Nthawi zina magayimu a mtima angayambitsidwe ndi mchitidwe wambiri wa magetsi wodabwitsa kuchokera kwinakwake mumtima. Pamene malingaliro oipawa akuchitika mofulumira, tachycardia (kuthamanga kwa mtima mwamsanga) kumachitika. Tachycardias yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi mibadwo yambiri ya magetsi imatchedwa "automatic tachycardias."
Zimayambitsa
Mawu akuti tachycardia amangotanthauza chiwombankhanga cha mtima chophwanya 100 kuposa mphindi iliyonse.
Pali zifukwa zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa tachycardia:
- Tachycardia (kapena sinus tachycardia) yachibadwa ndi chinthu chachizolowezi ambiri omwe timakumana nawo tsiku lililonse. Zimapezeka chifukwa nthenda ya sinus imayendera mlingo umene imayambitsa magetsi chifukwa cha kuyesayesa kapena kupanikizika. (Komabe, pali mtundu wa sinstorm osasintha tachycardia, wotchedwa sinus inapproprius tachycardia, kapena IST .)
- Reentrant tachycardia ndi arrhythmia ya mtima yomwe imayambitsa kugwirizana kosagwirizana kwa magetsi kwinakwake pamtima komwe kumapanga dera loyendetsa. Tentayardidias ya Reentrant imayamba ndiyima mwadzidzidzi komanso popanda chifukwa chomveka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino.
- Tachycardias yokha siimaphatikizapo dera lopanda magetsi koma m'malo mwake, limayambitsidwa ndi magetsi a magetsi ochokera kwinakwake kupatulapo node ya sinus. Ma arrhythmiaswa amawoneka mwa anthu omwe ali osagwirizana ndi mankhwala.
Zizindikiro
Mu tachycardias, maselo omwe ali mkati mwa mtima amayamba kupanga zofuna zawo zamagetsi mofulumira kuposa momwe nthenda ya sinus imachitira, motero amatenga chiyero cha mtima ndi kupanga tachycardia.
Tachycardias yokha ikhoza kukhala yochuluka kwambiri (yomwe imatchedwa "automatic atrial tachycardia," zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maselo omwe "amangothamangira" kuwombera amakhala mkati mwa atria), kapena ventricular ("automatic ventricular tachycardia," momwe zimaganizira zamagetsi zosazolowereka akubwera kuchokera ku zinyama zam'mimba).
Kuphatikiza apo, tachcarcardia yokhayokha ikhoza kuchitika pamene ziphuphu zosaoneka zimayandikira pafupi ndi kachilombo ka AV , kamene kali pafupi ndi "magulu" a atria ndi ventricles).
Mosiyana kwambiri ndi reentrant tachycardias, tachycardias yodziwika bwino imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe akudwala kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda oopsa angapangitse kuti zikhale zofunikira kuti mtima ukhale ndi zovuta zamagetsi.
Makamaka, automatic arrhythmias amayamba kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mapapu (monga mapiritsi a mapapu kapena chibayo), matenda oopsa a mtima wamtundu , kapena anthu omwe ali ndi zovuta zosiyana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe chawo - monga magazi otsika masitepe, otsika potaziyamu kapena magetsi a m'magazi, kapena aatali kwambiri a adrenalin.
Chotsatira chake, tachycardias yodziwika bwino imakhala ikuwonekera makamaka kwa odwala osakhazikika kuchipatala, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali odwala mokwanira kukhala mu magulu akuluakulu odwala.
Pali zosiyana pazomweyi, komabe. Chinthu chodziwika bwino chotchedwa atrial tachycardia (chomwe chimatchedwanso "ectopic atrial tachycardia") chikhoza kuchitika kwa achinyamata, osakhala ndi thanzi labwino. Mosiyana ndi tachycardia yowonongeka, vutoli limakhala lopitirira m'malo mozungulira ndipo lingayambitse kusokonezeka mtima kwa mtima.
Mtundu woterewu wa atrial tachycardia nthawi zambiri umachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala opatsirana .
Chithandizo
Kawirikawiri, chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri cha tachycardia ndikutulukira ndikusintha vuto lalikulu lachipatala. Kamodzi pamapapu apansi, chikhalidwe cha mtima, kapena zosawonongeka zamagetsi zimayimitsidwa, arrhymia amachoka. Choncho pafupifupi pafupifupi zonsezi, chithandizo cha tachycardias chodziŵika bwino ndicho kupititsa patsogolo vuto lachipatala limene limabweretsa.
Kawirikawiri, munthu amene ali ndi tachycardia yodalirika ali ndi thanzi labwino kuti achoke kuchipatala, arrhythmia yathetsa kale.
Palibe chifukwa choganizira kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo , kapena mankhwala ena a nthawi yaitali omwe amawathandiza kuti asamalire mtima wamagetsi. Kulepheretsa magwiridwe ena onse ndi nkhani yochitapo kanthu zomwe zingatheke pofuna kupewa vuto lachidwi lomwe linayambitsa chiyero.
Mawu Ochokera
Tachycardias yokha imayambitsidwa ndi mchitidwe wokhazikika wa magetsi kuchokera kwinakwake pamtima. Amatha kuganiziridwa ngati chiwalo cha mtima chifukwa cha "kupsa mtima" kwa maselo a mtima, makamaka chifukwa cha matenda aakulu, odwala kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, maseŵera ameneŵa amachoka pamene chithandizo chamankhwala chikuchiritsidwa bwino, ndipo palibe mankhwala a antiarrhythmic a nthawi yaitali omwe amafunika.
> Zotsatira:
> Astridge PS, Kaye GC, Perrins EJ. Zomwe Zilipo Panopa Ndiponso Zomwe Zidzachitike M'tsogolomu Mwachidziwitso Tachycardia Detection And Discernosis. Br Heart J 1993; 70: 106-1 10.
> Fogoros RN, Mandrola JM. Mtima Wosasangalatsa Nyimbo. Mu: Fogoros 'Electrophysiologic Testing, 6th, John Wiley & Ana, Oxford, 2017.
> Moore JP, Patel PA, Shannon KM, ndi al. Predictors Of Myocardial Recovery Mu Matenda a Tachycardia-Amakhudza Cardiomyopathy. Mtima; 11: 1163.
> Poutiainen AM, Koistinen MJ, Airaksinen KE, et al. Kukula Kwambiri Ndiponso Njira Yachilengedwe ya Ectopic Atrial Tachycardia. Eur Mtima J 1999; 20: 694.