Matenda a cardiac ndi chiopsezo choopsa chomwe chimakhala choopsa kwambiri (kutanthauza kuti kusungunuka kwa madzi osadziwika mu sachesi ya pericardial) kapena kutuluka m'magazi a pericardial, kumasokoneza ntchito yachibadwa ya mtima. Katemera wa mtima akhoza kuoneka mwachidwi kapena akhoza kuyamba pang'onopang'ono. Mulimonsemo, zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndipo kuthetsa kwa zizindikiro kumafuna kuchotsa mwamsanga madzi owonjezera kuchokera ku pepala la pericardial.
Kodi Tamponade ya Cardiac Yapangidwa Bwanji?
Katemera wa mtima amapezeka pamene vuto lowonjezeka mkati mwa pericardial sac, lopangidwa ndi madzi owonjezera, limakhala lokwanira kuletsa mtima pa diastole . Popeza mtima sungathe kudzaza kwathunthu, magazi amachotsedwa ndi mtima uliwonse, ndipo mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upewe zosowa za thupi. Kuwonjezera apo, magazi akuyesera kulowa mu mtima amayamba kubwerera, kupanga kuyanjana m'mapapu ndi mitsempha.
Kuchuluka kwake kwa madzi okwanira omwe ali ofunikira kuti awonongeke kumadalira kukula kwakukulu kwa momwe madzi amadziwira mofulumira. Ngati pulogalamu yamadzimadzi imakula mofulumizitsa, piricardium ilibe nthawi "yotambasula," ndipo kupanikizika mkati mwa malo osungunuka kungapitirire kwambiri-ngakhale ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Komabe, ngati pericardial madzi amayamba pang'onopang'ono (kunena, patapita masiku kapena masabata), pulogalamuyo imakhala ndi nthawi yokonzera kuti imwani madzi enaake.
Pachifukwa ichi, kupanikizika mkati mwa malo osokoneza bwenzi sikungapitirire kwambiri mpaka phokoso lodziwika bwino lakhala likukula kwambiri, mpaka pomwe pulogalamuyo silingathe kutambasula.
Kodi N'chiyani Chimayambitsa Mitundu ya Mtima?
Katemera wa mtima angayambidwe ndi zifukwa zilizonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso liwonongeke.
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Pericarditis
- Matenda a Dressler
- Matenda (tizilombo, bakiteriya, kapena fungal)
- Matenda osokoneza bongo monga lupus
- Chifuwa cha chifuwa chifukwa cha ngozi kapena kupweteka kwa opaleshoni
- Khansa
- Kuchiza mazira kwa chifuwa
- Hypothyroidism
- Kusokonezeka kwa Aortic
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo (makamaka hydralazine, isoniazid, ndi procainamide)
Kodi Zizindikiro Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zapamtima Zimakhala Zotani?
Chizindikiro ndi kuuma kwa zizindikiro zimadalira ngati tamponade yayamba bwino kapena pang'onopang'ono. Kukonzekera kwabwino kumapangidwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu, opaleshoni ya mtima kapena njira zina zowopsya za mtima, monga catheterization ya mtima , kapena disorction ya aortic . Muzochitika zonsezi, magazi amatha kudzaza pepala la pericardial mu mphindi kapena maminiti, kutulutsa kugwirizana mofulumira komanso koopsa. Chifukwa madzi owonjezera (omwe ndi, magazi) mu sachesi ya pericardial amakula mofulumira muzirombozi, ziphuphu zimatha kukula ngakhale pang'ono pokha. Zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta komanso zoopsa. Kupweteka mchifuwa, mpweya wochepa kwambiri, ndi tachycardia ndi palpitations ndizofala. Kutsika kwambiri kwa magazi kungabwere, kuphatikizapo khungu lozizira bwino, kutuluka khungu khungu, ndi kuchepa kwa mkodzo.
Kuthamanga kwabwino ndi mankhwala ofulumira, ndipo kufa mofulumira kumakhala kosavuta ngati sikuchiritsidwa mofulumira.
Mapuloteni a mtima omwe amachokera ku zinthu zina osati kupwetekedwa, njira zachipatala, kapena kusokonezeka kwa aortic zimayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri kuposa masiku kapena masabata. Zowonongeka pamaguluwa "amakhala" akuluakulu omwe amakhala ovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi maulendo ovuta kwambiri kuyambira nthawi yowonongeka yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi nthawi yokonzera kuti pakhale pang'onopang'ono madzi okwanira. Zizindikiro ndi zochepa kwambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi zida zosavuta kumva amakhala ndi chifuwa kapena zovuta, zosavuta zofooka, luso lopuma ndi ntchito zochepa, ndi edema miyendo ndi mapazi. Koma ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zingakhale zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi zowonongeka, zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri.
Kuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa katemera wa mtima kungakhalenso koopsa, ndipo chithandizo chofulumira chikadali chofunikira.
Kodi Tamponade ya Cardiac Imapezeka Bwanji?
Dokotala nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti matendawa amatha kumvetsera zizindikiro za wodwalayo, ndi matenda omwe amapezeka (monga kuyerekezera kukhalapo kwa mankhwala ena omwe amadziwika kuti amachititsa kuti awonongeke), komanso poyesedwa. Zina zowonjezera zingapezeke ndi chifuwa x-ray ndi electrocardiogram . Akadandaula, matendawa akhoza kutsimikiziridwa mosavuta ndi echocardiogram .
Kodi Kupopera Kwambiri Kwambiri Kumakhala Bwanji?
Chithandizo cha kukakamizika kwa mtima ndicho kuchotsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyenera kuchokera ku pericardial sac. Kutulutsidwa kwa madzi kumachepetsa kupanikizika mkati mwa pepala la pericardial ndipo kumapangitsa mtima kuyambiranso ntchito yake yachibadwa.
Kutulutsidwa kwa pericardial madzi nthawi zambiri kumachitika kudzera pa pericardiocentesis -ndiko kuti, kukhetsa madzi mwa catheter yosinthasintha yomwe imalowetsedwa mu malo owonetsera. Mosiyana, kutuluka kwa madzi kumatha kupyolera mu njira yopaleshoni yamakono. Makina opangira opaleshoni amachitidwa ngati, kuwonjezera pa kukhetsa madziwa, chidziwitso cha peicardium chimafunika kuti zidziwe zifukwa. Ngati phokoso la pericardial likubweranso litatha, peicardiectomy (kuchotsa opaleshoni ya piricardium) ikhoza kukhala yofunikira kuti tipewe kubwezeretsanso.
Malingana ngati atapezeka kuti akufulumira ndi kuchitidwa mofulumira, kupweteka kwa mtima kumakhala nthawi zonse kumatha kuchiritsidwa bwino, ndipo zotsatira za nthawi yaitali zimadalira makamaka momwe chikhalidwe chimayambira.
Zotsatira:
Maisch B, Seferovic PM, Ristic AD, et al. Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Matenda a Pericardial Summary Executive; Task Force on Disney and Management of Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Mtima J 2004; 25: 587.
Spodick DH. Zovuta zogwiritsidwa ntchito za Cardiac Tamponade. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 684.