloledwa ku chipatala chifukwa cha mauthenga ovuta komanso omveka. Chifukwa chakuti mavutowa anali ofulumira, odwala sanathe kulamulira nthawi yowonetsera ndipo sakanatha kusankha kulowa m'chipatala tsiku limodzi kapena sabata.
Mofananamo, ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi vuto lachipatala, kuvomereza kumafunika kukhala mofulumira mosasamala kanthu tsiku. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, vuto la mtima lomwe limapezeka Loweruka silingakhoze kuyembekezera kuvomereza kwa Lolemba. Kuwonjezera apo, chonde dziwani kuti ngakhale kudandaula za mapeto a weekend, chisamaliro choperekedwa ndi zipatala zambiri za ku United States ndi zabwino ndipo zimatsatira njira zovuta zothandizira-imfa zotetezedwa ndizosowa ngakhale kumapeto kwa sabata.
M'malo mokhudzana ndi munthu aliyense, zotsatira za maphunzirowa zimakhudza vuto lalikulu lomwe akuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala, olamulira, oimira, ndi omanga malamulo: momwe angachepetsere imfa zoperewera zogwirizana ndi zosagwirizana pa chisamaliro choperekedwa kumapeto kwa sabata ndi nthawi zina zowonongeka. Ndili ndi ndalama zowonongeka, pali zokambirana zambiri zokhudza kudula ndalama. Komabe, tiyenera kunyalanyaza mauthengawa ndi kuganizira zachitsulo zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kapena khalidwe la chisamaliro m'masewero a zaumoyo.
Ngati chipatala chikugwira ntchito pamapeto a sabata, misonkhanoyo iyenera kuti ikhale yotentha. Mzipatala sizingakhale zotsika mtengo pokhudzana ndi chuma ndi ntchito. Komanso, pamene kusinthana kusintha ndi chisamaliro chosamalidwa chimasamutsidwa, sipangakhale chosowa muzinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kumeneku. Pamapeto pake, ngati chipatala sichingathe kupereka chisamaliro chomwecho pamapeto a sabata ndi sabata, ndizosakayika ngati zikuyenera kupereka mapeto a mlungu. Mwachidziwitso, kafukufuku wanena kuti 24/7 kupeza malo opatsirana opatsirana, zipsyinjo zovuta, ndi magulu oyamwitsa odwala kwambiri-makonzedwe omwe kupeza ndi ogwira ntchito amakhalapo nthawizonse-onse asonyeza kuti angathe kuthetsa Mawonekedwe a Sabata.
Nthawi yotsatira mukamumva wandale akuyankhula za kudula kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, chonde onani kuti kudula kumeneku kungathe kumasulira zotsatira zomwe zimakhudza ife tonse, monga Mthawi wa Weekend. Chipatala si malo osungira amayi kapena apamwamba kumene mungathe kuyembekezera kapu kapena khola la mapeyala popanda nkhawa za thanzi lanu. Chipatala ndi malo omwe nthawi ndi zowonjezera zopezeka ndizofunikira komanso kuwerengeka kwa maminiti.
> Zosowa
> Goldstein SD ndi al. "Mapeto a sabata" mu opaleshoni ya ana - kuwonjezeka kwa imfa kwa ana omwe akuchitidwa opaleshoni mwamsanga pamapeto a sabata. "Journal of Surgery Pediatric. 2014; 49: 1087-1091.
Roberts SE, et al. "Imfa ikutsatira Stroke, Weekend Effect ndi Zinthu Zowonjezera: Kulemba Kuphatikiza Phunziro." PLoS ONE . 2015.
> Sharp AL, Choi H ndi Hayward RA. "Musadwale kumapeto kwa sabata: kuyesa kumapeto kwa sabata pa imfa kwa odwala omwe amafika ku US EDs." American Journal of Emergency Medicine . 2013; 31.
> Shi, L, et al. "'Mgwirizano wa Loweruka' kapena 'Zotsatira za Loweruka'? Kufufuza kwa Kufa kwa Chipatala kwa Odwala Odwala Ischemic ku South Carolina. " Kuthamanga . 2016; 134: 1510-1512.