MRI Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji ndi Malamulo Akutanthauza Chiyani?
Kujambula kwamaginito (MRI) ndi njira yowoneka mkati mwa thupi la munthu. Zithunzi zomwe zimapezeka ndi MRI zimakhala zomveka bwino, zimalola madokotala kuona zinthu zomwe sangagwiritse ntchito njira zina monga CT scan kapena X-ray . Zina kuposa maurosiurgery, MRI imapereka mawonekedwe abwino pansi pa chigaza.
Chifukwa chakuti MRI imagwiritsa ntchito mafano ogwira mtima, anthu ena amaganiza kuti zotsatirazi ziyenera kukhala zovuta kumvetsa.
Mwatsoka, kumvetsetsa bwino zithunzizi kumadalira kumvetsetsa kolimba kwa njira ndi sayansi kumbuyo kwa kujambula kwa maginito. Pachifukwachi, MRI imawongolera osati dokotala yemwe amalephera kulongosola, komanso ndi radiologists, omwe ndi madokotala odziwika bwino potanthauzira mafano awa.
MRI imagwira ntchito bwanji
Pamene wodwala alandira MRI scan, amaikidwa mu chubu chopapatiza. Kumzungulira iye ndi maginito amphamvu kwambiri. Pamene maginitowa atsegulidwa, ma atomu a hydrogen amangozungulira mwachindunji kumayendedwe a magnetic field. Mankhwala a wailesi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo a thupi kuti afufuze. Maatomu m'derali amalandira mphamvu zina zomwe zimawatsogolera, zomwe zimawatsogolera kuti azitha kuyendayenda pafupipafupi. Magetsi aang'ono amatsekedwa ndipo amayendetsedwa m'njira yotsegula madera odziwika bwino kwambiri monga zidutswa. Pamene maulendo a wailesi amatha kutsekedwa, maatomu a haidrojeni amatulutsa mphamvu, amapereka chizindikiro chodziwika ndi makina a MRI.
Kakompyuta imafufuza zizindikiro izi ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito pomanga chithunzi cha kagawo.
Good and Bad of MRI
MRI imapereka zizindikiro za thupi la munthu ngati kuti zidakonzedwa monga mkate. Magawo angakhale mbali iliyonse ndipo angakhale woonda monga mamita awiri. Njira ya MRI ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yowonera tizilombo tofewa monga ubongo ndi msana.
Komanso, MRI sichifuna kuti tizilumikizidwe.
Pamapeto pake, MRI ndi yokwera mtengo ndipo imatenga nthawi yaitali kuti ichite. Wodwalayo ayenera kukhalabe wotheka panthawi yomwe akuyendetsa, monga ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono kungapotoze zithunzizo. Zithunzi zingasokonezedwe ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zitsulo. Pomaliza, pamene MRI ili bwino kuyang'ana minofu yofewa, njira zina monga CT scan zingakhale bwino poyang'ana mafupa chifukwa cha mavuto monga fracture.
MRI ingathandize bwanji posankha zochita zaumoyo
Chithunzi cha magnetic resonance chiyenera kumvetsetsedwa pa nkhani ya nkhani yanu ndi kuyesedwa kwanu. Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, chilonda chomwecho chowonetsedwa pa MRI chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kupwetekedwa , chifuwa, multiple sclerosis , kapena chofunikira chilichonse. M'malo moyankha yankho lomveka bwino, ndiye kuti MRI imapereka zina zowonjezera zomwe zingathandize kutsogolo kwa dokotala.
Kuwonjezera pa kupeza zinthu pa MRI zomwe zingathe kufotokozera vuto lanu, MRI imatha kuzindikira "zotsatira zovuta." Izi ndizovuta zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwambiri ndipo sizigwirizana ndi vuto lomwe liripo. Mwachitsanzo, odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi ululu wa khosi amakhala ndi nkhawa pamene MRI imasonyeza ubweya wochepa mu khosi mpaka atauzidwa kuti odwala ambiri omwe alibe ululu wa khosi amakhala ndi ziphuphu zofanana.
MRI ingakhale njira yothandizira kwambiri kupeza matenda kapena kutsata matenda, koma sizili zoyenera muzochitika zonse . Mayesero ena omwe amapezeka mosavuta angapereke chidziwitso chabwino cha matenda anu.
Kuwerenga Malipoti a MRI
Pamene anthu ambiri amawerenga lipoti la MRI loperekedwa ndi a radiologist, iwo angamve ngati akulembedwa m'chinenero china. Mu njira zambiri, iwo akulondola. Mawu achipatala ndi ophatikiza Chigiriki ndi Chilatini. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, lipotili lingagwiritse ntchito ndondomeko yowunikira pofotokoza zinthu zina za MRI. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, madokotala ambiri amakambirana zotsatira ndi odwala, osati kungowapatsa chabe bukuli.
Pamene mukuwerenga lipoti la MRI la ubongo, apa pali mawu ena omwe mungakumane nawo.
- Coronal: Ichi ndi chidutswa choyang'ana ubongo poyamba. Zili ngati kudula mkate muyeso.
- Axial: Izi zimapanga ubongo kuchokera pamwamba, monga zigawo za mkate.
- Sagittal: Izi zimapanga ubongo kuchokera kumbali.
- Zotsatira: Mndandanda umayika njira ya MRI ku magawo ena, ndipo imasonkhanitsa zambiri pansi pazigawozo. Zotsatira zosiyana zimakhala bwino poonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda. Zotsatira zingaphatikizepo T1, T2, ndi kusiyana.
- Kupititsa patsogolo: Nthawi zina MRI imawunika pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyana. Izi zimaphatikizapo jekeseni wothandizira mosiyana, makamaka gadolinium. Kusiyanitsa kudzawonjezereka, kapena kukweza, chizindikiro cha mitundu ina ya zilonda. Mwachitsanzo, matenda oterewa angapangidwe mosiyana, pamene zovuta zowonongeka zozizira zambiri sizidzakula.
- MRA: Izi zimayimira maginito resonance angiogram. Ichi ndi mtundu wa MRI scan womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ziwiya za ubongo. Izi zimathandiza kwambiri ngati pali vuto lokhudza matenda kapena matenda ena.
- Kuzizira kwambiri / kutengeka kwa thupi: MRI imasonyeza pixels kuchokera ku zoyera kupita ku zakuda, ndi mithunzi yambiri ya imvi pakati. Mitundu yowala imanenedwa kuti ili ndi chizindikiro choposa kapena kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri. Kutengeka kwambiri, kapena kutengeka kwambiri, kumatanthauza dera lomwe liri lowala kapena lakuda kuposa momwe likuyembekezeredwa. Izi zikhoza kuimira chotupa koma nthawi zina chifukwa chopanga.
- Zojambula: Zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi magnetic zikhoza kusokonezedwa ndi mavuto, kuyenda, zitsulo kapena scanner, pakati pa ena ambiri. Ndipotu, pali mitundu yoposa 60 yowonjezera yomwe ingalepheretse kutanthauzira kwa MRI.
Ngakhale izi ndi zina zomwe zimapezeka mu mauthenga a MRI, kumbukirani kuti ngakhale ndi mawu omveka bwino, kutanthauzira kwa MRI kumadalirabe kumvetsetsa za chilengedwe, physics, physiology, ndi matenda. Kuwunika kumeneku kumakambidwa bwino ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe zapezeka.
> Zotsatira:
> Nadgir R, Yousem DM. Neuroradiology: The Requisites 4th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. 2016.
> Zowona za MRI. JP Hornak. http://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/mri/inside.htm.