Chizolowezi chachibadwa cha sinus (NSR) ndi dzina lina lachibadwa cha mtima.
The Normal Mtima Rhythm
Chifuwa cha mtima chimayang'aniridwa ndi zizindikiro zamagetsi (zomwe zimatchedwanso magetsi), zomwe zimangobwera mwachinthu chopangidwa ndi nthenda ya sinus, ndipo kenako imafalikira pamtima (poyamba kudutsa pa atria, kenako kudutsa mphepo). Kufalikira kwadongosolo kwa kayendedwe ka magetsi kumatsimikizira kuti mbali zosiyanasiyana za mgwirizano wa mtima mwa dongosolo, mwachangu.
Zimatsimikizira kuti atria amamenya poyamba (motero amatsitsa mtolo wawo m'magazi), ndipo pokhapokha chitani mgwirizano wamagazi, kutaya magazi m'mapapu (bwino ventricle) kapena thupi lonse (kumapeto kwa ventricle).
"Sinus rhythm" amatanthawuza kuti mtima wa magetsi ukupangidwira mu chikhalidwe cha sinus, monga chilengedwe chinalinganizidwira. "Thupi lachibadwa la sinus" limasonyeza kuti sikuti chikhalidwe cha sinus chilipo, komanso mlingo wa "kuwombera" mu nthenda ya sinus ndi yachibadwa-osati yopepuka, osati mofulumira. Kawirikawiri, chikhalidwe chachibadwa cha sinus chimatanthauzidwa ngati nyimbo ya sinus yomwe mlingo wake uli pakati pa 60 ndi 99 kugunda pamphindi.
Zosiyanasiyana zachizolowezi cha Sinus Rhythm
Sinth rhythm ikhoza kukhala yochedwa, yomwe imatchedwa sinus bradycardia . (Bradycardia ndi dzina loperewera pamtima pamtima.) Sinus bradycardia sikuti ndi yachilendo. Pa nthawi ya tulo, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi mtima wamtima womwe umakhala pansi pamsasa 60 pamphindi, ndipo othamanga ophunzitsidwa nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wamtima muzaka makumi anai.
Choncho mfundo yakuti sinus bradycardia ilipo sikutanthauza kuti pali vuto.
Komabe, matenda amtundu wa sinus (nthawi zina amatchedwa matenda a sinus syndrome ) nthawi zambiri amachititsa zizindikiro chifukwa kuthamanga kwa mtima kumathamanga kwambiri. Izi zikachitika, pacemaker imafunika kuthetsa zizindikiro.
Thupi la sinus lingakhalenso lofulumira, lomwe limatchedwa sinus tachycardia.
(Tachycardia imatanthauza kuthamanga mtima kwa mtima.) Mofanana ndi sinus bradycardia, tachycardia sinus ikhoza kukhala yachibadwa kapena yachilendo. Sinus tachycardia ikuyenera kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, pamene mukuchita. Kuwonjezeka kwa mtima wa mtima kumapangitsa mtima kupopera magazi owonjezera omwe thupi limasowa panthawi yomwe akugwira ntchito. Mofananamo, sinus tachycardia ikhoza kuchitika nthawi ya nkhawa, pa nthawi ya malungo, ndi hyperthyroidism , kapena pamene pali mitundu ina ya matenda omwe alipo omwe amafunika kutulutsa mtima kwambiri (monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi). Choncho ngati tastycardia yosadziwika ilipo, ndikofunika kuti dokotala apange kafukufuku wathunthu kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kuti athe kuchiritsidwa.
Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa sinus tachycardia ukhoza kuchitika womwe umatchedwa sinus olowa mu tachycardia . Ichi ndi mtundu wa tachycardia sinus umene umabwera ndipo umapita mwadzidzidzi (monga kutembenuzira kuzimitsa ndi kutseka), zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi njira zowonjezera zamagetsi mkati mwa node ya sinus. Kaŵirikaŵiri amachiritsidwa ndi kubweretsa .
Anthu ena ali ndi tachycardia sinus popanda chifukwa chilichonse chowoneka, vuto lotchedwa inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST). Chimodzimodzinso chimaoneka chotchedwa postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), momwe sinus tachycardia-ndi kugwedeza kwa magazi-imapezeka pamtunda woongoka.
Zilizonse za IST ndi POTS zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri, zipsyinjo ndi zozizwitsa zina, ndipo mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri samamvetsetsa (komanso osadziwika) ndi madokotala.
Zotsatira:
Bjerregaard P. Amawerengero a Mtima wa Ora 24, Ochepa Mtima Womwe Amawayikira ndi Mapainiya Omwe Amakhala ndi Moyo Wathanzi 40-79 Zaka Zaka. Eur Heart J 1983; 4:44.
Yusuf S, Camm AJ. Sinus Tachycardias. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2005; 2:44.