Tachycardia ndi dzina loperekedwa kwa mtima uliwonse wamtima umene umapangitsa kuti mtima ufulumire.
Sinus Tachycardia
Tachycardia nthawi zambiri imakhala yachilendo. Ndipotu, pafupifupi tonsefe tili nazo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Kuwonjezeka kwa mtima wa mtima ndiyo njira yaikulu yomwe mtima umatha kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe ukuwombera panthawi yovuta kapena kupsinjika maganizo. Mtundu umenewu wa tachycardia, umene umapangidwa ndi nthenda ya sinus, umatchedwa sinus tachycardia.
Tachycardias Osadziwika: Cardiac Arrhythmias
Komabe, palinso mitundu yambiri ya mtima wamagayimu (osagwirizana ndi mtima) zomwe zimayambitsa tachycardia.
Pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya arrhythmias yomwe imabala tachycardia: ndipamwamba tachycardias, yomwe imayambira mu atria ya mtima , ndi tricycardias ya ventricular, yomwe imabuka m'mabwinja. Mitundu iwiri ya tachycardia ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ya anthu yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ngozi zomwe zimayambitsa.
Oyang'anira Tachycardias
Mitundu yambiri ya tachycardias (SVT) imapezeka makamaka achinyamata, osakhala ndi thanzi labwino. (Chinthu chachikulu chomwecho ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana , omwe amavomereza kwambiri anthu okalamba.)
SVT amayamba kuchitika ngati zigawo zomwe zimayamba ndikutha mwadzidzidzi, kawirikawiri popanda chenjezo lililonse. SVT kaŵirikaŵiri imayambitsa matenda, nkhawa, kupsa mtima kapena chizungulire, kufooka, ndi nthawi zina mpweya wochepa.
Anthu omwe ali ndi SVT nthawi zambiri alibe zizindikilo ngakhale pakati pa magawo. Koma ngati ma episode amapezeka kawirikawiri kapena otsiriza kwa nthawi yaitali, SVT ikhoza kusokoneza moyo wa munthu.
Ngakhale kuti SVT ingakuchititseni kudzimva chisoni bwanji, sizingawononge moyo ndi chiwalo.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya SVT.
Ambiri mwa awa ndi awa:
- Sinus tachycardia yosayenera (IST)
- AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
- Tachycardia, yomwe ndi gulu la Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)
- Matenda a atrial
Kuwonjezera pa mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, pali mitundu yambiri ya SVT yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri.
SVT imatha nthawi zonse kuti ikhale yabwino. Aliyense yemwe ali ndi SVT ayenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala ndi katswiri wamaganizo wamtima.
Ventricular Tachycardias
Tachycardias yotchedwa ventricular imaphatikizapo mitundu iwiri ya arrhythmia: tricycardia ventricular, komanso fibrillation ya ventricular. Nthaŵi zambiri, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a mtima, makamaka matenda a mitsempha yam'mimba (CAD) ndi mtima wosalimba .
Mafinyria (VF) ndi owopsa kwambiri m'maganizo a mtima. Izi zikachitika nthawi zonse zimatsogolera ku imfa mkati mwa mphindi zochepa pokhapokha zitayimitsidwa.
Mu VF, zida zamagetsi mwazing'onoting'ono mwadzidzidzi zimakhala zosasokonezeka, mtima umasiya kuwamenya, ndipo kumangidwa kwa mtima kumachitika. Pokhapokha ngati wogwidwayo atalandira mphamvu yowonongeka, imfa imachitika mkati mwa mphindi zochepa. Kuchuluka kwa mafinyria kumayambitsa kufala kwadzidzidzi kwaposa 300,000 chaka chilichonse ku US yekha.
Mwachidziwikiratu, njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kuteteza izo.
Ventricular tachcarcardia ndi ina yomwe ingakhale yoopsa ya arrhythmia yomwe imachokera ku zinyama. Ngakhale kuti anthu ena amatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zochepa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, kupweteka kwambiri kapena kutaya mwadzidzidzi. Mosiyana ndi ventricular fibrillation, nthawi zambiri ventricular tachycardia imalola mtima kupitiriza kupopera mpaka pang'ono. Choncho imfa mwadzidzidzi sikungakhale mwamsanga, ndipo sizingatheke konse.
Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi tachycardia ya ventricular ali ndi chigamulochi chifukwa cha CAD kapena mtima wosalimba.
Komabe, pali mitundu yocheperachepera ya tricycardia ya ventricular yomwe imapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali aang'ono komanso odwala. Mitundu iyi ya tachycardia ya ventricular ikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a QT aatali
- Kubwereza monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (RMVT)
- Arrhythmogenic bwino ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
- Catecholamine-sensitive polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)
Chifukwa mitundu yonse ya tachycardia ya ventricular ingathe kupha, aliyense amene ali ndi arrhythmia - ziribe kanthu chifukwa chake - ayenera kuyesedwa ndi katswiri wa mtima wa arrhythmias.
> Zotsatira:
Blomström-Lundqvist C, Scheinman MM, Aliot EM, ndi al. Mauthenga a ACC / AHA / ESC othandizira odwala omwe ali ndi mayankho akuluakulu - chidule cha chigamulo: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines ndi European Society ya Komiti Yokonza Maphunziro Otsogolera Otsogolera (Komiti Yolemba Pangani Malangizo Otsogolera Odwala a Supraventricular Arrhythmias). Kuzungulira kwa 2003; 108: 1871.
Zipes, DP, Camm, AJ, Borggrefe, M, et al. ACC / AHA / ESC 2006 Malangizo Othandizira Odwala Odwala ndi Amphepete mwa Arrhythmias ndi Kupewa Kachimwimika Imfa Yachimwene-Imfa Yachidule A Lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force ndi European Society ya Komiti Yokonza Maphunziro (Kulemba Komiti Yowonjezera Malangizo Othandizira Odwala Odwala ndi Ventricular Arrhythmias ndi Kupewa Imfa ya Mtima Wachimwibwi). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 1064.