Kodi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi kumapangitsa kuti izi zichitike?
Tsiku lililonse ndimaona odwala omwe akulimbana ndi nkhondo ndi ukalamba . Tikufuna kukhala okhutira ndi okhutira, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri, osakhala ndi ululu. Tikufuna kupitiriza kuchita zinthu zomwe timakonda kuchita, zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi ziwalo zathanzi, komabe tikulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kanyamatayo m'magulu athu.
Ponse pozungulira, tikuwona zitsanzo za anthu omwe amachita ntchito zodabwitsa mpaka mapeto a moyo.
Timawona anthu akuthamanga marathons, kapena akuyenda galimoto, komabe mapangano athu sangatilole kuti tipitirire. Ndikuwonanso ochita maseŵera ambiri omwe ali ndi zaka zing'onozing'ono komanso zapakati pazaka zambiri, omwe amawononga ziwalo zawo, ndikudandaula za zomwe zimachitika nthawi yayitali ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti angathe kupitirizabe ntchitoyi.
Funso limene limabwera ndi lakuti: Tingachite chiyani? Nkhuta sizingatheke kuchiza kapena kubwezeretsanso, koma tikufunikira izo kwautali kuposa momwe zimakhalira. Kodi tingathe kuchita chilichonse kuti tizitsitsimutsa machiritso , kapena kuti tibwezeretsenso mzere watsopano? Kodi maselo am'munsi ndi yankho lothandizira kusintha kokalamba kapena kuwonongeka?
Kodi Cartilage Ndi Chiyani Imawonongeka?
Cartilage ndi mtundu wa mawonekedwe ogwirizana m'thupi. M'malo mwathu, tili ndi mitundu yochepa ya katchula, koma nthawi zambiri anthu amawotchera phokoso losalala lophatikizana lotchedwa articular kapena hyaline cartilage.
Mtundu uwu wa kakotila umapanga khola losalala kumapeto kwa fupa palimodzi. Minofuyi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, komabe imatha kupondereza ndi kutenga mphamvu. Imakhalanso yosalala komanso yochepetsetsa ndipo imalola kuti mgwirizano ukhale wolimba mosavuta.
Pamene galasila yowonongeka yowonongeka, kusanjikiza kosalala kumeneku kumatha kukhala kutali.
Pankhani ya kuvulala koopsa, nthawi zina mphamvu yodzidzimutsa imachititsa kuti khunyu iwonongeke kapena kuwonongeka, kuwonetsetsa mfupa. Pankhani ya osteoarthritis (yomwe imatchedwanso kuwonongeka kwa nyamakazi kapena kutaya nyamakazi), m'kupita kwanthawi kuti kusanjikiza kosalala kumatha kuvala thupi ndi lopanda pake. Potsirizira pake, ngati chingwecho chimasokonekera, magulu ogwirizana angakhale ouma ndi opweteka. Amagulu amatha kutentha ndi kutupa . Ndipo pamene zizindikirozi zikuipiraipira, nthawi zambiri ululu ndi zoperewera m'ntchito zimakhala zovuta.
Pali mankhwala ophera khunyu ndi nyamakazi, koma kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti asamatsitsire zizindikirozo poyeretsa kabotila, kapena kuti asamalowetsedwe, monga kupatsirana mawondo kapena kuthandizira opaleshoni.
Maselo Angathandize Bwanji Kuchiza Mankhwala Owonongeka?
Maselo achitsulo ndi maselo apadera omwe amatha kuchulukana ndikukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya minofu. Pazigawo zothandizira mwana, maselo amkati amakhala ochuluka. Komabe, pokhala wamkulu, maselo amadzimangidwe amangochita ntchito zinazake zokhazikitsanso maselo angapo, monga maselo a magazi. Kawirikawiri sizimayambitsa maselo omwe amapezeka m'magazi a karotila, choncho amatha kupulumutsa kapena kubwezeretsanso katemera watsopano.
Kawirikawiri pamayendedwe opanga mafupa ndi mavuto ophatikizana, maselo amkati amapezeka kuchokera ku magulu akuluakulu a maselo . Zomwe zimayambira kwambiri ndi mafupa ndi mafupa. Maselo amenewa amakhala ndi mphamvu zokhala maselo a m'magazi, otchedwa chondrocytes. Amasonyezanso makhalidwe ena othandiza polimbikitsa thupi kuti lichepetse kutupa, kuyambitsa kukonza maselo, ndi kusintha magazi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwa zizindikiro zamagulu ndi kukula kwa thupi kuti liyambe njira zowononga.
Ma selo amodzi atapezeka, amafunika kuperekedwa ku malo owonongeka kwa kanyumba.
Njira imodzi ndiyo kungoyambira maselo amkati muzowonjezera. Pakhala pali maphunziro angapo omwe akufufuza izi, ndipo deta ina ikuwonetsa kusintha kwa zizindikiro. Zambiri za kusintha kumeneku ndi zotsatira za kukula kwa kanyumba kotsutsana ndi zotsatira zina za maselo am'mimba (machiritso omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, kuphatikizapo zotsatira zotsutsa) sizidziwika.
Vuto loyambitsa jekeseni ndi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timakhala timene timaphatikizapo maselo oposa maselo. Pofuna kubwezeretsanso kanyama kakang'ono kameneka, kanyama kakang'ono kamene kakuyenera kumangidwanso. Nthawi zambiri khungu limatchulidwa kuti lili ndi kapangidwe ka scaffold kamene kali ndi collagen, proteoglycans, madzi, ndi maselo. Kujectza basi maselo a tsinde amalingalira kuti siwothandiza pakulimbikitsa kupanga mapangidwe onse a kanyumba.
Pali zofufuzidwa pa mitundu itatu ya minofu yowonongeka kuti ikhale ndi mapangidwe a kanyumba. Maselo amathanso akhoza kuikidwa mu scaffold, kuyembekezera kubwezeretsa bwino mtundu wamba wa kakotila. Kusindikiza katatu kumakhala kosavuta kukhala mbali yosangalatsa ya kafukufuku wamtundu uwu.
Kodi Mankhwala Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Maselo Ammunsi Amagwira Ntchito Kwanthawi Yambiri
Pakhala pali maphunziro ochulukirapo pogwiritsa ntchito maselo amadzimadzi ochizira matenda a karoti ndi nyamakazi. Zambiri mwa maphunzirowa zimaphatikizapo mawondo, koma palinso maphunziro akuyang'ana pamako, mapewa, ndi ziwalo zina. Ambiri mwa maphunzirowa amagwiritsa ntchito jekeseni, monga zida zopangidwa ndi minofu zikupangidwira ndipo sizifufuza bwino.
Ndipotu, kafukufukuyu akhala akuwonetseratu kusintha kwa zizindikiro, ndi kupweteka kochepa komanso zochitika zabwino. Pansi pambali, maphunziro ambiriwa anali ochepa kwambiri ndipo anakhala miyezi kapena zaka zokha. Zomwe zimakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali za jekeseni zamatenda asanatengedwe.
Izi sikuti palibe amene akuyang'ana pa nkhaniyi, koma chifukwa chakuti kusonkhanitsa deta ya nthawi yaitali kumatenga nthawi yaitali. Choncho, mwina tili zaka khumi kapena kuposa kuti tidziwe zambiri za momwe izi zimakhudzira thanzi labwino la nthawi yaitali.
Vuto lalikulu lomwe liri ndi maphunziro ambiriwa ndiloti sichinawonetsedwe kuti ndi zambiri, ngati zilipo, zabwino kuposa mankhwala osakaniza a nyamakazi. Choncho, ngakhale kuti anthu akhoza kusintha ndi maselo amkati, izi sizingakhale zosiyana kusiyana ndi mankhwala ena omwe amawoneka otetezeka komanso otsika mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati cortisone ikuwombera kapena mankhwala athandizidwe ali ndi phindu, ndiye n'chifukwa chiyani jekeseni chithandizo chomwe sichinawonetsedwe bwino?
Pomaliza, pali mafunso ofunika kwambiri pankhani ya chitetezo cha mankhwala opatsirana. Pakhala mafunso kuyambira pakuyambitsidwa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi mpaka kusintha kosasangalatsa . Chimodzi mwa vuto ndi chakuti mitundu ina ya mankhwala opangira maselo amakhala otetezeka kwambiri, pamene ena amapereka chiopsezo chachikulu, komabe onse amagawidwa ngati "mankhwala opangira maselo."
Zingakhale zovuta kwa odwala kudziwa momwe mankhwala omwe amalandira angakhale otetezeka. Mpaka takhala ndi chilankhulo chofala pogwiritsa ntchito maselo am'mimba, komanso kumvetsetsa kuopsa ndi phindu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala opatsirana, ndizodziwikiratu kuti mankhwalawa akuyendetsedwa bwino.
Kodi N'kofunika Kudikira?
Funso lodziwika bwino lomwe ndimamva kuchokera kwa anthu omwe akulingalira njira zotsatila za matenda a nyamakazi ndizofunikira kuyembekezera mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyenera: kodi ndiyenera kuchotsa malo osungirako ziyembekezo kuti maselo ali pambali pangodya?
Izi sizingatheke. Mwinamwake maselo amtundu adzakhala othandiza kwambiri poyamba kwa anthu omwe akuvulaza mgwirizano wawo, ndipo akufuna kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa kalotila mu mgwirizano umenewo, osati kwa anthu ofuna kubwezeretsa katemera watsopano. Mwachitsanzo, wothamanga wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi bondo wabwinobwino amathandizira kuvulala kwa ligament ndi kuwonongeka kwa karotila. Mapangidwe a mawondo awo ndi achilendo, koma kanyumba kakang'ono kakuwonongeka. Chiyembekezo ndi chakuti jekeseni wa maselo othandizira amathandizira thupi kuti likonzeko kuwonongeka kwa kanthawi koti karotila isakuvulazeni.
Izi ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi chophwanyika choipa chomwe sichikugwirizana, alibe khalala, ndipo ali ndi ziphuphu monga bone spurs. Mu zochitika izi, mwayi wa maselo otsegula kumathandiza kwambiri nthawi iliyonse posachedwa ndi yopepuka. Tili ndi njira yochuluka yotengera njira zamakono ndi zowonongetsera maselo kuti tidziwe momwe tingathandizire anthuwa.
Pansi
Maselo ammunsi amalingaliridwa ndi ambiri kukhala tsogolo la mafupa ndi machiritso amodzi. Tangoyamba kuphunzira momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito luso la tsinde la tsinde kukonza ndi kubwezeretsa cartilage. Ngakhale kuli kolimbikitsa kafukufuku, nthawi zambiri titha kuthetsa zotsatira za matenda a nyamakazi ndi nyamakazi m'njira yomwe idzapindulitsa anthu ambiri.
Pakalipano, pali zambiri zomwe zatsala kuti ziphunzire za maselo otsika. Sitikudziŵa zokwanira za kuopsa kwa chithandizo, zopindulitsa, komanso ngati apereka mwayi uliwonse pa zochiritsira zina zomwe tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira mavuto a khunyu m'magulu athu. Pakalipano, munthu mmodzi amatanthawuza kuti "mankhwala opangira maselo" angakhale osiyana kwambiri ndi wina. Choncho, kuyerekezera mankhwala, chitetezo, ndi kuthandizira ndi kovuta kwambiri.
Ndikhoza kupatsa chidwi chenicheni ndi munthu yemwe amalonjeza kuti azitha kusintha ndi mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito maselo amkati. Chofunika koposa, matenda opangidwa ndi maselo amtundu wamakono osakonzedwa kuti asinthe zotsatira za matenda a nyamakazi. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kusintha kwachipatala, izi ziribe pafupi ndi chithandizo cha matendawa.
> Zotsatira:
> LaPrade RF, Dragoo JL, Koh JL, Murray IR, Geeslin AG, Chu CR. "AAOS Research Symposium Updates ndi Consensus: Chithandizo cha Biologic cha Mavupala a Orthopedic" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2016 Jul; 24 (7): e62-78.
> Tuan RS, Chen AF, Klatt BA. "Kudzala kwa kanyumba" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2013 May; 21 (5): 303-11.
Saltzman BM, Kuhns BD, Weber AE, Yanke A, Nho SJ. "Maselo a Stem mu Orthopedics: A Comprehensive Guide kwa General Orthopedist" Am J Orthop. 2016 July; 45 (5): 280-288, 326.